北京市朝阳区2021～2022学年度第一学期期末质量检测
高三英语试卷2022. 1
(考试时间90分钟满分100分)
本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
17-year-old Norwood was driving three friends home in St. Petersburg, Florida, on February 20. As they reached a crossroads, a black car 1 them. Their car sailed into someone’s yard and crashed into a tree.
As smoke ro from the car, a bystander shouted, “It’s about to blow up! Get out!” The 2 had caved in
Norwood’s driver’s side door, jamming it shut. 3 , but otherwi OK, she climbed out through the window. Along with two of her friends, who’d also managed to 4 themlves, Norwood ran for her life.
But halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasn’t with them. Norwood ran 5 and found Simmons in the back at, unconscious. She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out, avoiding the broken glass as best as she could. She 6 Simmons to safety and laid her on the ground. “I checked her pul (脉搏), and put my head against her chest. No sign of life,” Norwood told CNN, “That’s when I started CPR. Fortunately, I 7 my CPR certificate yesterday.”
She started pumping Simmons’s chest and breathing into her friend’s mouth in hopes of filling her lungs with the kiss of life. No 8 . And then, after the 30 compressions (按压) and two rescue breaths, Simmons regained consciousness. The CPR had 9 !
Soon, paramedics (急救人员) arrived and rushed Simmons to the hospital, where she heard how her best friend had saved her life. “I wasn’t 10 ,” Simmons said. “She will always help any way she can.”大学生德育论文
1. A. stopped B. hit C. guided D. pasd
2. A. impact B. symbol C. weight D. gravity
3. A. Relaxed B. Shaken C. Amazed D. Embarrasd动物画画
4. A. free B. defeat C. meet D. protect
5. A. back B. around C. forward D. outside
6. A. pushed B. rolled C. drove D. dragged
7. A. lost B. tested C. earned D. provided
8. A. trouble B. respon C. preparation D. exception
9. A. begun B. finished C. failed D. worked
10. A. calm B. upt C. surprid D. nervous
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
Wang Yaping, the Chine female astronaut onboard Shenzhou 13, entered the Tiangong space station, 11 name means Heavenly Palace, on October 16. She is the first female astronaut 12(visit) China’s space station and carry out extravehicular activities. Born in Yantai, Wang became the cond female astronaut in spaceflight. During this mission, Wang, as one of the crew 13 (member), will stay in orbit for six months, tting a new record for China’s manned space mission duration.
B
Zhaobi, or screen walls, have a long and storied history. Zhaobi can be found outside the entrance of buildings, and in their earliest form, they 14 (build) for only the highest members of society to show their social status (地位) and protect privacy. It was believed 15 zhaobi would also act as the spiritual protection. Then they became an 16 (importance) form of artistic expression, reprenting good fortune appearing on the walls. Nowadays, zhaobi are still how they looked in the distant past. By evolving (演变) their function, the walls17 (witness)China’s development, giving us a snapshot of life at a particular time in history.
C
A new study 18 (conduct) at the University of Kansas suggests that added sugars can cau some p
rocess tied to depressive illness. The rearchers found that inflammation (炎症) is the key effect of dietary sugar related to mental health. High sugar consumption could result in a perfect storm, negatively 19 (affect) the body and brain. “Many people 20 depression have high levels of systemic inflammation, which can directly push the brain into a vere depression. And added sugars stimulate this process,” said Stephen Ilardi.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
In our hyper-connected world, information is being collected and shared every nanocond. The problem is that your personal information might be ud against you in the future in ways you can’t imagine today. So what do you have to worry about, and what can you do to protect yourlf?
If you’re worried about your personal information
闰月结婚好不好
Don’t hand over your name, address, phone number, or email address unless the receiver really needs it. If presd, you can always make something up. Opt a paper receipt or no receipt rather than getting one via text or email, which requires sharing your information and expos you to possible data loss.
If you prefer that your Internet arches
Brow (浏览) with Firefox. Its privacy controls are stronger than other big-name browrs. Or u DuckDuckGo, and alternate rvice you can easily t as your default (默认) arch partner
If you’re worried about your phone acting as
Turn off Location Services for all apps except maps and others that specifically need to know where you are. You can do this in Settings, under Privacy and Location.
If you want companies to stop trying to ll
Stop ads from tracking you by opting out of information collecting. The is a good place to start. You can also add your phone number to the National Do Not Call Registry at 1-
888-382-1222 v.
If you’re worried about being tagged (标记) in photos on
Tell friends you don’t want to be tagged, and opt out of being automatically tagged in other people’s Facebook photos by going to Settings, then Face Recognition.
Always keep in mind that Internet is not a private place and your privacy is not just about freedom from embarrassment. Although you can’t prevent all Internet spying, you can minimize some unwanted spying by taking the steps.
21.Which of the following will most possibly reveal your personal information?
A. Looking for information with Firefox.
B. Receiving a receipt through text messages.
束蕴请火C. Switching off Location Services in Settings.
D. Giving your address to the receiver who needs it.
22. If you don’t want to be disturbed by ads, you can ________.
A. avoid
B. refu a call from 1-888-382-1222
C. delete your history from DuckDuckGo
D. register your phone number v
23. The passage is intended to ________.
A. give advice
B. introduce websites
C. show worries
D. explain social media
Cards from Ree
征求意见表
When 9-year-old Ree Osterberg lost her home in Fresno County,
California, in Creek Fire, one of the largest wildfires in state history early
last fall, she had a very pressing concern: did anyone grab her baball
cards?
No one had. With a houful of kids and dogs and a farm’s worth of男歌手排行榜
hors to evacuate (疏散), the family forgot the cards in a hurry to leave.
Naturally, the faithful San Francisco Giants fan and Little League baball player was upt. When she watched the Giants on TV, she would lay out each player’s card on the floor in his corresponding field position. “I like baball cards becau they are pictures of people doing happy stuff—doing what they love, and what I love,” says Ree.
Ree’s loss touched the hearts of the Fresno County fire department, which posted her story on its Facebook page. They put out a call for people to help Ree rebuild her baball card collection. Among tho to respond was Kevin Ashford of San Jo, who knew exactly where Ree could find replacement cards: in his garage. He had more than 25,000 in his collection, which is worth about $50,000. Ashford had been thinking about lling them when he saw the fire department’s post. “I wasn’t really doing anything with them,” says Ashford. “I thought I could take care of this problem rather quickly.”
First responders transported the cards from Ashford’s garage to the Fresno County fire department and then surprid Ree during a tour of the firehou. Towers of Ashford’s cards were put in front of the fire engine. After thanking Ashford, Ree was quick to share the thousands of baball cards she received from Ashford and other donors around the country with other kids affected by California’s Creek Fire.
She’s gotten so many, in fact, that she started Cards from Ree, an organization that collects cards and donates them to tho in need. She knows firsthand of the simple power of a card and she’d like to lift other children up as others have lifted her up.
24. What happened to Ree’s baball cards?
A. Someone took them away.
B. They were left in the garage.
C. Her family threw them away.
D. They were destroyed in a fire.
25. How did Ashford help Ree?
A. He donated his cards to her.
B. He called on others to help her.
C. He shared her story on Facebook.
D. He exchanged his cards with her.
26. From the story, we can learn that ________.
A. ups and downs make one strong
B. nothing is difficult to a willing heart
C. love can be nt from one to another
D. accepting what you have makes you happy
The return of a otters to Southeast Alaska over the past 50 years,
a project funded by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, has been a
conrvation success story. Erin Foster, a Nearshore Ecology PhD from
Hakai Institute, suggests that a otter restoration can enhance the
genetic diversity of their habitat.
excel画图Sea otters reside in coastal habitats, including eelgrass fields,
where they feed on rock crabs, often creating foraging pits (觅食坑)in the eelgrass. Foster looked at the impact of this activity on eelgrass genetic diversity by comparing eelgrass ecosystems with no otters (pre-disturbance) to tho where otters had been reintroduced (post-disturbance). It was found that genetic diversity was higher in the areas with otters. Foster argues that genetic richness is of central importance here becau it is crucial to resilience (恢复力) and the evolution of clonal organisms. Why? The primary mode of expansion for eelgrass is clonal growth, but a otter digging stimulates xual reproduction in the flowering plant and opens up areas for the eds to ttle.
Even though disturbance enhance s the diversity and dynamics of many of the world’s ecosystems, its influence on genetic diversity remains poorly appreciated. The amount of disturbance that was obrved in the eelgrass fields was relatively low: about 5% of the afloor had foraging pits, althoug
h the pits last only for a short time, and visual obrvations likely underestimate the amount of activity. The disturbance theory, prented in 1978 on the basis of evidence from tropical forests and coral reefs, is well known to ecologists. Early studies showed that disturbance could increa species diversity, but rearches on the effects of disturbance on genetic diversity are relatively rare.
The role of a otters in eelgrass fields provides insights into how genetic diversity can change when species interactions are lost—and how the patterns can be restored. Without a otters, genetic diversity appears to decline; when they return, so does diversity. Sea otters were extirpated from much of their range during inten commercial harvests in the 18th and 19th centuries. As their range expanded in the 1960s and 1970s after the disturbance, and their habitats became better understood, a otters became symbolic species in ecology.
The role of a otters in biogeochemical process such as the carbon cycle has gained attention in recent years. During the United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (2021-2030), more attention should be paid to rebuilding animal populations and the key ecological functions they provide.
27. We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. eelgrass ecosystems are established by a otters
B. eelgrass expands through clonal growth due to a otters
C. the return of a otters can increa genetic diversity of eelgrass小学生个人简介怎么写
D. eelgrass plays a more important role in the ecosystem than a otters
