黄浦区2021学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试
英语试卷
Ⅱ.Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions：After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,u one word that best fits each blank.
Do Animals Dream?
You can’t e your sleeping pet’s bran waves,but its behavior can tell you when Fido or Fluffy might be dreaming.If you watch clock you’ll e that as your cat falls asleep,her breathing becomes slow and regular and her body still.She has entered the first stage of sleep.___21___（call）slow-wave sleep.After about15minutes you’ll notice a change___22___her eyes move under her clod lids.Fluffy has entered the REM（Rapid Eye Movement），or dreaming,stage of sleep.Although she moves and makes little grunting nois,messages from her brain to the large muscles in her legs___23___（block）
，so she can’t run about.
Back in1963,Michel Jouvet,French scientist who was studying steep in cats___24___（interrupt）their Sleep paralysis,the state of being unable to act or function properly.___25_________they were completely asleep,the dreaming cats began to cha balls that Jouvet couldn’t e and bent their backs at invisible enemies. He figures he was watching them act out their dreams!
What were they dreaming about?Mostly,the dreaming cats emed___26___（practi）important cat skills: stalking,pouncing,and fighting.
In___27___study,Mat Wilson,a neuroscientist,recorded rats’brain waves while they learned mazes（迷宫）. One day,he left the brain-wave-recording machine on while the rats fell asleep.The pattern of brain waves in the sleeping rats matched the pattern from the maze so cloly that Wilson could locate exactly which part of the maze each rat was dreaming about!
Many rearchers now think that in both people and animals,one purpo of dreams is to practi important skills and nail down recent learning.This may explain why so many people dream about fighting and escaping, skills___28___were probably vitally important to our ancestors,and why dreaming affects our ability to learn. Do all animals dream?From looking at the brain waves of sleepi
ng animals,scientists think that all mammals dream,such as humans,dogs,lions,and whales,but fish___29___not.（They’re not sure about birds.）
How often animals dream ems to be tied to body size.Cats dream about every15minutes,mice every9 minutes,and elephants every2hours.And though cows and hors usually sleep standing up,they only dream when___30___（lie）down.
Section B
Directions：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be ud once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A.cultivate
C.opposing丰胸文胸
D.objective
F.evidence
灯笼怎么制作G.perceived H.functioning I.isting K.scientism
Why Doubt Is Esntial To Science
The confidence people place in science is frequently bad not on what it really is,but on what people would like it to be.When I asked students at the beginning of the year how they would define science,many of them replied that it is a(n)___31___way of discovering certainties about the world.But science cannot provide
certainties.For example,a majority of Americans trust science as long as it does not challenge their___32___ beliefs.To the question“When science disagrees with the teachings of your religion,which one do you believe?”58percent of North Americans favor religion;33percent science;and6percent say“it depends”.
But doubt in science is a feature,not a bug.Indeed,science,when properly___33___,questions accepted facts and leads to both new knowledge and new questions—not certainty.Doubt does not___34___trust,nor does it help public understanding.So why should people trust a process that ems to require a troublesome state of uncertainty without always providing solid solutions?
As a historian of science,I would argue that it’s the responsibility of scientists and historians of science to show that the real power of science lies precily in what is often___35___as its weakness:its drive to question and challenge a possible explanation.Indeed,the scientific approach requires changing our understanding of the natural world whenever new___36___emerges from either experimentation or obrvation.Scientific findings are hypothes that contain the state of knowledge at a given moment.In the long run,many of are challenged and even overturned.Doubt might be troubling,but it stimulates us towards a better understanding,certainties,as ___37___as they may em,in fact block the scientific process.
Scientists understand this,but in the___38___force between the public and science,there are two significant traps.One is a form of blind___39___that is,a belief in the capacity of science to solve all problems.And the other is a form of relativism borne out of a lack of___40___in the very existence of truth.
Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phras marked A,B,C,
and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phra that best fits the context.
This era of“Industry4.0”is being driven by the same technological advances that enable the capabilities of the smartphones in our pockets.It is a mix of low-cost and high-power computers,high-speed communication and artificial intelligence.This will produce smarter robots with better nsing and communication abilities that can ___41___different tasks,and even adjust their work to meet demand without the input of humans.
In the manufacturing industry,where robots have arguably made the most headway of any division,this will mean a(n)___42___shift from centralized to decentralized cooperative production.___43___robots focud on single,fixed,high-speed operations and required a highly skilled human workforce to operate and maintain them. Industry4.0machines are flexible,cooperative and can operate more independently,which___44___removes the need for a highly skilled workforce.
For large-scale manufacturers,Industry4.0means their robots will be able to n their environment and communicate in an industrial network that can be run and___45___remotely.Each machine will produce large amounts of data that can be___46___studied using what is known as“big data”analysi
s.This will help___47___ ways to improve operating performance and production quality across the whole plant,for example by better predicting when repairing is needed and automatically___48___it.
For___49___manufacturing business,Industry4.0will make it cheaper and easier to u robots.It will create machines that can be rearranged to perform___50___jobs and adjusted to work on a more diver product range and different production volumes.This part is already beginning to benefit from robots designed to cooperate with human workers and analy their own work to look for___51___.
While the machines are getting smarter,they are still not as smart as us.Today’s industrial artificial intelligence operates at a___52___level,which gives the appearance of human intelligence exhibited by machines,but designed by humans.
What’s coming next is known as“deep learning”.Similar to big data analysis,it involves processing large quantities of data in real time to___53___what is the best action to take.The___54___is that the machine learns
from the data so it can improve its decision making.A perfect example of deep learning was___55___by Google’s AlphaGo software,which taught itlf to beat the world’s greatest Go players.
pare with B.adapt to C.pick out D.hold on
sive B.accidental C.convenient D.dramatic
43.A.Traditional B.Removable C.Fashionable D.Potential
porarily B.thoroughly C.eventually D.initially
45.A.arranged B.evaluated C.monitored D.compod
adually B.collectively C.similarly D.approximately
47.A.identify B.rerve C.exploit D.indicate
48.A.dominating B.imposing C.eliminating D.scheduling
49.A.high-speed B.mass-produced C.small-to-medium D.multi-cultural
50.A.multiple B.feasible C.profitable D.independent
51.A.promotions B.improvements C.highlights D.resolutions
52.A.parate B.peculiar C.narrow D.mysterious
up with B.account for C.give way to D.make decisions about
54.A.difference B.commission C.phenomenon D.expectation
55.A.introduced B.described C.prepared D.demonstrated Section B
Directions：Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by veral questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C,and D.Choo the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
（A）
For thousands of years,the most important two buildings in any British village have been the church and the pub.In fact,until a place has a church and a pub,it is not really considered a community worthy of a name. Traditionally,the church and the pub are at the heart of any village or town,since it is where the people gather to socialize and exchange news.They are institutions at the heart of British society.After all,the word‘pub’is actually short for‘public hou’.
As a result,British pubs are often old and well prerved.Many of them have become historic sites that tourists visit.One of the most famous examples is the pub in the city of Nottingham called‘Ye Olde Trip to Jerusalem’，which dates back to the year AD1189and is probably the oldest pub in England.It was the same year in which King Richard the First came into power,who led the First Crusade into the Holy Land,towards Jerusalem. Many British pubs have old names referring to governors,such as The King’s Head or The Queen Victoria,but of cour this doesn’t mean they are only for kings and queens.Pubs have always welcomed people from all class and parts of society.On a cold night,the pub’s landlord or landlady can always find a warm place for you by the fire.There is always honest and hearty food and plenty of drink available at an affordable price.
That’s how it ud to be,but there are worrying signs that things are beginning to change.Economic downturns, governmental financial measure,and cultural changes are causing many pubs to go out of business.People do not have a lot of spare money to spend on beer.On top of that,in2007smoking was banned in all public indoor spaces,including pubs,which may also have affected the members of customers going to pubs since then.
This decline is happening despite the fact that pubs are now allowed by law to stay open after11pm. Previously,with11pm as closing time,customers would have to drink quite quickly,meaning they some
times got more drunk than they would if allowed to drink slowly.This British habit of drinking is known as‘binge drinking’，and it caus long-term health problems for individuals and problems with violent crime for
communities.The UK government is trying to find ways of discouraging binge drinking,and regularly spends money on television commercials to warn people of the problems of drinking too much.
56.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A.British pubs are prerved well mainly to attract tourists from all of the world.
B.British pubs are quite popular and accessible to people from all walks of life.
C.Most British pubs are going out of business becau of economic and cultural bans.
D.Most British pubs have to shut down to adjust themlves to meet the smoking ban.
57.Why did the UK government allow pubs to stay open after11pm?
A.To stimulate customers to spend more on drinks.
B.To help British pubs survive economic downturns.
C.To encourage more nsible ways of drinking in pubs.
D.To get rid of violent crime in most part of Britain.
58.The term“binge drinking”in paragraph5would be most likely to describe____.
A.drinking too much and too quickly
B.social problems related to British pubs
C.a new long term drinking approach
D.problems caud by drinking too much
59.What will most probably be covered in the paragraph that follows the last in the passage?
A.Different methods to welcome new customers to pubs.
B.Various advertiments encouraging people to quit drinking.
C.The campaigns and strategies to support the traditional pubs.
D.Trends of migrating back from the modern wine bars to old ones.
（B）
The Coming Series
Express Yourlf!
-The Art of Cartooning
Time:Thursday,January6,
18:30
Welcome to the first event in our new ries,
Express Yourlf!We will explore many forms
of personal lf-expression and discuss how
and why people create things and have hobbies.澳门的故事
Join William Denham,an American diplomat
stationed in Shanghai.Outside of the office,
Will’s main artistic hobby is drawing cartoons.
His cartoons have been displayed in two shows
in Shanghai.He will discuss his hobby,what it
means to him,and help take participants on
their own cartooning journey.This entertaining
and interactive event is open to all including
tho with no drawing or cartooning
experience.Be sure to bring your favorite pen
or pencil,a notepad or sketchpad,and a
creative attitude.
Breaking Barriers:
The NHL’s Trailblazer
Willie O’Ree
Time:Wednesday,January12,18:30
醉驾撞死人
Join us to watch and discuss the award-winning
documentary,Willie,inspired by the story of Willie
O’Ree who,in1958,became the first black player
in the National Hockey League（NHL）.Willie tells
the story of an extraordinary life and triumph over澳门币图片
食堂工作总结报告adversity.It also examines larger issues such as race
,equality,inclusion,community,and so on.
Through goal tting,hard work,and perverance,
Willie overcame many barriers and paved the path
for talented hockey players,regardless of race,to
play at the highest level.Plea register to learn
about this groundbreaking sports figure.
American Short Fiction:
流鼻血止不住怎么办Writing Our Stories x The Yellow Wallpaper
Time:Tuesday,February15,18:30
Quick to read and easily shared,the short story is said to be the literature of our times.We invite you on a journey to get to know some of the best short stories in American literature.
The Yellow Wallpaper,by American author Charlotte Perkins（Stetson）Gilman,was first published in1892
but persists in American culture as a literary touchstone.While it is a horror story on its surface,a car
eful reading reveals deeper themes of gender equality and the importance of lf-expression.And in this time of global situation,it reemerges as a study on the effects of isolation.Join American diplomat Peter Fasnacht to discuss,the themes and their connections to American society.Plea read the story ahead of the talk.You can find the story here.
Online registration is capped at40for each event.RSVP:shpas012121.wanshe
The discussion will be conducted in English.
60.Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the first event?
A.William Denham will share his artistic hobby with the participants.
B.The participants will explore various forms of personal lf-expression.
C.Drawing or cartooning experience isn’t a must for the participants.
D.The participants will be provided with esntial drawing tools.
61.What can we infer from the coming ries?
A.The story of Willie O’Ree is neither inspiring nor entertaining.
B.The Yellow Wallpaper tells a horrible story revealing global emergency.
C.Tho who haven’t registered online are also welcome to the events.
D.Applicants had better have a good command of English.
62.Which of the following is the most possible theme of the ries introduced in the passage?
A.Arts and literature
B.Books and films
C.Entertainment and interaction
D.Heroes and achievements
六味木香胶囊（C）
Ellen Weiss can hardly e.David Schmitt can barely hear.Are they typical victims of aging’s cruelest
blows? Not really.Weiss is actually a fresh resident doctor in family practice,age30,and Schmitt a medical student,26. They have been assigned roles,ages and particular illness as an innovative part of their medical training. Introduced in only a few medical centers so far,such role playing is designed to expo doctors to the pains endured by the patients.It is just one of veral techniques being tried at medical schools and hospitals in an attempt to deal with the most universal complaint about doctors:lack of sympathy.“Residents are usually young and healthy,”says Dr.Stephen Brunton.“They’ve not really had a chance to understand what patients go through.”
Role-playing programs give them a crash cour.At Hunterdon,students’faces are instantly aged with cornflour and make up.Next the disabilities are laid on:gloves cripple fingers,and peas inside shoes prevent walking.Then the erasatz invalids are asked to perform common tasks:purchasing medication at the drugstore, undressing for X rays,filling out a Medicare form and,most awkward,using the bathroom themlves.
At long Beach,new residents assume made-up illness and check into the hospital for an overnight stay.The staff treats them as they would any other patient,even nding them a bill.The entire entering class of medical students at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences are issued bedpans and told to u them. Some are even subjected to an indignity:spending most part o
f the first day of school as people with disabilities.
