双期相3D-pCASL在评估症状性与无症状性单侧大脑中动脉次全闭塞脑灌注血流量中的应用价值

更新时间:2023-06-21 20:00:31 阅读: 评论:0

双期相3D-pCASL在评估症状性与无症状性单侧大脑中动脉次全闭塞脑灌注血流量中的应用价值
作者:姚卫宏 姚辉富 冯泽川 刘聪
来源:《中国医学创新》2020年第23期
什么是团结>全脑超能想像力
朴周永        【摘要】 目的:探討磁共振三维伪连续式动脉自旋标记成像(3D-puld continuous arterial spin labeling,3D-pCASL)双期相扫描技术对单侧大脑中动脉(middle cerebral artery,MCA)次全闭塞脑灌注血流量的应用价值,以评价有症状与无症状患者脑灌注的差异性。方法:前瞻性选取2018年7月-2019年10月本院收治的48例MCA次全闭塞患者,依据MRI检查前1个月有无TIA病史分为症状组(30例)和无症状组(18例)。所有患者均行常规MRI检查、磁共振脑血管成像(MRA)、扩散加权成像(DWI)及3D-pCASL[标记后延迟时间(PLD)=1.5、2.5 s]扫描,3D-pCASL原始数据输入GE AW 4.7工作站后应用ReadyView软件进行图像后处理,生成全脑血流量(cerebral blood flow,CBF)图,分别测量患侧基底节、岛叶、颞叶皮层区及镜像对照侧CBF,然后取相应侧平均值,比较分析3D-pCASL对症状组与无症状组脑灌注量的评估价值。结果:症状组3D-pCASL灌注图患侧CBF值(PLD=1.5、2.5 s)均低于镜像侧,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);患侧、镜像侧(PLD=1.5 s)平均值分别为23.51、36.56 mL/(100 g·min),患侧、镜像侧(PLD=2.5 s)平均值分别为32.82、43.58 mL/(100 g·min),患侧与镜像侧CBF值(PLD=1.5、2.5 s)均值的比值分别为0.64、0.75,呈低灌注状态。无症状组3D-pCASL灌注图患侧CBF值(PLD=1.5、2.5 s)均低于镜像侧,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);患侧、镜像侧(PLD
=1.5 s)平均值分别为39.38、49.68 mL/(100 g·min),患侧、镜像侧(PLD=2.5 s)平均值分别为46.98、54.56 mL/(100 g·min),患侧与镜像侧CBF值(PLD=1.5、2.5 s)均值的比值分别为0.79、0.86,呈低灌注状态。两组患侧测量区CBF值(PLD=1.5、2.5 s)比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。症状组与无症状组患者PLD=1.5 s时患侧和镜像侧的CBF值均低于PLD=2.5 s,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3例3D-pCASL(PLD=2.5 s)患侧颞叶皮层区CBF较对侧镜像区≥11.6%。6例患者患侧脑皮层和皮层下见ATA信号。随访3个月2例患者患侧出现急性脑卒中。结论:双期相3D-pCASL技术可准确检测大脑中动脉次全闭塞患者脑灌注血流量,无症状患者较有症状患者侧支循环脑灌注量高,PLD=1.5 s较2.5 s敏感性高,PLD=2.5 s能够准确反映二级侧支循环代偿状况。南京南京票房
        【关键词】 动脉自旋标记 大脑中动脉闭塞 磁共振灌注成像 脑血流量水粉画人物
        [Abstract] Objective: To investigate the value of Dual-pha magnetic resonance imaging (3D-pCASL) on cerebral perfusion flow of middle cerebral artery (MCA) with subtotal occlusion, so as to evaluate the difference between symptomatic and non-symptomatic patients. Method: A total of 48 patients with subtotal occlusion of MCA ad
mitted to our hospital from July 2018 to October 2019 were prospectively lected, they were divided into the symptomatic group (30 cas) and the asymptomatic group (18 cas) according to the history of TIA or not one month before MRI examination. All patients were performed routine MRI, magnetic resonance (NMR) and cerebrovascular imaging (MRA), diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and 3D-pCASL [tag after the delay time (PLD)=1.5, 2.5 s] scanning, 3D-pCASL original data input after GE AW workstation 4.7 ReadyView software was ud to image post-processing, generate the cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood flow(CBF) figure, measured with lateral lobe, temporal lobe cortex, basal ganglia, island area and CBF image contrast, and then take corresponding average side, the evaluation value of 3D-pCASL on cerebral perfusion in symptomatic group and asymptomatic group was compared and analyzed. Result: CBF values (PLD=1.5, 2.5 s) on the affected side of 3D-pCASL perfusion in the symptom group were all lower than tho on the mirror side, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05); the mean values of the affected side, mirror side (PLD=1.5 s) were 23.51, 36.56 mL/(100 g·min), resp
ectively; the mean values of the affected side, mirror side (PLD=2.5 s) were 32.82, 43.58 mL/(100 g·min), respectively; the ratios of the mean CBF values of the affected side and the mirror side (PLD=1.5, 2.5 s) were 0.64 and 0.75, respectively, showing a hypoperfusion state. CBF values (PLD=1.5, 2.5 s) on the affected side of 3D-pCASL perfusion map in the asymptomatic group were lower than tho on the mirror side, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05); the mean values of the affected side, mirror side (PLD=1.5 s) were 39.38, 49.68 mL/(100 g·min), respectively; the mean values of the affected side, mirror side (PLD=2.5 s) were 46.98, 54.56 mL/(100 g·min), respectively; the ratio of the mean CBF values of the affected side and the mirror side (PLD=1.5, 2.5 s) were 0.79 and 0.86, respectively, showing a hypoperfusion state. Comparison of CBF values (PLD=1.5, 2.5 s) in the measured area of the affected side between the two groups showed statistically significant differences (P<0.01). When PLD=1.5 s in the symptomatic group and the asymptomatic group, the CBF value of the affected side and the mirror side was lower than that of PLD=2.5 s, the difference was statistically sig
nificant (P<0.05). 3 cas of 3D-pCASL (PLD=2.5 s) had CBF in the temporal cortex of the affected side greater than 11.6% in the contralateral mirror area. ATA signal was obrved in the cortex and subcortex of the affected side in 6 patients. 2 patients with acute cerebral apoplexy were followed up for 3 months. Conclusion: Dual-pha 3D-pCASL technology can accurately detect cerebral perfusion blood flow in patients with middle cerebral artery incomplete occlusion, the amount of cerebral perfusion in asymptomatic patients is higher than that in symptomatic patients, PLD=1.5 s is more nsitive than 2.5 s, PLD=2.5 s can accurately reflect the condary collateral circulation compensation.
        [Key words] Arterial spin labeling Middle cerebral artery occlusion Magnetic resonance perfusion imaging Cerebral blood flow
        First-author’s address: Liaocheng Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, China
        doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2020.23.007
爱尔兰风景        慢性缺血性脑血管病(ischemic cerebral vascular diea,ICVD)多由动脉粥样硬化致血管腔狭窄或闭塞引起,造成脑血流灌注降低而引起临床症状,大脑中动脉(middle cerebral artery,MCA)供血区是最常见受累部位。Ryu等[1]评估有症状与无症状的MCA次全闭塞患者认为,有症状患者发生脑中风的风险明显较大,其原因多与血流储备和侧支循环代偿较差有关。磁共振三维伪连续式动脉自旋标记成像(3D-puld continuous arterial spin labeling,3D-pCASL)采用快速自旋回波技术,以体内动脉血中水分子作为内源性磁性示踪剂进行容积成像,能够反映组织微血管灌注水平,图像信噪比高,伪影小。作为一种无辐射、无损伤、可重复性强的灌注成像方法,已广泛应用于脑血管及脑肿瘤微循环的评价中,但对脑血管次全闭塞患者研究相对较少。本研究应用双期相(PLD=1.5、2.5 s)3D-pCASL技术研究单侧MCA次全闭塞患者脑血管责任区血流量(cerebral blood flow,CBF)变化情况,以期更客观评价有症状和无症状患者脑血流灌注水平及血流储备状态的差异性,为临床治疗及预后观察提供依据。现将研究结果报道如下。
        1 资料与方法
        1.1 一般资料 前瞻性收集2018年7月-2019年10月本院收治的单侧大脑中动脉次全闭塞患者48例,纳入标准:(1)MRI提示单侧大脑中动脉重度狭窄(狭窄率≥75%)或次全闭塞;(2)所有患者行常规MRI检查、MRA及3D-pCASL扫描,DWI(B值=0、1 000 s/mm2)未见新近扩散受限高信号;(3)所有患者检查前未进行过任何临床治疗性干预。排除标准:(1)脑内肿瘤、炎症、血管畸形、脑外伤或脑出血患者;(2)有新近脑梗死、既往有较大面积脑梗死或脑软化灶者;(3)危重病患者,发热、有心脏起搏器及幽闭恐惧症等磁共振检查禁忌证患者。48例患者中男26例,女22例,年龄53~89岁,中位61岁;有症状者30例,定义为1个月内出现过眩晕、肢体乏力、记忆力减退及语言不利等临床症状;无症状组18例,定义为近1个月内未出现临床脑神经系统不适或脑血管事件。本研究经本院伦理委员会审查通过,患者或家属均签署知情同意书。
桂贤娣
        1.2 方法 应用美国GE signa 1.5T磁共振扫描仪,使用头颈联合8通道线圈(8HRBRAIN),患者仰卧检查床后保持静止状态,双手置于身体两侧,闭上眼睛,用棉球堵塞耳朵进行听力保护。扫描基线平行于胼胝体嘴部与压部下缘连线,自颅底扫描至颅顶。3D-pCASL扫描序列:PLD分别为1 525 ms、2 525 s,TR=4 361/5 326 ms,TE=10.5 ms,层厚24 mm,层数36,矩阵大小512×512,FOV=240 mm×240 mm,激励
次数为3,翻转角度62.5°,扫描时间分别为4 min 29 s、5 min 9 s。扫描结束后将所得原始图像传输至AW 4.7后处理工作站,应用Functool-ReadyView软件包自动生成全脑灌注CBF图(PLD=1.5、2.5 s),由兩名神经系统副主任医师对患侧及镜像对照侧基底节、岛叶及颞叶皮层CBF进行手动勾画测量,ROI为50 mm2,测量时避开脑沟、脑裂及软化灶,测量后取平均值作为该侧的CBF值,并计算患侧与镜像侧CBF比值,比值<0.9为低灌注,0.9~1.1为等灌注,>1.1为高灌注。
        1.3 统计学处理 所有数据应用SPSS 19.0软件包进行分析,计数资料以率(%)表示,比较采用字2检验;计量资料用(x±s)表示,组间比较采用t检验,组内比较采用配对t检验。以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
眼镜的简笔画
        2 结果
        2.1 两组患者一般资料比较 两组患者年龄、性别等一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性,见表1。36例MRA单侧大脑中动脉完全未见显示,12例单侧大脑中动脉仅M1段显示少许纤细高信号,13例中远段未见显示,远侧端见等信号血栓影,原始图像大脑皮层区脑沟内见纤细侧支循环建立。
        2.2 两组双期相PLD患侧及镜像侧责任区CBF值比较 症状组3D-pCASL灌注图患侧CBF值(PLD=1.5、2.5 s)均低于镜像侧,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);患侧、镜像侧(PLD=1.5 s)平均值分别为23.51、36.56 mL/(100 g·min),患侧、镜像侧(PLD=2.5 s)平均值分别为32.82、43.58 mL/(100 g·min),患侧与镜像侧CBF值(PLD=1.5、2.5 s)均值的比值分别为0.64、0.75,呈低灌注状态。无症状组3D-pCASL灌注图患侧CBF值(PLD=1.5、2.5 s)均低于镜像侧,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);患侧、镜像侧(PLD=1.5 s)平均值分别为39.38、49.68 mL/(100 g·min),患侧、镜像侧(PLD=2.5 s)平均值分别为46.98、54.56 mL/(100 g·min),患侧与镜像侧CBF值(PLD=1.5、2.5 s)均值的比值分别为0.79、0.86,呈低灌注状态。两组患侧测量区CBF值(PLD=1.5、2.5 s)比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。症状组与无症状组患者PLD=1.5 s时患侧和镜像侧的CBF值均低于PLD=2.5 s(P<0.05)。见表2。3例3D-pCASL(PLD=2.5 s)患侧颞叶皮层区CBF较对侧镜像区≥11.6%。6例患者患侧脑皮层和皮层下见ATA信号。随访3个月2例患者患侧出现急性脑卒中。

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