【硝化反应】硝基烷烃类化合物的制备
辣椒简笔画
烷烃硝化反应
甲减的症状有哪些与芳烃类化合物相比，在常规硝化剂的作用下，饱和脂肪烃类化合物的硝化反应很难发生。金刚烷选择性的N-或O-官能团化也已见诸报道。在-78 °C 臭氧条件下，二氧化氮有选择性地与金刚烷的桥头位置发生反应，得到硝基化产物1
To a stirred mixture of hydrocarbon 1 (0.27 g, 2.0mmol) and dichloromethane (30 mL) was added liquid nitrogen dioxide (2.0 mL, 60mmol) at -78 °C and then ozonized oxygen was bubbled through at a low flow rate. After 0.5 h, the reaction was quenched with aq. NaHCO3. The organic pha was parated, washed and dried with Na2SO4. Removal of the solvent under reduced pressure left a white solid residue which was chromatographed on d
eactivated alumina using hexane-ethyl acetate as eluentto give the pure nitro derivative 2 (0.32 g, 90%), mp 162-163 oC.
对于一些易得的甲基硅烷类或烯丙基锡烷类化合物，通过硝基去甲基硅烷化2巨树或硝基去锡烷化3，可以比较有效的获得一些硝基烷烃。
In a 50 mL three-necked flask was added 1 mmol of allyltrimethylsilane to 10 mL of dry dichloromethane. The system was cooled to -78 oC. NO2+BF4-牛肉炒饭 (1mmol, 1.33 g) was slowly added during a period of 20 min. A slow stream of dry nitrogen was pasd through the system to purge trimethylfluorosilane and borontrifluoride formed in the reaction. After 30 min all the nitronium salt had disappeared. The mixture was then allowed to warm to room temperature, dichloromethane distilled off at atmospheric pressure, and the product distilled under vacuum: bp 62 oC/(25 mm); yield, 80%.2
Treatment of allyl trimethylstannane with 1.0 equiv of C(NO2)4 in DMSO at 17 oC leads to isolation of the corresponding allyl nitro in 56% yield.25
饱和烃类在自由基催化剂：N-羟基邻苯二甲酰亚胺（NHPI）催化作用下，可以通过烷基自由基的生成进而得到相应的硝基化合物4。 糖醋黄鱼
NO2 was ud as a liquid at 0 小兔运南瓜一年级看图写话oC. To a pearshaped flask (100 mL) were added NHPI (98 mg, 0.6 mmol) and cyclohexane (5mL). The flask was clod with a glass stopper and weighed. Then NO2小巴掌童话(0.75 mL) was quickly added using a Hamilton gas-tight syringe, and
视觉污染the flask was reclod with the glass stopper. The flask was weighed again in order to measure the NO2 added (115 mg, 2.5 mmol). The flask was cooled in an ice bath and then quickly attached to a condenr, and the mixture was stirred at 70 oC for 14 h. After the reaction, GC and GC-MS analys were performed. The yields of the products were estimated from the peak areas bad on the internal standard technique using GC. The products were isolated by column chromatography on silica gel with hexane/ethyl acetate (10/1 ± 3/1,v/v), and were identified by comparison of their analytical data with tho of authentic samples.4
相关链接：
【硝化反应】重氮盐、硼酸参与的硝化反应
【硝化反应】金属催化的硝化反应
【硝化反应】硝酰氯和硝酰酯作为硝化试剂
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