流泪手心
The London Coffee Hous伦敦的咖啡馆
南京到杭州作者：托马斯·巴宾顿·麦考利 罗怀宇
歌唱
来源：《英语世界》2022年第03期
The coffee hou must not be dismisd with a cursory mention. It might indeed at that time have been not improperly called a most important political institution. No Parliament had sat for years.1 The municipal council of the City had cead to speak the n of the citizens. Public meetings， harangues， resolutions， and the rest of the modern machinery of agitation had not yet come into fashion. Nothing rembling the modern newspaper existed. In such circumstances the coffee hous were the chief organs through which the public opinion of the metropolis vented itlf.
The first of the establishments had been t up by a Turkey merchant， who had acquired among the Mohammedans a taste for their favourite beverage. The convenience of being able to make appointments in any part of the town， and of being able to pass eve
禁止抽烟
nings socially at a very small charge， was so great that the fashion spread fast. Every man of the upper or middle class went daily to his coffee hou to learn the news and to discuss it. Every coffee hou had one or more orators to who eloquence the crowd listened with admiration， and who soon became， what the journalists of our own time have been called， a fourth Estate of the realm2.
进一步解放思想
The Court3 had long en with uneasiness the growth of this new power in the state. An attempt had been made， during Danby’s administration4， to clo the coffee hous. But men of all parties misd their usual places of resort so much that there was a universal outcry. The government did not venture， in opposition to a feeling so strong and general， to enforce a regulation of which the legality might well be questioned. Since that time ten years had elapd， and during tho years the number and influence of the coffee hous had been constantly increasing.
Foreigners remarked that the coffee hou was that which especially distinguished London from all other cities; that the coffee hou was the Londoner’s home; and that tho
who wished to find a gentleman commonly asked， not whether he lived in Fleet Street or Chancery Lane， but whether he frequented the Grecian or the Rainbow. Nobody was excluded from the places who laid down his penny at the bar. Yet every rank and profession， and every shade of religious and political opinion， had its own headquarters.
There were hous near Saint James’s Park where fops congregated， their heads and shoulders covered with black or flaxen wigs， not less ample than tho which are now worn by the Chancellor and by the Speaker of the Hou of Commons. The wig came from Paris and so did the rest of the fine gentleman’s ornaments， his embroidered coat， his fringed gloves， and the tasl which upheld his pantaloons. The conversation was in that dialect which， long after it had cead to be spoken in fashionable circles， continued， in the mouth of Lord Foppington5， to excite the mirth of theatres. The atmosphere was like that of a perfumer’s shop. Tobacco in any other form than that of richly scented snuff was held in abomination.
梦想之车英文
If any clown， ignorant of the usages of the hou， called for a pipe， the sneers of the whole asmbly and the short answers of the waiters soon convinced him that he had better go somewhere el. Nor， indeed， would he have had far to go. For， in general， the coffee rooms reeked with tobacco like a guardroom; and strangers sometimes expresd their surpri that so many people should leave their own firesides to sit in the midst of eternal fog and stench. Nowhere was the smoking more constant than at Will’s. That celebrated hou， situated between Covent Garden and Bow Street， was sacred to polite letters. There the talk was about poetical justice and the unities of place and time. There was a faction for Perrault6 and the moderns， a faction for Boileau7 and the ancients. One group debated whether Paradi Lost ought not to have been in rhyme. To another an envious poetaster demonstrated that Venice Prerved8 ought to have been hooted from the stage. Under no roof was a greater variety of figures to be en. There were Earls in stars and garters， clergymen in cassocks and bands， pert Templars， sheepish lads from the Universities， translators and index makers in ragged coats of frieze.
卡尔维特
