真题演练(一) [2017·江苏]
A
| 雁丘词原文 语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文中作者向读者推荐了一本有关历史的书并介绍了其相关信息。 |
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56．What is CHRONOLOGICA according to the text?
A．A biography. B．A travel guide.
C．A history book. D．心理营养A science fiction.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“While CHRONOLOGICA tells his book ”可知CHRONOLOGICA是一本书，再根据文章开头所说的这是一次穿越时间的迷人旅行(a fascinating journey through time)可判断这是一本历史书。故选C项。
57．How does the writer recommend CHRONOLOGICA to readers?
A．By giving details of its collection.
B．By introducing some of its contents.
C．By telling stories at the beginning.
D．By comparing it with other books.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。通读文章可知，作者提到了这本书的部分内容——罗马的建立，因特网的缔造，罗马皇帝及百年战争等。故选B项。
B
Before birth，babies can tell the difference between loud sounds and voices.They can even distinguish their mother安全施工合同’s voice from that of a female stranger.But when it comes to embryonic learning(胎教)，birds could rule the roost.As recently reported in The Auk：Ornithological Advances，some mother birds may teach their young to sing even before they hatch(孵化)．New-born chicks can then imitate their mom’爱字开头的诗句s call within a few days of entering the world.
This educational method was first obrved in 2012 by Sonia Kleindorfer，a biologist at Flinders University in South Australia，and her colleagues.Female Australian superb fairy wrens were found to repeat one sound over and over again while hatching their eggs.When the eggs were hatched，the baby birds made the similar chirp to their mothers—a sound that rved as their regular “feed me！” call.
To find out if the special quality was more widespread in birds，the rearchers sought th
e red-backed fairy wren，another species of Australian songbird.First they collected sound data from 67 nests in four sites in Queensland before and after hatching.Then they identified begging calls by analyzing the order and number of notes.A computer analysis blindly compared calls produced by mothers and chicks，ranking them by similarity.
It turns out that baby red-backed fairy wrens also emerge chirping like their moms.And the more frequently mothers had called to their eggs，the more similar were the babies’ begging calls.In addition，the team t up a parate experiment that suggested that the baby birds that most cloly imitated their mom’s voice were rewarded with the most food.
This obrvation hints that effective embryonic learning could signal neurological(神经系统的) strengths of children to parents.An evolutionary inference can then be drawn.“As a parent，do you invest in quality children，or do you invest in children that are in need？” Kleindorfer asks.“Our results suggest that they might be going for quality.”
语篇解读太阳出来了歌曲 这是一篇科普类的说明文。文章讲述了澳大利亚的一位生物学家通过研究发现，鸟儿在孵化时会进行胎教，幼鸟会用胎教时学会的鸟叫声来引起鸟妈妈的关注。鸟儿在胎教方面比人类更出色。 |
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58．The underlined phra in Paragraph 1 means “ ”．
A．be the worst B．be the best
C．be just as bad D．be just as good
答案 B
实验室安全隐患解析 词义猜测题。画线部分前面的语境说，婴儿在出生之前就能分辨很大的声响与人的嗓音(tell the difference between loud sounds and voices)；画线部分后面的语境说，有些鸟妈妈在鸟儿被孵化出来之前，就可能教它们啼叫(teach their young to sing)。通过对比画线部分的前后我们发现，这里说的是与人类相比，鸟妈妈在胎教方面表现得最好(be the best)花的颜色，因此选B。
59．What are Kleindorfer’s findings bad on?
A．Similarities between the calls of moms and chicks.
B．The obrvation of fairy wrens across Australia.
心里美
C．The data collected from Queensland’s locals.
D．Controlled experiments on wrens and other birds.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段的研究过程和第四段的研究结果可知，他的发现基于A项(鸟妈妈与幼鸟叫声的相似之处)。
60．Embryonic learning helps mother birds to identify the baby birds which .
A．can receive quality signals
B．are in need of training
C．fit the environment better
D．make the loudest call
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。文章最后两段说，研究结果发现，叫声与鸟妈妈的声音很接近的幼鸟得到的食物最多(the baby birds that most cloly imitated their mom’s voice were rewarded with the most food)，这表明，有效的胎教能够把孩子神经系统的优点发信号给母亲(signal neurological strengths of children to parents)。从这些信息判断，胎教能帮助鸟妈妈识别出更能适应环境的幼鸟，因此选C项。
C
A new commodity brings about a highly profitable，fast-growing industry，urging antitrust(反垄断) regulators to step in to check tho who control its flow.A century ago，the resource in question was oil.Now similar concerns are being raid by the giants(巨头) that deal in data，the oil of the digital age.The most valuable firms are Google，Amazon，Facebook and Microsoft.All look unstoppable.
Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up.But size alone is not a crime.The giants’ success has benefited consumers.Few want to live without arch engines or a quick delivery.Far from charging consumers high prices，many of the r
vices are free (urs pay，in effect，by handing over yet more data)．And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves，too.
But there is cau for concern.The Internet has made data abundant，all-prent and far more valuable，changing the nature of data and competition.Google initially ud the data collected from urs to target advertising better.But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new rvices：translation and visual recognition，to be sold to other companies.Internet companies’ control of data gives them enormous power.So they have a “God’s eye view” of activities in their own markets and beyond.
