Accounting profit会计利润: Total revenue minus total explicit cost
Ability-to-pay principle能力支付原则: The idea that taxes should be levied on a person according to how well that person can shoulder the burden
Absolute advantage绝对优势: The comparison among producers of a good according to their productivity
Adver lection逆向选择: The tendency for the mix of unobrved attributes to become undesirable from the standpoint of an uninformed party
Agent代理人: A person who is performing an act for another person, called the principal
Aggregate-demand curve: a curve that shows the quantity of goods and rvices that houholds, firms, and the government want to buy at each price level
Aggregate risk: risk that affects all economic actors at once
正方形面积
Aggregate-supply curve: a curve that shows the quantity of goods and rvices that firms
choo to produce and ll at each price level
Appreciation: an increa in the value of a currency as measured by the amount of foreign currency it can buy
Arrow’s impossibility theorem阿罗不可能定理: A mathematical result showing that, under certain assumed conditions, there is no scheme for aggregating individual preferences into a valid t of social preferences
Average fixed cost平均固定成本: Fixed costs divided by the quantity of output
Average revenue平均收益: Total revenue divided by the quantity sold
Average tax rate平均税率: Total taxes paid divided by total income
Average total cost平均总成本: Total cost divided by the quantity of output
Average variable cost平均可变成本: Variable costs divided by the quantity of output
Automatic stabilizers: changes in fiscal policy that stimulate aggregate demand when the economy goes into a recession without policymakers having to take any deliberate action墙面漆效果图
陶行知教育文集
Balance trade: a situation in which exports equal imports
Benefits principle受益原则: The idea that people should pay taxes bad on the benefits they receive from government rvices
Bond: a certificate of indebtedness
Budget constraint预算约束: The limit on the consumption bundles that a consumer can afford
Budget deficit预算赤字: An excess of government spending over government receipts
感恩妈妈手抄报Budget surplus预算盈余: An excess of government receipts over government spending
Business cycle经济周期: Fluctuations in economic activity, such as employment and production
Capital资产: The equipment and structures ud to produce goods and rvices
Capital flight: a large and sudden reduction in the demand for asts located in a country
Cartel 卡特尔: A group of firms acting in unison
Catch-up effect: the property whereby countries that start off poor tend to grow more rapidly that countries that start off rich
Central bank: an institution designed to overe the banking system and regulate the quantity of money in the economy
Circular-flow diagram循环流向图: A visual model of the economy that shows how dollars flow through markets among houholds and firms
Clod economy: an economy that does not interact with other economies in the world挂历
与爱情无关Collective bargaining: the process by which unions and firms agree on the terms of employment
人民的名义百度云
Commodity money: money that takes the form of a commodity with intrinsic value
Coa theorem科斯定理: The proposition that if private parties can bargain without cost over the allocation of resources, they can solve the problem of externalities on their own
Collusion共谋: An agreement among firms in a market about quantities to produce or prices to charge
文房四宝指Common resources共同资源: Goods that are rival but not excludable
Comparative advantage比较优势: The comparison among producers of a good according to their opportunity cost
Compensating differential补偿性工资差别: A difference in wages that aris to offt the nonmonetary characteristics of different jobs
Competitive market竞争性市场: A market with many buyers and llers trading identical products so that each buyer and ller is a price taker
Complements互补性商品: Two goods for which an increa in the price of one leads to a decrea in the demand for the other
Condorcet paradox: the failure of majority rule to produce transitive preferences for society
Compounding: the accumulation of a sum of money in, say, a bank account, where the interest earned remains in the account to earn additional interest in the future
Constant returns to scale规模报酬不变: The property whereby long-run average total cost stays the same as the quantity of output
