新概念一143,144知识点整理
Lesson 143 A walk through the woods 林中散步学
习目标全解必记单词
surround v. 包围
wood n. 树林
hundred n. 百
city n. 城市
through prep. 穿过
visitor n.参观者，游客，来访者
tidy adj. 整齐的
litter n. 杂乱的东西
place v. 放
throw v. 扔，抛
rubbish n. 垃圾
count v. 数，点
cover v. 覆盖
piece n. 碎片
tyre n. 轮胎
rusty adj. 生锈的
among prep. 在….之间
procute v. 依法处置
常考短语
be surrounded by 被…环绕
beauty spot 风景点
花胶的吃法hundreds of 成百上千
walk through…. 步行穿过….
be covered with…. 覆盖着…..
litter basket 废物筐
go for a walk 去散步
经典句型
1.I live in a very old town which is surrounded by beautiful
woods.
2.Visitors have been asked to keep the woods clean and tidy.
3.Litter baskets have been placed under the trees.
4.The litter baskets were empty and the ground was covered
with pieces of paper, cigarette ends, old tyres, empty
bottles and rusty tins.
5.Anyone who leaves litter in the woods will be
procuted.
1.被动语态的一般将来时和现在完成时形式：
(1)现在完成时形式：has/have + been + 过去分词
The window has been cleaned.
窗户已被擦干净了。
They have been nt to hospital.
他们已被派到医院去了。
(2)一般将来时形式：will (shall) + be + 过去分词
重点语法The work will be finished tomorrow.
明天工作就完成了。
2.含有情态动词的被动语态
情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词。其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，“be + 过去分词”部分不变。
Tables can be made of stones.
桌子可由石头制造。
Tables could be made of stones at that time.
那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时）
Can tables be made of stones?
桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）
3.主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项
(1)主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody
等含糊地表示“人们、大家”的单词，变为被动句时，通常删去“by…..”，但原主语被强调者除外。
They t up this hospital in 1975.
→This hospital was t up in 1975.
这所医院建于1975年。
Only he can finish the job.只有他能完成这项工作。
→The job can be finished only by him. 这项工作只能由他来完成。
(2)含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语
都可变成被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。
吴一帆但多以间接宾语作主语。
Jack told us the truth. 杰克告诉了我们真相。
→We were told the truth by Jack.
The truth was told (to) us by Jack.
教材全解1.I live in a very old town which is surrounded by beautiful woods. 我住在一个美丽的树林环绕的古老小镇上。
be surrounded by 由……环绕着
surround v.
(1)某人/某物包围某人/某物
Troops have surrounded the town.
军队把小镇包围了。
That old professor loved to surround himlf with young people.
那位老教授非常喜欢年轻人围在他左右。
(2)（常用被动形式）包围，环绕住
教材全解be surrounded by 由……环绕着
She has always been surrounded by fashionable friends.
企业市场营销
她总是生活在那些时尚朋友的中间。
The beautiful white hou is surrounded by green trees.
这个漂亮的白色房子周围围绕着大树。
2.It is a famous beauty spot. 这是一个著名的风景胜地。famous adj. 著名的（同义词：well-known, noted）
我爱书be famous for因….而闻名
罗曼式China is famous for her beauty.
中国因其美丽而闻名。
be famous as 作为…..而闻名
Jackie is famous as a teacher.
Jackie作为一名教师而闻名。
3.On Sundays, hundreds of people come from the city to e our town and to walk through the woods. 每逢星期天，有许许多多的人从城里来参加我们的小镇，并在树林中散步。恐怖灵异故事
hundreds of 成百上千的
Hundreds of soldiers died in this war.
成百上千的战士在这场战争中牺牲。
拓展：
thousands of 成千上万的
millions of 成百万的
dozens of 成打的
through
(1) 表示位置，在….之中，在….各处
The earth moves through space.
地球在宇宙之中运动。
(2)表示时间，在….期间
We’ll be in New York Tuesday through Friday.
我们从周二到周五会在纽约。安卓操作系统
(3)表示方向，从…的一端到另一端
He went through the forest.
他穿过了树林。
(4)表示方式，凭借，用
I learnt of the position through a newspaper advertiment.
我是通过报纸的广告了解到这个职位的。
4.Visitors have been asked to keep the woods clean and tidy. 游客已被告知要保持树林的整洁。
1)现在完成时态被动句
教材全解2)to keep the woods clean and tidy是不定式短语作主语
visitors的补足语
3)clean and tidy是宾语the woods 的宾语补足语
4)keep sth. adj. 表示“把某物保持在某一种状态”
5)tidy 整齐的，反义词是untidy
6)现在完成时态的被动形式
have/has been done
The room has been emptied.
房子已经被腾空了。
7)ask sb. to do sth. 的被动用法
Somebody + be + asked to do……，be应随句子的时态和主语而变化。
We have asked the students to read the books in the bookca. = The students have been asked to read the books in the bookca.
5.Litter baskets have been placed under the trees, but people still throw their rubbish everywhere.
树下都已设置了废物筐，但是人们仍到处扔垃圾。
1)but连接了两个并列句，前一个分句是现在完成时态被
动句，后一个句子是一般现在时态简单句。
2)place
①v.(小心地)放，放置
He placed the record back to the shelf.
他把唱片放回到架子上。
Their request placed me in a difficult position.
他们的要求将我置于困境。
②v. 任命；安置
The company has placed him with a branch office in Tokyo.
野钓鲫鱼饵料公司任命他在东京的一家分支机构工作。
There is no better way to place the homeless children.
没有更好的办法来安置这些无家可归的孩子。
6.What I saw made me very sad. 我所见到的一切使我非常难过。
这是一个主从复合句。What I saw是主语从句，作主语，意思是“我所看到的”。
What the little boy did surprid his mother.
那个小男孩所做的一切使他目前十分惊讶。
What you have done makes me happy.
你所做的使我愉快。
7.The litter baskets were empty and the ground was covered with pieces of paper, cigarette ends, old tyres,
教材全解empty bottles and rusty tins.
废物筐是空的，而满地都是纸片、烟头、旧轮胎、空瓶子和生锈的空罐头盒。
