祈使句【2 】
用于表达敕令.要求.奉劝.警告.制止等的句子叫做祈使句,祈使句最常用于表达敕令,是以在黉舍文法中也常称为敕令句.祈使句因对象(即主语)是第二人称,所以平日都省略.祈使句的动词都为一般如今时,句末则应用句号来表示停止.
Go and wash your hands.
(去洗你的手.——敕令)肠胃不舒服吃什么
Be quiet, plea.(Plea be quiet.)(存问静.——要求)
Be kind to our sister.
(对姊妹要和气.——奉劝)Watch your steps. (走路当心.——警告)
Look out!Danger!
(当心!安全!—强烈警告,已如感慨
晨跑的好处
社团活动有哪些
句)
Keep off the grass.
雅思之路(勿践草坪.——制止)
No parking.
(制止泊车.——制止)
No eating or drinking.
(制止吃喝.——制止)
No littering.
(制止乱扔垃圾.——制止)
"let"带头的祈使句
由"let"带头的祈使句(Imperative Sentences)是个常见的动词句型,它的重要用法有下列三种:
1.表示“建议”.这个句型里的"let"后头紧跟着一个第一人称的代词宾语,如:
(1) Let me try.(2) Let's do it.(3) Let me go and look for it.
这个句型语气委婉,比直接的祈使句虚心.试比较(4)a和(4)b:
(4) a. Don't disturb him.b. Let's not disturb him.
(a)是直接敕令,语气强烈,不如(b)温顺刺耳.
2.表示“间接敕令”或“欲望”.这句型里的动词宾语是第三人称名词或代词,如:
(5) Let Robert take charge of the marketing department.(6) Let her join our choir.
3.表示“警告”.“鄙弃”.“威逼”等.
这种祈使句里的宾语也是第三人称为主.除了口吻凶猛之外,有时还语带讥讽,如:
(7) Let him try and he will expo his inability to work on his own.
(8) Let the invaders come and our armed forces will wipe them out in no time.
用"let"的祈使句时,必须留意下列几点:茶叶绿茶
一."let" 的否认句有二.假如宾语是第三人称用"Don'"(见例(9));假如宾语是第一人称,则用"ot" (见例
(10)):(9) Don't let this type of things happen again.(10) It's raining now. Let's not go out until after the rain.
二."Let"只实用于如今时态,可以有被动语态 (the passive voice),如:
(11) Let the recalcitrant criminals be nt to prison.(12) Let all the dedicated capable staff be promoted.
三."Let"后头除了是不带"to"的不定式动词(The infinitive without"to")之外,还可所以某些恰当的副词,如out, in, down, alone等:(13) Let the puppy out.(14) Open the windows and let the fresh air in.
(15) The room is too sunny. Let the blinds down.(16) Let me alone, plea.
四.用"Let's"时,把谈话者的对象包括在内;用"Let us"时,并不包括对方,如:
(17) Let's try it, shall we?(18) Let us do it by ourlves, will you?
从(17)里的"shall we"和(18)里的"will you",不难知道前者包括听话人,后者并没有.祈使句表示要求.敕令.建议等等.谓语动词一律用本相.句子中平日不用主语,句末用赞叹号或者句号,用降调.
1含有第二人称主语的祈使句Be careful!当心Don''t make such a noi.不要这么吵.
确定的祈使句a.句型:动词本相~.(省略主语)Stand up.起立.Be quiet,plea.存问静.
b.有时,为了增强语气,可以在动词之前加doDo sit down.务必请坐.Do study hard.必定要尽力进修.
祈使句和陈述句陈述句:You sit down.你坐下来.不要骗我
祈使句:Sit down.坐下(省略主语you)
c.用虚心的语气表示祈使句时,可在句首或句尾加上plea,但假如在句尾加plea,那在plea之前必定要加一个逗号“,”.Go this way,plea.请这边走.
赠秀才入军d.祈使句中假如有唤语,必定要用逗号“,”离隔,放在句首或句尾.
Li Ming,come here.李明,过来.Come here,Li Ming.过来,李明.
否认的祈使句句型:Don''t +动词本相~Don''t swim in the river.别在河里泅水.Plea don''t be noisy.请不要大声鼓噪.
表示制止时,尤其是标语等也可用“No+名词/动名词”来表示.No smoking!制止抽烟!No parking!制止泊车!
No entry!不准入内!No litter!不准乱扔杂物!
祈使句与陈述句的改写1.祈使句=You must …(陈述句)Come here .过来.=You must come here .你必须过来.
Don''t do that again.你必定不可以再那样做了.
2.Plea +祈使句=Will you (plea) ~?(陈述句)Plea help me .请帮帮我=Will you (plea) help me?你同意帮我的忙吗?
Come here on time ,plea .请准时到这儿.=Will you (plea) come here on time ?请你准时到好吗?
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3.含有第一.第三人称主语的祈使句Let‘s say good-bye here.我们在此道别吧.Don't let him do that again.别让他再那么做了..
1.确定的祈使句句型:·Let+第一人称(me,us)~.·Let+第三人称代词(宾格:him,her,it,them)或名词~.
Let's go at once.咱们立时出发吧.Let me try again.让我再尝尝.Let Tom go there himlf.让汤姆本身去那儿.
Let's包括对方,Let us不包括对方.反意疑问句时最显著.Let's go,shall we?咱们去吧,怎么样?
Let us go,will you?让我们去吧,行吗?(收罗对方的看法)
2.否认的祈使句句型:·Let‘s(us,me)+not +动词本相~.·Don’t let +第三人称代词的宾格或名词+动词本相.
Let's not say anything about it.对于这件事,咱们什么也不要说.Don't let them play with fire.别让他们玩火.
祈使句有时相当一个“if”的前提状语从句.祈使句:U your head and you''ll find a way.
前提句:If you u your head,you''ll find a way.
答复Let's~的反意疑问句句型时,肯准时用Yes,let''s.否准时用NO,let''s not.祈使句变反意疑问句的办法:
祈使句后的反意疑问句情势a,Let's表示措辞人向对方提出建议,简短问句的主语用 we表示,问句用 shall we或 shan't we 如: Let's have a cup of tea ,shall we (shan't we)b,Let me或 Let us表示听话人提出要求,问句用 will you或 won't you .
Let me have a rest , will you (won't you )c,其它的祈使句后可以加一个简短问句,使语气变得虚心一些.
如:Have a rest , will you .Stand up , will (won't) you .
if 的前提状语从句.
如:Study harder ,and you will catch up with the others in your class.尽力进修些,你会赶上班里其他同窗的.
If you study harder ,you will catch up with the others in your class.假如你进修再尽力些,你会赶上班上其他同窗的.
祈使句的构成:①:动词本相+其他②:Plea+动词本相+其他③:don‘t+动词本相
As students, we should put the learning in the first place 身为学生,我们应当把进修放在第一位
●确定构造:1. Do型(即:动词本相(+宾语)+其它成分).如:Plea have a at here. 请这边坐.
有的祈使句在意思明白的情形下,动词可省略.如:This way, plea. = Go this way, plea. 请这边走.
2. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分).如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!
3. Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词本相 + 其它成分).如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你.
●否认构造:1. Do型和Be型的否认式都是在句首加don't构成如:Don't forget me!不要忘却我!Don't be late for school!
2. Let型的否认式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词本相 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词本相 + 其它成分”.如:Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走.
3. 有些可用no开首,用来表示制止性的祈使句.如:No smoking! 制止抽烟!No fishing! 制止垂纶!