2003年9月四级试题
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are bad on the following passage.
A rectal study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get a lift from a teenage driver, Indeed, a 16-year-old driver with three or more pasngers is three times as likely to have a fatal accident as a teenager driving alone, By contrast, the risk of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreas with each additional pasnger.
The author also found that the death rates for teenage drivers incread dramatically after , and especially after midnight, With pasngers in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident. Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Rearch Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behavior” than with just a lack of driving experience.“The basic issue.” Be says, “is that adults who are responsible for issuing licens fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is.”
Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate (使…缓解)the problem is to have states institute so-called graduated licensing systems, in which getting a licen is a multistage process. A graduated licen requires that a teenager first prove himlf capable of driving in the prence of an adult, followed by a period of driving with night of massager restrictions, before graduating to full driving privileges.
Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashes, according to recent studies, About half of the states now have some sort of graduated licensing system in place, but only 10 of tho states have restrictions on pasngers, California is the strictest, with a novice (新手) driver prohibited from carrying any pasnger under 20(without the prence of an adult over 25)for the first six months.
21. Which of the following situations is most dangerous according to the passage?
A) Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after
B) A teenager driving after midnight with pasngers in the car.
C) Adults driving with three or more teenage pasngers late at night.
D) A teenager getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight.
22. According to Robert Foss. The high death rate of teenage drivers is mainly due to ______.
A) their frequent driving at night
B) their improper way of driving
C) their lack of driving experience
D) their driving with pasngers
23. According to Paragraph 3. which of the following statements is TRUE?
A) Teenagers should spend more time learning to drive.
B) Driving is a skill too complicated for teenagers to learn.
C) Restrictions should be impod on teenagers applying to take driving lessons.
D) The licensing authorities are partly responsible for teenagers' driving accidents.
24. A suggested measure to be taken to reduce teenagers' driving accidents is that ________ .
A) driving in the prence of an adult should be made a rule
B) they should be prohibited from taking on pasngers
C) they should not be allowed to drive after
D) the licensing system should be improved
25. The prent situation in about half of the states is that the graduated licensing system ________.
弟弟的英语怎么说
A) is under discussion
B) is about to be t up
C) has been put into effect
D) has been perfected
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are bad on the following passage.
If you know exactly what you want, the best route to a job is to get specialized training. A recent survey shows that companies the graduates in such fields as business and health care who can go to work immediately with very little on-the-job training.
succeeded
That's especially true of booing fields that are challenging for workers. At Cornell's School of Hotel Administration, for example, bachelor's degree graduates get an average of four or five jobs offers with salaries ranging
from the high teens to the low 20s and plenty of chances for rapid advancement. Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience.
But in the long run, too much specialization doesn't pay off. Business, which has been flooded with MBAs, no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval. The MBA may open doors and command a higher salary initially, but the impact of a degree washes out after five years.
As further evidence of the erosion (销蚀) of corporate (公司的) faith in specialized degrees, Michigan State’s Scheetz cites a pattern in corporate hiring practices, Although companies tend to take on spe
cialists as new hires, they often ek out generalists for middle and upper-level management. “They want someone who isn’t constrained (限制) by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture,”says Scheetz.
This sounds suspiciously like a formal statement that you approve of the liberal-arts graduate. Time and again labor-market analysts mention a need for talents that liberal-arts majors are assumed to have: writing and communication skills, organizational skills, open-mindedness and adaptability, and the ability to analyze and solve problems, David Birch claims he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree, “I hire only liberal-arts people becau they have a less-than-canned way of doing things,” says Birch. Liberal-arts means an academically thorough and strict program that includes literature, history, mathematics, economics, science, human behavior—plus a computer cour or two. With that under your belt, you can feel free to specialize, “A liberal-arts degree coupled with an MBA or some other technical training is a very good combination in the marketplace,” says Scheetz.
26. What kinds of people are in high demand on the job market?
A) Students with a bachelor's degree in humanities.
B) People with an MBA degree front top universities.
C) People with formal schooling plus work experience.
D) People with special training in engineering
怎么写自书遗嘱
27. By saying “…but the impact of a degree washes out after five years” (Line 3, Para, 3), the author means ________.
A) most MBA programs fail to provide students with a solid foundation
B) an MBA degree does not help promotion to managerial positions
C) MBA programs will not be as popular in five years' time as they are now
D) in five people will forget about the degree the MBA graduates have got
28. According to Scheetz's statement (Lines 4-5. Para. 4), companies prefer ________.
A) people who have a strategic mind
B) people who are talented in fine arts
C) people who are ambitious and aggressive
D) people who have received training in mechanics
29. David Birch claims that he only hires liberal-arts people becau ________.
A) they are more capable of handling changing situations
B) they can stick to established ways of solving problems
C) they are thoroughly trained in a variety of specialized fields
D) they have attended special programs in management
30. Which of the following statements does the author support?
A) Specialists are more expensive to hire than generalists.
B) Formal schooling is less important than job training.
C) On-the-job training is, in the long run, less costly.
D) Generalists will outdo specialists in management.
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are bad on the following passage.
About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table, I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked: "So, how have you been?" And the boy—who could not have been more than ven or eight years old —replied. "Frankly, I've been feeling a little depresd lately.''
This incident stuck in my mind becau it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were “depresd” until we were in high school.
The evidence of a change in children has incread steadily in recent years. Children don’t em childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they ud to. Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists, Why?办公用具
Human development is bad not only on innate (天生的) biological states, but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. Movement from one
social role to another usually involves learning the crets of the new status. Children have always been taught adult crets, but slowly and in stages: traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders. In the last 30 years. however, a cret-revelation (揭示) machine has been installed in 98 percent of American homes. It is called television, Television pass information, and indiscriminately (不加区分地), to all viewers alike, be they children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more vivid moving pictures.
Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access. Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practices. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials.
31. According to the author, feeling depresd is ________.
A) a sure sign of a psychological problem in a child
蓝色给人的感觉
B) something hardly to be expected in a young child
C) an inevitable has of children's mental development
D) a mental scale prent in all humans, including children
32. Traditionally, a child is suppod to learn about the adult world ________.
A) through contact with society
B) gradually and under guidance
C) naturally and by biological instinct
盖帽技巧
D)through exposure to social information
33. The phenomenon that today’s children em adultlike is attributed by the author to ________.
A) the widespread influence of television
B) the poor arrangement of teaching content
郝笛C) the fast pace of human intellectual development
D) the constantly rising standard of living
34. Why is the author in favor of communication through print for children?
A) It enables children to gain more social information.
心跳过快什么原因B) It develops children's interest in reading and writing.
C) It helps children to memorize and practice more.
D) It can control what children are to learn.
