26 The Magic of Energy 能的魔力
1. We talk about energy all the time-"Zilch<n微不足道的事物（或人），小人物，无，零>, the energy food," "energy crisis<n危机>," and so on. If asked to define it, however, we'd probably respond with something like "Well, it's-uh-well, you know-electricity."
1、我们时时刻刻讨论着能：“能量食物”，“能源危机”，等等。如果让我们给能下个定义，答案很可能是一些模棱两可的话：“哦，能是，嗯，你知道，像电。”
2. True;electricity is one kind of energy. However, energy comes in many forms. You cannot e or smell or taste energy, but it's always there, and one of the most fascinating<迷人的，有极大吸引力的> things about it is its ability to change from one form to another-like magic. This principle of change is what keeps everything-and everyone-going in this world of ours.
2、确实，电是能量中的一种。但是，能可以来自多种形式。你看不见、闻不到、也品尝不了能，但是，它始终存在着，关于能，最吸引人的就是，它具有从一种形式转换成另外一种
火灾自救形式的能力，简直如同魔术。这些转化的原理是维持着我们这个世界每一样事物、每一个人的运动。
Heat Energy 热能
3. When a fuel<燃料> unites with<结合，联合> oxygen, we say the fuel burns; what is really happening is that chemical energy (fuel and oxygen) is changing to heat energy. When the fuel (food) we eat unites with the oxygen we breathe, we then have heat energy to run our bodies.
3、当燃料与氧气结合时，我们就说燃料开始燃烧了，实际发生的是化学能（燃料与氧气）转化成热能。当燃料（我们吃的食物）与我们呼吸的氧气结合，我们获得我们身体运动所需的热能。
4. When you pop<取出> a frozen 一年级数学小报waffle<饼> into the toaster<烤面包机>, electrical energy turns into<变成> heat energy.
4、当你取出一块冷冻饼放进烤面包机时，电能转化成了热能。
5. In the internal<内部的>-combustion<n燃烧> engine<引擎，发动机> of a car, an electric spark<电火花> explodes<vt引爆> gass in the cylinder<气缸>; then heat energy moves the pistons<活塞>, becoming mechanical energy to move the car.
5、在汽车的内燃机引擎里，电火花引爆气缸里的燃料气体，然后热能推动活塞，成为机械能推动汽车行驶。
6. In a steam<n蒸汽> engine, the chemical energy of fuel is changed to heat energy; the heated water, now steam, forces<vt推动，促使> the pistons to move. In a steam turbine<涡轮>, the steam pushes against blades<叶片>. In both cas, mechanical energy results.
6、在蒸汽机里，燃料里的化学能转化成热能，加热水，成为水蒸汽，推动活塞运动。在燃气轮机里，水蒸汽推动的是叶片。在这两种情况中，都是机械能起的作用。
7. This changing from one form of energy to another can continue almost indefinitely<无限制地>. If, 王风采葛for instance<比如，例如>, the steam engine or turbine is co
移民条件nnected to a generator<发电机>, the mechanical energy can become electrical energy, which can become heat energy (for the electric stove<炉>), mechanical energy (for the washer<洗衣机>), etc.
7、能量从一种形式转化为另一种形式的变化几乎能够无限制地进行下去。比如说，如果蒸汽机或者蒸汽轮机和一个发电机连接起来，那么机械能就可以转化成电能，然后转化成热能（比如电炉）、机械能（如洗衣机）等。
8. Thus, energy readily<轻易地> changes back and forth<来回地> from one form to another. What starts out as one form of energy may be a totally<adv完全> different form when it reaches its final u.
8、因此，能量可以轻易地从一种形式到另一种形式来回转换。从最初的能量形式到最后的使用形式，能的形态可能已经完全改变了。
Radiant<adj辐射的> Energy 辐射能
9. Radiant energy is also called light energy. Our most important source of radiant energ
y is, of cour, the sun. Without it there would be no life, for plant life depends upon radiant energy-and we depend upon plant life.
9、辐射能也称作光能。当然，我们人类最重要的光能的来源就是太阳。没有太阳，就没有生命，植物的生命依赖辐射能，而我们依赖植物的生命。
10. Other forms of radiant energy familiar to<为…所熟悉> us are radio waves<无线电波>, infrared<红外线> rays<射线>, ultra-violet<紫外线> rays, X rays, and gamma rays.
10、我们熟悉的另外一些形式的辐射能是无线电适合情侣玩的小游戏波、红外线、紫外线、X射线和伽玛射线。
Mechanical Energy 机械能
11. In simplest terms<术语>, this is the energy of a moving object. Your heartbeat, the pushing of a lawn<草地> mower<割草机>, a baball speeding through the air, water falling onto a waterwheel慎独自律<水轮机>, the prying<撬> up of a rock with a crowbar<撬杠>-
all are mechanical energy, which, of cour, was another form of energy earlier.
11、用最简单的术语来描述，机械能就是移动着的物体拥有的能量。你的心脏跳动、推进割草机、棒球在空中高速飞过、水落入水轮机、用撬杠撬开石头等等，所有这些都是机械能，当然，在转化之前它是另一种能量形式。
Electrical Energy 电能
12. Electrical energy usually has to be changed to another form before it actually does what we want it to do. In the toaster, it changes to heat;自行车品牌排名 in a tiny wrist<手腕> watch or a subway train or a 75,000 hor-power industrial motor, it changes to mechanical energy. In an industrial process called electrolysis<电解>, it changes to chemical energy.
12、通常情况下，电能必须先转化为另一种形式的能，才能为我们所用。对烤面包机来说，电能转化成热能，在一个小小的手表里或者地铁列车里或者一台75000马力的工业电动机里，电能转化成机械能。在被称为电解的工艺中，它转化成化学能。
Chemical Energy 化学能
13. Various fuels such as coal, gas, oil and food are common<普通的> examples of chemical energy.村民选举法 The fuels give off heat when they burn. The process is called combustion or oxidation<氧化反应>, and the heat itlf is a form of energy. Man us the energy from some kind of fuel for everything from flying to the moon to thinking about it.
13、最常见的化学能包括煤、天然气、石油、和食物等各种各样的燃料。当这些燃料燃烧时释放出热能。这个过程我们称之为燃烧或者氧化反应，同时热本身也是能量的一种形式。人们从不同燃料中得到能量，并用这些能量做任何事情，大到飞上月球，小到头脑的思考。
14. A special kind of chemical energy is nuclear energy<核能>, sometimes called atomic energy<原子能>. The names come from the fact that the source of energy is the nucleus<核心>, or core<中心，核心>, of the atom. Nuclear fuels such as plutonium<钚> and uranium<铀> give off<释放出> heat energy when fission<裂变> (t
he splitting<分裂> of atoms in the fuels) occurs. Already we have en tremendous<巨大的> advances in the u of nuclear energy for peaceful purpos, and many people e nuclear energy as the future answer to almost all of our energy needs.
