备战2021年高考英语What Are Phrasal Expressions外刊精读与精练
试题
What Are Phrasal Expressions?
Step 1 Words in This Story
phrasal– ammar: of, relating to, or consisting of a phra or phras
unit -- n.a single thing, person, or group that is a part of something larger
expletive– n.a word or phra that fills out (or takes a slot) in a ntence without adding to the meaning
申请贫困助学金conversation– n.a talk involving two people or a small group of people
practice– v.to do something again and again in order to become better at it
Step 2 Reading and understanding
When you learn a new language, you must learn the meaning of individual words. But, there is another area that you should pay attention to: expressions, or groups of words.
Some expressions are especially uful whether you want to improve your speaking, listening, reading or writing skills. The expressions are common in everyday speech, newspaper writing and academic writing. What are the expressions? In this week’s Everyday Grammar, we will explore phrasal expressions.
Phrasal expressions
In recent Everyday Grammar stories, we explored phrasal verbs. Phrasal verbs are groups of words that have a verb and one or more short words. Together, the words have an idiomatic meaning – a meaning that differs from what the individual words suggest. For example, the phrasal
verb "hang out" means to relax, or enjoy some time without any planned activity. You can hang out alone or with others.
There are also phrasal expressions – groups of words that work together to take on a meaning that is different from what the individual words suggest.
Consider this example: the words “there is.” This is a phrasal expression. This group of words appears together as a unit. But if you try to think about each word, the meaning might be difficult to understand. Consider this: “There is a bug in my tea!” The word “there” takes the subject position in the ntence, but it does not really give any meaning. It is what grammar experts call an expletive. Together, the words “there” and “is” make a kind of expression – “there is.”韦耀
Without “there is,” the ntence would be: “A bug is in my tea!”
Do not fear. You do not need to remember the grammar that we just talked about. What is important is that you understand that English has groups of words that act together. The groups of words are generally formulaic, meaning t, fixed and commonly ud.
More examples
Eli Hinkel is a language expert.She writes that formulaic expressions “have to be ud and learned as whole units.” Hinkel gives many examples, such as “you are welcome,” “who knows?” “how are you?” and “by the way.”
Let’s consider “by the way.” If you think about the words individually, you might have a difficult time understanding this phrasal expression.
When someone says “by the way” they mean they are about to propo a new, and perhaps less important idea, to a conversation. So, you might hear an American say the following at the end of a business meeting:
“Thanks, John. By the way, could you nd me tho budget estimates when you get a chance?” Norbert Schmitt and Ron Martinez published a report in the Journal of Applied Linguistics about some of the most common phrasal expressions in the British National Corpus, a 100 million word collection of written and spoken language.
They suggest that some of the more common phrasal expressions include there is, there are, such as, of cour, a few, at least, I mean, you know, a bit, sort of, and in order to. If you listen to everyday speech, you will hear the words often. Many of them are common in writing, too.
Closing thoughts
Today we explored phrasal expressions – groups of words that mean something different from what you might expect. The good news is this: the expressions are common, uful and not too difficult to learn. But they do require careful study and practice in using them!
Ashley, by the way, Schmitt and Martinez also published a list of common phrasal expressions along with examples. It might help our listeners and readers learn common phrasal expressions.
That’s right! I almost forgot! You can find it, along with other uful information, at Schmitt’s vocabulary resource page.
And that’s Everyday Grammar.
I’m Ashley Thompson.
And I’m John Rusll.
Step 2 Practice
房子转让Task 1 Choo the best answer according to the passage.
1.When learning a new language, what el should we pay attention to except the meaning of
individual words?
A. pronunciation.
老当益壮B. expressions, or groups of words.
C. spelling
D. grammar.
2. The focus of this week’s Everyday Grammar is ________.
A.phrasal expressions
B. tens
医用制氧机十大品牌C. active voice
D. passive voice
3. What does the underlined word “individual” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. complicated
B. simple
C. group
D. single
4. As far as the phrasal expression “there is” is concerned, which of the following statement is not true?
A. It is a group of words that appears together as a unit.
B. The word “there” has no meaning at all.
C. Its meaning might be easier to understand if you take it apart.
D. In grammar experts’ opinion, the word “there” is called an expletive.
5. When saying “by the way”, you mean _______.
A. you are going to leave.
B. you will have a good time.
C. you are suggesting somebody who are having a conversation with you that he or she might be in
trouble.
D. you are about to put forward a new and less important idea.
Task 2 Listen and fill in the missing words.
When you learn a new language, you must learn the meaning of individual words. But, there is 1____________________ that you should pay attention to: expressions, or groups of words.
Some expressions are especially uful whether you 2 ____________________ your speaking, listening, reading or writing skills. The expressions are common in everyday speech, newspaper writing and academic writing. What are the expressions? In this week’s Everyday Grammar, we will explore3 ____________________.
小丑一半哭一半笑图片In recent Everyday Grammar stories, we explored phrasal verbs. Phrasal verbs are groups of words that have a verb and 4 ____________________. Together, the words have an idiomatic meaning – a meaning that 5 ____________________what the individual words suggest. For example, the phrasal verb "hang out" means to relax, or enjoy some time without any 6 ____________________. You can hang out alone or with others.
There are also phrasal expressions – groups of words that work together to take on a meaning 7 ____________________ what the individual words suggest.
Consider this example: the words “there is.” This is a phrasal expression. This group of words 8 ____________________ as a unit. But if you try to think about each word, the meaning might be difficult to understand. Consider this: “There is a bug in my tea!” The word “there” takes the 9 ____________________in the ntence, but it does not really give any meaning. It is what 10 ____________________call an expletive. Together, the words “there” and “is” make a kind of expression – “there is.”
Without “there is,” the ntence would be: “A bug is in my tea!”
炒牛肉干11 ____________________. You do not need to remember the grammar that we just talked about.
What is important is that you understand that English has groups of words 12 ____________________. The groups of words are generally formulaic, meaning t, fixed and commonly ud.
Eli Hinkel is 13 ____________________.She writes that formulaic expressions “have to be ud and learned as whole units.” Hinkel gives many examples, 14 ____________________ “you are welcome,” “who knows?” “how are you?” and “by the way.”
Let’s consider “by the way.” If you think about the words individually, you might 15 ____________________________ this phrasal expression.
When someone says “by the way” they mean they are about to propo a new, and perhaps 16 ____________________ idea, to a conversation. So, you might hear an American say the following 17____________________ a business meeting:
“Thanks, John. By the way, could you nd me tho budget estimates when you get a chance?” Norbert Schmitt and Ron Martinez 18 ____________________ in the Journal of Applied Linguistics about some of the most common phrasal expressions in the British National Corpus, a 100 million word collection of 19 _________________________.
They suggest that some of the more common phrasal expressions include there is, there are, such as, of cour, a few, 20 ____________________, I mean, you know, a bit, sort of, and in order to. If you listen to everyday speech, you will hear the words often. Many of them 21 ____________________ in writing, too.
Today we explored phrasal expressions – groups of words that mean something different from 22 ____________________. The good news is this: the expressions are common, uful and not too difficult to learn. But 23 ____________________ careful study and practice in using them!
Ashley, by the way, Schmitt and Martinez also published a list of common phrasal expressions along with examples. It might help our 24 ____________________learn common phrasal expressions.
That’s right! I almost forgot! You can find it, 25 ____________________other uful information, at Schmitt’s vocabulary resource page.
And that’s Everyday Grammar.
I’m Ashley Thompson.
And I’m John Rusll.
3画的字
Task 3 语法填空
1
