形容词、副词比较级、最高级知识讲解及练习
Ⅰ. 常见的比较级
（1）规则变化：
①单音节和部分双音节的形容词，一般在词尾加-er
Eg: calm--- tall--- smart---
②以字母e结尾的，直接在词尾加-r
Eg: nice--- fine--- large---
③以“辅音+y 结尾的词，变y为 i，再加-er”
Eg: early--- happy--- busy---
④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，再加-er
Eg: big--- thin--- hot---
⑤多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加more
Eg: popular--- important---m
（2）特殊变化：
用英语介绍学校
原级 | 张氏兄弟 比较级 | ※最高级 |
good/ well | better | best |
many/ much | more | most |
bad / badly（坏地） | wor | worst |
little | less小学一年级语文试卷 | least |
far | farther距离/ further（深奥的） | farthest/ furthest |
| | |
Ⅱ. 形容词比较级的用法：表示两者（人或物）的比较。
⒈表达“A大于B”用 A … 比较级+than B
①. Tom比我胖。 Tom is _____ (fat) than me.
②. 他的头发比我的短。His hair is ________(short) than _________.
He has ________ (short) hair than ________.
③. 英语比语文重要。English is _______________ (important) than Chine.
⒉ 表达“A和B一样”，用 A … as 原级 as B
①他和我一样高。 He is as ________ (tall) as I/me.
②英语比语文重要。English is as _______________ (important) as Chine.
③他的头发和我的头发一样长。His hair is ________ ________ _______ mine.
④他学习和你一样努力。He works _______ hard ______ you.
⒊表达“A不如B”，用A …not+as/so+原级+as+B。
①这辆车不像那辆车一样贵。This car ______ _______ _______（expensive） that one.
=That car is ______ _______ than this one.
②今天没有昨天暖和。Today ______ _______ _______(warm) _______ yesterday.
=Yesterday ______ ________ than today.
③他昨天来得没有我早。He _________ come ________ (early)as I (did) yesterday.
=He came _________ than I yesterday.
4．比较级前可用much / a lot / far(… 得多)，a little（稍微）, even（甚至）等表示程度
He is much ___________( well) today. It’s much ____________ (expensive).
He is very __________ (well) today. It’s too ___________ (expensive)墨索里尼
5.在两者之间选择哪一个更……，用比较级.Which /Who…,A or B?
谁跑得快些，Lucy 还是Lily？ Who runs _________, Lucy or Lily?
6.如果在两者之间表示“最……”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语：
晚上喝茶 约翰是两个男孩子中较聪明的一个。John is the cleverer of the two boys.
Of the two boys, John is the cleverer.
这支手表是两个中比较便宜的。This watch is of the two.
7.比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,
我比他大两岁。 I am two years _________ _________ he.
这个建筑比那个建筑高20米。This building is 20 meters ________ __________that one.
△“比较级 +and+ 比较级”表示“越来越…”
天气越来越冷了。It’s getting ______ and _______(cold)
比赛越来越有趣。The game is (interesting)
注意:多音节形容词用此句型时，要用more and more +形容词原级；而不能用more beautiful and more beautiful
△ “The+ 比较级…，the+ 比较级…”表示“越…，就越…
越多越好 The ________, the _______.
他越忙就越高兴。______ _______he is, ______ _______he feels.
△ “用twice 等表示倍数的词+ as +原级＋as…”表示甲是乙的几倍。
“用twice 等表示倍数的词+比较级than …”表示甲是乙的几倍。
这间房是那间房面积的两倍。This room is _______ as big as that one.
=This room is _______bigger than that one
注意：在英语中，两倍用twice，而不用two times，三倍以上用three，four…times。
同义引申高high /tall/long etc.
Ⅲ. 最高级的用法：
1.最高级前要加the，后面通常接范围（of 后的名词或代词表示与主语属同一类；in 表示时间或空间范围）。
①在我们班上他最高。 He is __________ ( tall) _____ our class.
②玛丽是这三个学生中最小的。
Mary is __________ (young) ______ the three students.
2. 舌加偏旁形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词the, 而以下几种情况一般不需要加定冠词the:
醋是什么做的
1.形容词最高级前有序数词、物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格等限定词修饰时,最高级前不用the。如:
The Yellow River is the cond longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。
He is my best friend.他是我最好的朋友。
2.形容词最高级在句中作表语而比较范围又不明确时,最高级前不用the。如:
They are happiest on Saturdays.他们在星期六最快乐。
3.如果两个形容词最高级并列修饰同一个名词时,第二个形容词最高级前不加the。如:
He is the youngest and tallest boy in his class.他是班上年龄最小、个子最高的男孩。
4.如果形容词最高级用来加强语气,作"十分;非常"之意时,前面不加the。但形容词最高级作单数名词的定语时,可用不定冠词a/an。如:
That book is most interesting.那本书非常有趣。
5.作宾语补足语的形容词最高级前不加the。如:
I found it most difficult to get to sleep.我发现入睡最难。
6.在一些固定用法中,最高级前通常省略the。如:
With best wishes for you.向你致以最美好的祝愿。
I like it best. 我最喜欢它。
3 在which…A ,B orC_? 句中，表示三者或三者以上比较
Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?
太阳，月亮，地球，哪一个最大？
4. 形容词最高级表示“最...之一”时，可用“one of the+最高级+复数名词”
Edison was one of the greatest inventors in the world.
爱迪生是世界上最为大的发明家之一。
5．“the +序数词+最高级”表示“第几个最…”；
The Yellow River is the cond longest river in China
6.比较级和最高级的同义句转换
He is the tallest boy in his class.
He is taller than any other boy in his class.
He is taller than any of the other boys in his class.
He is taller than any of the others in his class.
He is taller than all the other boys in his class.
He is taller than the other boys in his class.
He is taller than anyone el in his class.山西省招生考试信息网
