高考总复习：主语从句及宾语从句
真题再现
1. (2016 高考北京卷)Your support is important to our work．________ you can do helps.
A．However B．Whoever ．Whatever D．Wherever
2. (2016 高考江苏卷)It is often the ca ______anything is possible for tho who hang on to hope．
A．why B艳丽的拼音．what C．as D．that
3. (2017 高考北京卷)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading.
A. why B. where C. how D. when
4. (2017 高考北京卷) Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in t
shrinkshe Kite Festival.
A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever
5. （2017 高考江苏卷）We choo this hotel becau the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _________ it ud to charge.
A. that B. which C. what D. how
6. （2017 高考江苏卷）He hurried home, never once looking back to e if he __________.
A. was being followed B. was following
C. had been followed D. followed
7. （2017 高考天津卷）She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
A. when B. where C. whether D. what
8.（2017 说明方法北京西城一模）It is entirely true _______ children learn more from people they like. So, try to be friends with them.
A. what B. why C. that D. how
9. （2017 北京西城一模）The results of the experiment turned out contrary to ______ was expected.
A. what B. which C. whom D. that
答案与解析
1.C；题目考查主语从句。helps是谓语，“________ you can do”是主语部分，即主语从句，在主语从句中，do后缺少宾语，表示“任何事情”，因此用whatever引导，故选C。
2. D；考查主语从句。句意：通常情况下，对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事实。该句是主语从句，句子的it是形式主语，故用that引导从句作真正的主语从句。
3. B。考查宾语从句。句意：Jane漫无目的地走在两旁栽树的街道上，不知道她将去往何
方，根据句意可知选B。
4.B。考查主语从句。句意：每年，任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。_____ makes the most beautiful kite是主语从句，根据意思可知答案。
5. C。考查宾语从句。“half of _________ it ud to charge”是$20的同位语，即原来价格的一半是现在的$20；另外，of后跟名词或名词短语构成介宾短语，所以，这里是宾语从句；宾语从句中的charge后面缺少宾语，所以用what来引导宾语从句，并充当宾语从句的宾语，故选C。
6. A 考查宾语从句和时态。分析句子成分可知，he和follow是被动关系，即他被别人跟踪，排除B、D；根据句意“在匆忙赶回家的路上，他从未回头看是否正被跟踪”，故用过去进行时最合适，故选A。
7. C。句意：他问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。A. 什么时候；B. 在哪里；C. central是否；D. 什么。根据句意，故选C。
8. C。考查主语从句。it作形式主语，真正的主语从句为______ children learn more from
people they like。从句部分陈述一个事实，用that引导。
9. A.本题考查宾语从句。介词to带宾语从句。在从句中缺主语，选用连接代词lainey louwhat。
知识讲解
主语从句和宾语从句的引导词
that和jupaswhat的区别
从句中缺少主语时，常用what引导，也可用which表示选择，用who/whom/whoever指人。what引导主语从句、宾语从句等名词性从句时，表示“所……的(东西)”，并且在从句中充当句子成分。而that作为从属连词，引导主语从句、宾语从句时，其本身没有实际意义，不充当句子成分。that引导主语从句时不省略，引导宾语从句时一般可以省略，但有些情况不可省略。
That fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.
It is pretty well understood what controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.
Leaving the less important things until tomorrow is often acceptable. （2016 高考新课标乙卷）有道在线翻译汉译英
Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and mass of color. （2016 高考新课标乙卷）
“I didn’t know what my New York friends were thinking.”（2016 高考新课标丙卷）
Rearchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication—e-mailsbeef什么意思，Web posts and reviews，face-to-face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative(消极的心疼的英文)，but that didn’t necessarily mean people preferred positive news. （2016 高考新课标丙卷）
He found that science amazed Times’ readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others. （2016 高考新课标丙卷）
“What I’m hoping to accomplish is that英汉词典在线 my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. （2017 高考新课标甲卷）
Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. （2017 高考新课标I卷）
He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it. （2017 高考新课标II卷）
if和whether的区别
主语从句(放在句首时)常由whether引导。作及物动词宾语时，用if/whether均可，但有区别；作介词宾语时只用whether；后面紧跟or not 时，只用whether。
Whether she will go home or not is unknown.
Whether we shall rai ducks or gee remains to be decided.
= It remains to be decided whether/if we shall rai ducks or gee.
但我们不能说If we shall rai ducks or gee remains to be decided.
He just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not．Chimps are truly lfish．（2016 高考江苏卷）
Dreaming about whether you would want to read minds，e through walls，or have superhuman strength may sound silly，but it actually gets to the heart of what really matters in your life．（2016 高考四川卷）
