黄浦区2021学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试
英语试卷
II.Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions： After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other
blanks, u one word that best fits each blank.
Do Animals Dream?
You can't e your sleeping pefs bran waves, but its behavior can tell you when Fido or Fluffy might be dreaming.
If you watch clock you'll e that as your cat falls asleep, her breathing becomes slow and regular and her body still.
She has entered the first stage of sleep. 21 (call) slow-wave sleep. After about 15 minutes you'll notice a农村养老保险查询
change 22 her eyes move under her clod lids. Fluffy has entered the REM (Rapid Eye Movement), or
dreaming, stage of sleep. Although she moves and makes little grunting nois, messages from her brain to the large
muscles in her legs 23 (block), so she can't run about.
360wifi助手Back in 1963, Michel Jouvet, French scientist who was studying steep in cats 24 (interrupt) their
Sleep paralysis, the state of being unable to act or function properly. 25 they were completely
asleep, the dreaming cats began to cha balls that Jouvet couldn't e and bent their backs at invisible enemies. He
人月两团圆figures he was watching them act out their dreams!
What were they dreaming about? Mostly, the dreaming cats emed 26 (practi) important cat skills:
stalking, pouncing, and fighting.
In 27 study, Mat Wilson, a neuroscientist, recorded rats' brain waves while they learned mazes (迷宫).
One day, he left the brain-wave-recording machine on while the rats fell asleep. The pattern of brain waves in the
sleeping rats matched the pattern from the maze so cloly that Wilson could locate exactly which part of the maze
each rat was dreaming about!
Many rearchers now think that in both people and animals, one purpo of dreams is to practi important skills
孔孟朱王and nail down recent learning. This may explain why so many people dream about fighting and escaping, skills
28 were probably vitally important to our ancestors, and why dreaming affects our ability to learn.
Do all animals dream? From looking at the brain waves of sleeping animals, scientists think that all mammals
dream, such as humans, dogs, lions, and whales, but fish 29 not. (They're not sure about birds.)
How often animals dream ems to be tied to body size. Cats dream about every 15 minutes, mice every 9 minutes,
and elephants every 2 hours. And though cows and hors usually sleep standing up, they only dream when
30 (lie) down.
Section B
Directions： Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be ud once. Note
that there is one word more than you need.
圆柱体面积A. cultivate | 住宅楼层风水B. reassuring | C. opposing | D. objective | E. confidence F. evidence |
G. perceived | H. functioning | I. estimate | J. existing | K. scientism |
| | | | |
Why Doubt Is Esntial To Science
The confidence people place in science is frequently bad not on what it really is, but on what people would like
it to be. When I asked students at the beginning of the year how they would define science, many of them replied
that it is a(n) 31 way of discovering certainties about the world. But science cannot pr
ovide certainties. For
example, a majority of Americans trust science as long as it does not challenge their 32 beliefs. To the
question “When science disagrees with the teachings of your religion, which one do you believe?" 58 percent of
North Americans favor religion; 33 percent science; and 6 percent say "it depends” .
But doubt in science is a feature, not a bug. Indeed, science, when properly 33 , questions accepted facts
and leads to both new knowledge and new questions——not certainty. Doubt does not 34 trust, nor does it help
public understanding. So why should people trust a process that ems to require a troublesome state of uncertainty国家线2022
without always providing solid solutions?
As a historian of science, I would argue that it's the responsibility of scientists and historians of science to show
that the real power of science lies precily in what is often 35 as its weakness: its drive to question and
challenge a possible explanation. Indeed, the scientific approach requires changing our understanding of the natural
world whenever new 36 emerges from either experimentation or obrvation. Scientific findings are卫衣
hypothes that contain the state of knowledge at a given moment. In the long run, many of are challenged and even
overturned. Doubt might be troubling, but it stimulates us towards a better understanding, certainties, as 37
