low-power machinery or vehicles the operator can usually apply sufficient force through a simple mechanical linkage from the pedle or handle to the stationary part of the brake. In many cas, however, this force must be multiplied by using an elaborate braking system.（P5）高尔夫衣服
用低能机械或传力工具，操作者通过向踏板或把手的一个简单机械连接构件作用足够的力量到车闸固定的部份。大多数情形，但是，用一个详细（复杂）的车闸系统使那个力量成倍增加。
2. The fundamental principle involved is the u of compresd air acting through a piston in a cylinder to t block brakes on the wheels. The action is simultaneous on the wheels of all the cars in the train. The compresd air is carried through a strong ho from car to car with couplings between cars; its relea to all the parate block brake units, at the same time, is controlled by the engineer. (Braking Systems)（P5）相关的大体原理是利用紧缩气体，通过气缸内的活塞将闸块压在车轮起作用。列车的所有车箱上的车轮同时动作。紧缩气体通过一个牢固的管道在由联轴器连接的车箱之间传输；工程师控制其在同一时刻释放到所有独立的闸块单元。
横向打印怎么设置3.When the brake pedal of an automobile is depresd, a force is applied to a piston in a master cylinder. The piston forces hydraulic fluid through metal tubing into a cylinder in each wheel where the fluid’s pressure moves two pistons that press the brake shoes against the drum. (Braking Systems)（P5）
临近预报
当踩下汽车刹车的踏板，在主汽缸中的活塞上施加一个力。活塞驱动液压流体通过金属管道进入每一个车轮气缸，在那里液压移动两个活塞将闸片压向轮圈。
穿过茫茫人海4.Machinery ontology including mechanical rack, mechanical connections and mechanical transmission, which is the basis of mechanical-electrical integration, plays a role in supporting the other functional units of the system and transmitting motion and power. Compared to purely mechanical products, the performance and functionality of integration technology in electrical and mechanical systems have been improved a lot, which requires mechanical ontology to adapt its new status in mechanical structure, materials, processing technology, as well as the areas of geometry. Accordingly, the new ontology is with high efficient, multi-functional, reliable and energy-saving, small, light-weighted and aesthetically pleasing characteristics. (Mechatronics System) （P7）
机械体包括机架、机械联接和机械传动，它是机电一体化的基础，作用是支撑系统其他功能单元，传递运动和动力。和纯机械产品相较，一体化技术的性能和功能在机电系统中大幅提高，它要求机械本体适应在机械结构、材料、加工技术和这些领域中的几何学下的新环境。相应的，新的一体化具有高效、多功能、靠得住、节能、小轻和美学的令人赏心悦目的特征。
5. Detecting nsor detecting nsor part includes a variety of nsors and signal detection circuit, a
nd its function is to detect the process of mechatronic systems in the work itlf and the changes of relevant parameters in external environment and transmit the information to the electronic control unit. Electronic control unit check the information and nds the corresponding control issues to the actuator. (Mechatronics System) （P7）
检测传感器部份包括各类传感器、信号检测电路，它的功能是检测机电系统
自身工作的工程，在外部环境下的相关参数的改变，将其信息传给电子控制单元。电子控制单元通过检查信息，送出相应的指令到执行机构。
6. Electronic control unit, also known as ECU, is the core of mechatronic systems, responsible for the external commands and the signals output by nsors. It centralizes stores, computes and analyzes the information. Bad on the results of information processing,instruction are issued according to a certain extent and pace to control the destination for the entire system. (Mechatronics System) （P7）梦见鬼是什么预兆
电子控制单元，也被称为控制单元（ECU）控制，是机电系统的核心，负责外部命令和传感器的信号输出。它集中、存储、计算并分析信息。基于信息处置的结果，依照必然的范围和步伐发出命令来实现控制整个系统的目标。
7. It is put into a fairly standard machine tool that has had position nsing and motors on the control knobs installed. This is basically just a robot machinist. You u a rotating cutting tool to cut away all the metal that isn’t your crank. 3D metal etch-a-sketch, with the computer interpolating, so the circles come out to be pretty smooth. (CNC Machining) （P9）
将数控系统装入一个超级标准的机床，它在控制手柄上有位置感应和马达。这大体上是一个机械师。你能利用一个旋转切削刀具切掉不是你设计的所有金属。具有计算内插的三维金属蚀刻成型能够使得圆被加工得更滑腻。
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8. They (CNC machine) are complicated machines, full of rvomechanisms, and measuring technology that can measure to ”) while covered in oil. A CNC machine has a minimum of 6 motors (including some to change tools, and one or more to pump oil and coolant various places). This translates to running costs that may be well
over $1/minute. (The computer is not a significant part of the cost any more.) (CNC Machining) （P10）
数控机床是复杂的机械，具有伺服机构和检测技术，它能在覆盖油膜状态下检测到。数控机床至少有6个马达（包括一些用来换刀具，一个或多个用来泵油和冷却液的各地方）。这些化成运行本钱可能
大大超过1美元/分钟。（电脑再也不是本钱的一个重要部份.）
9.Systems that can asss if the car is behaving safely can be ud to warn drivers that their behavior is more extreme cas,the systems could override the driver and cau the car to stop or slow this would on doubt save lives,it may provide a problem for the makers of films that include car cha---some of the impact may be lost when we live in a word where our cars simply refu to do anything unsafe.
10.Another feature of the work of Vlacic’s team is to have the ma chines communicate with each messages can goat the speed of light,it is possible for there to be an exchange of information on the intentions of veral machines approaching an this knowledge it should be possible to ensure that traffic flows far more smoothly.
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11. Factory asmbly line machinery is activated and monitored by a single PLC, where in the pas t hundreds of timers and relays would have been required to do the task. The machine or system us er rarely, if ever, interacts directly with the PLCs program. When it is necessary to either edit or create
the PLC program, a personal computer is usually (but not always) connected to it. (What is aPLC?)
用一个 PLC 就可以操纵和监控工厂的装配线机械，过去完成一样的工作需要成千的按时器和继电器。机械或系统用户很少，若是有的话，直接与 PLC 的程序交互。当有必要编辑或创建PLC程序时仅需将个人运算机连到 PLC 上。
process of quencing control and interlock logic needed for automobile manufacturing was a time consuming and arduous task, which required manual updating of relays, timers and dedicated clod-loop controllers. When a new year’s model was coming off the drawing board, skilled electricians were called on to ret the production line.(What is a PLC?) （P61）
汽车制造所需的时序控制、互锁逻辑的处置是一项耗时、费力的工作，它需要手工更新继电器、计时器和特定的闭环控制器。当一个新年度模型离开制图板，熟练的电工被要求从装生产线。
13. PLCs, in esnce, monitor external nsory activity from additional take in the data which reports on a wide variety of activity, such as machine performance, energy output, and process impediment. They also control attached motor starters, pilot lights, values and many other devices. Both functions respond to a custom, ur-created program.(What is a PLC?) （P62）
PLC，本质上是监控附加装置的外部传感活动，他们同意数据，这些数据提供普遍的活动，如机械性能、能量输出和加工障碍。它们也控制相连的马达启动器、导航灯、阀门和许多其他装置。所有的功
电脑系统还原能都对应一个老例，实用程序。
14.They (PLCs) are designed for real-time u, and often must withstand harsh environments on the shop floor. The programmable logic controller circuitry monitors the status of multiple nsor input, which control output actuators, which may be things
