教学内容
一.Words
1. affect v. 影响;侵袭,使感染 affection n. 喜爱;affected adj. 假装的;做作的;
【拓展】be affected by被……侵袭;被……感动
He was much affected by the sad news. 这个悲惨的消息使他非常难过。
辨析:effect与affect
effect用作名词时,意为“影响,效果”,常用于have an effect on结构中;用作动词时,表示“引起,使发生”。
affect用作动词,意为“影响”,常表示消极的影响。
用effect,affect的适当形式填空
(1)New controls will e into effect next month.
(2)Parents’ words and actions will affect children greatly.
2. contain v. 包含,含有;容纳;控制,抑制 container n.容器;集装箱;货柜
The stadium is big enough to contain 100 thousand audience. 这个体育场足够大能容纳10万名观众。
I could not contain my laughter. 我控制不住笑出了声。
This drink doesn’幼儿园膳食t contain any alcohol. 这种饮料不含任何酒精。
辨析:contain,include与hold
contain通常用来指某种容器中盛有某物,装有某物,还指某种物质中含有某成分或含有其他物质。指作为组成部分而被“包含”或“容纳”在内。
include通常表示把某事物作为其中的一部分包含在内。在句中常构成分词短语sth. included或including sth.。
hold通常指有能力容纳,相当于contain,at。
The bottle contains olives. 瓶子里装着橄榄。
The meal includes steak. 这顿饭包括牛排。
3. appreciate v.
(1) 理解;意识到;领会
宝宝发烧了怎么办I don’t think you appreciate how expensive it will be. 我想你不会了解它会有多贵。
(2) 欣赏;重视
He appreciates your talents. 他很赏识你的才能。
(3) 感激,感谢
I would appreciate it if you lent me a hand. 如果你帮一下忙,我将不胜感激。
注意: appreciate后不接to do作宾语,但可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
appreciate 早稻田大学专业通常不用于进行时态中。
appreciate 作“感谢,感激”讲时,后接事或物作宾语(但thank后接人),但不能直接跟从句,必须先接形式宾语it,然后再接从句,构成I would appreciate it if…句型。类似的词还有:hate,love,like,dislike等。
辨析:appreciate与enjoy
易混词组 | 辨析 | 一言辨异 |
appreciate | “欣赏,赏识”,指对事物有深入的了解并能鉴赏 | The foreigner enjoys Beijing Opera very much, although he does not appreciate it. 这个外国人很爱听京剧,虽然他不理解它。 |
enjoy | “欣赏,喜爱”,强调从中可以得到乐趣 |
| | |
4. succeed v.
(1) 成功;(考试)及格合像水平仪
搭配:succeed in (doing) sth. 成功地做某事
He succeed in (passing) the entrance examination. 淘气的拼音他成功地通过了入学考试。
(2) 接替;继承;继任
搭配:succeed sb. (as) 接替某人(担任……);succeed to sth. 继承某物
He will succeed his father as manager of the shop. 他将接替父亲担任商店经理。
Who will succeed to the property? 谁将继承那笔财产。
5. decrea v. & n. increa n. 增加
(1) v. 降低,减少,(使)变小
搭配:decrea in 在……方面减少;decrea from…to 从……减少到……;decrea by 减少了……仙灵图谱
This species of bird is decreasing in numbers every year. 这种鸟的数量在逐年减少。
The number of new students decread from 1,200 to 900 this year. 今年新生人数从1200减少到900。
(2) n. 减少,减少的数量
搭配:(a/the) decrea in sth. 某物的减少;a sudden decrea in number 数目的急剧下降
There is s decrea of nearly 7% in the number of visitors to the muum. 参观博物馆的人数下降了将近7%。
6. loss n. 损失;遗失;丧失
He’ll try his best to make up for the loss. 他将尽最大努力弥补损失。
The loss of his wife was a great blow to him. 他妻子的去世对他是个很沉重的打击。
【拓展】the loss of 损失/丢失/输掉……;make up for the loss 弥补损失;at a loss 不知所措
7. hunt v. & n. hunter n. 猎人;追求者;hunting n. 打猎
(1) v. 打猎,狩猎
搭配:go hunting 去打猎
He spent the whole day hunting deer. 他一整天都在猎取鹿。
(2) v. 追寻
搭配:hunt for 搜索,追寻;hunt sb. for 为寻找……搜索某地
She is still hunting for a new job. 她还在找新工作。
I’ve hunted everywhere for my watch, but I can’t find it. 我到处找我的手表,但就是找不到。
(3) n. 狩猎,追寻
搭配:be on the hunt for 正在寻找;the hunt for 寻找……
He is still on the hunt for a better job. 他还在寻找一份更好的工作。
The hunt for Mary’s glass lasted one hour. 给玛丽找眼镜就找了一个小时。
8. respond v. respon n. 答复;反应
(1) 回答,应答
搭配:respond to 回答……,对……作出答复;respond that… 回答说……
She didn’t respond to my question. 她没有回答我的问题。
The doctor responded that he could not tell the name of her dia. 医生回答说他无法说出她的病名。
(2) 回应,回报
搭配:respond to…(with) (对……)报以……,(用……)回报……
He responded to my offer with a laugh. 他对我的提议报以大笑。
辨析:respond,answer与内控合规reply
易混词 | 泊组词语辨析 | 例句 |
respond | 指对他人的期望等在行动上作出反应,常与介词to连用,较正式 | How did they respond to the news? 他们对这则消息有什么反应? |
answer | 指用文字、语言或行动回答 | She answered with a smile. 她报以一笑。 |
reply | 指对他人的问题、要求所作的相应的答复,比answer正式,常与介词to连用 | It’s your turn to reply to the charges. 现在该轮到你对这些指控进行答辩了。 |
| | |
9. mercy n. 仁慈,宽容,怜悯
搭配:show mercy to sb. (= show sb. mercy) 同情、怜悯某人;have/take mercy on sb. 怜悯某人
beg for mercy 乞求宽恕
The judge showed no mercy to the drunk driver. = The judge had no mercy on the drunk driver. 法官对那个酒后驾车者好不宽容。
辨析:mercy与pity
易混词 | 辨析 | 例句 |
mercy | 指对自己有权力支配的人所表示的一种仁慈 | He showed no mercy to the prisoners. 他对囚犯好不宽容。 |
pity | 指对弱者和不幸者的苦难、不幸所给予的同情 | She looked at tho orphans with pity. 她用怜悯的眼光看着那些孤儿。 |
| | |
【拓展】at the mercy of 任……处置;任由……摆布;It’s a mercy (that) … 幸运的是……
It’s a mercy the accident happened so near the hospital. 幸亏事故发生在离医院很近的地方。
10. certain adj.
(1) 某个;某些(作前置定语)
The library’s only open at certain times of day. 这座图书馆只在一天的某些时段开放。