简介:Coffee is a widely consumed beverage（除水以外的）饮料 prepared from the roasted eds—commonly called "beans"—of the coffee plant.
历史:Coffee was first consumed as early as the 9th century, when it was discovered in the highlands of Ethiopia.
From Ethiopia [ˌiθiˈopiə2022节假日, it spread to Egypt and Yemen [ˈjɛmən, and by the fifteenth century had reached Persia, Turkey, and northern Africa. From the Muslim . 穆斯林的, 伊斯兰教信徒的 world, coffee spread to Italy, then to the rest of Europe and the Americas.
Today, coffee is one of the most popular beverages worldwide.
种类: Coffee berries are picked, procesd加工的, and dried. 红脸白脸
The eds are roasted at temperatures around 200 °C (392 °F), during which the sugars in the bean caramelize ˈkærəməˌlaɪz, . 加熔(糖)使焦, the bean changes color, and the flavor develops. The beans are roasted to a light, medium, or dark brown color, depending on the desired flavor. The roasted beans are ground and brewed调制酿造 in order to create coffee.
Black coffee: A drip brew, percolated ˈpəkəˌlet收银员的英文 (用渗滤壶)煮(咖啡) or French press style coffee rved straight, with no milk.
Caffe Latte牛奶咖啡: Esntially, a single shot of espresso蒸汽加压煮出的浓咖啡 in steamed (not frothed) frɔθ, 1. 泡, 泡沫milk. The ratio of milk to coffee should be about 3:1, but you should be aware that latte in Italian means ‘milk’, so be careful ordering one when in Rome.
Cafe Macchiato玛奇朵咖啡: A shot of espresso（蒸汽加压煮出的浓咖啡） with steamed milk added. The ratio of coffee to milk is approximately 4:1.
Cappuccino: Usually equal parts espresso, steamed milk, and frothed milk, often with cinnamon 肉桂or flaked chocolate sprinkled on top. Some coffee shops will add more milk than that so that the customer will get a bigger drink out of the deal, but that makes the coffee itlf far weaker.
Dry Cappuccino\Wet Cappuccino
Mocha: This popular drink is basically a Cappuccino or Latte with chocolate syrup糖浆 added to the mix. Sweeter, not as inten in coffee flavor, and a good ‘gateway’ coffee for tho who don’t usually do the caffeine thing.
White coffee: A black coffee with milk added.
Coffee has played an important role in many societies throughout history. In Africa and Yemen it was ud in religious ceremonies. So that means it’s a very formal drink.. In the 17th century it was banned in Ottoman Turkey for political reasons.
In Europe it was once associated with rebellious 反叛的political activities. Today, trade in coffee has a large economic value. Coffee is an important export commoditykə'mɑdɪti]商品、货物降血糖药有哪些 for many countries; in 2004, coffee was the top agricultural export for 12 countries, and in 2005, it was among the world's top fifteen legal agricultural exports in value.
From 1998 to 2000, 6.7 million tons of coffee were produced annually and forecasts predict that production will ri to 7 million metric公制的其作始也简 tons annually by 2010.
The health effects of coffee are disputed, and many studies have examined the relationship between coffee consumption and certain medical conditions.
Studies have suggested that the consumption of coffee lowers the risk of certain dias but may have negative effects as well, especially when consumed in excess.The current connsus一致同意 of medical experts is that moderate有节制的 coffee consumption is not a health concern.Coffee is also a source of caffeine, and the majority of all caffeine consumed worldwide comes from coffee.
Advantages
1. Coffee has 元宵节挂灯笼anti-oxidant contents.
咖啡含有抗氧化物质。（女孩子们都知道抗氧化物质是延缓衰老的anti-aging，说明咖啡也具有这样的功效哦）
那父2. It protects you from having type 2 diabetes糖尿病. Coffee has natural sugar content that makes it more 李绅怎么读blood sugar friendly. It is advisable though that you put less procesd
sugar when preparing coffee drinks and consume in small quantities.
咖啡能防止你患上二型糖尿病。咖啡含有天然糖分，因而是它对血糖更有好处。但是仍然建议您在做咖啡时少放加工过的糖，并且以少喝咖啡为宜。
3. It helps fight cancer especially colon 'kəulən] cancer结肠癌. As an active antioxidant producer, coffee can help reduce the risk of developing certain cancers.
咖啡有助于抵抗癌症，尤其是结肠癌。咖啡，作为一种活跃的抗氧化物生产者，有助于降低患某种癌症的风险。
4. It is a good anti-depressant抗忧郁的 drink. Drinking coffee can bring mental focus and relaxation. The fresh scent香味 aroma 芳香of coffee can calm mood swings and making your brain always alert.
咖啡是一种良好的抗抑郁饮品。喝咖啡可以使人精神集中，也可以放松心情。咖啡的新鲜香味可以缓解情绪波动，并且使大脑处于敏锐状态。
5. Good for the heart. It contains Tannin丹宁酸 which promotes good cardiovascular kɑ:di:əʊ'væskjələ]心血管的 health. Consuming a small amount of espresso coffee can benefit your heart and found no negative effect.
对心脏有好处。咖啡里含有的单宁酸可以促进心血管健康。饮用少量意大利特浓咖啡有益于心脏，没有副作用。
Disadvantages
1. Coffee is addictive. Too much consumption of caffeine can cau addiction. Better drink coffee moderately to avoid this habit.
