第七条 碰撞危险 | Rule 7 Risk of collision |
１．每一船舶应用适合当时环境和情况的一切有效手段断定是否存在碰境危险，如有任何怀疑，则应认为存在这种危险。 | (a) Every vesl shall u all available means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions to determine if risk of collision exists. If there is any doubt such risk shall be deemed to exist. |
| new money ２．如装有雷达设备并可使用的话，则应正确予以使用，包括远距离扫瞄，以便获得碰撞危险的早期警报，并对探测到的物标进行雷达标绘或与其相当的系统观察。 身价百倍 | (b) Proper u shall be made of radar equipment if fitted and operational, including long-range scanning to obtain early warning of risk of collision and radar plotting or equivalent systematic obrvation of detected objects. |
| mandarin ３．不应根据不充分的资料，特别是不充分的雷达观测资料作出推断。 | (c) Assumptions shall not be made on the basis of scanty information, especially scanty radar information. | 青岛英语口语培训
４．在断定是否存在碰撞危险时，考虑的因素中应包括下列各点： | (d) In determining if risk of collision exists， the following considerations shall be among tho taken into account: |
（１）如果来船的罗经方位没有明显的变化，则应认为存在这种危险； | (i) such risk shall be deemed to exist if the compass bearing of an approaching vesl does not appreciably change, |
（２）即使有明显的方位变化，有时也可能存在这种危险，特别是在驶近一艘很大的船舶或拖带船组时，或是在近距离驶近他船时。 | (ii) Such risks may sometimes exist even when an appreciable bearing change is evident, particularly when approaching a very large vesl or a tow or when approaching a vesl at clo range. heartbeats是什么意思 |
第八条 避免碰撞的行动 | Rule 8 tempo是什么意思Action to avoid collision |
１．为避免碰撞所采取的任何行动，如当时环境许可，应是积极地，并应及早地进行和注意运用良好的船艺。 gentle是什么意思 | (a) Any action taken to avoid collision shall, if the circumstances of the ca admit, be positive, made in time and with due regard to the obrvance of good amanship.tablo |
２．为避免碰撞而作的航向和（或）航速的任何变动，如当时环境许可，应大得足以使他船用视觉或雷达观察时容易察觉到；应避免对航向和（或）航速作一连串的小变动。 | (b) Any alteration of cour and/or speed to avoid collision shall, if the circumstances of the ca admit, be large enough to be readily apparent to another vesl obrving visually or by radar; a succession of small alterations of cour and/or speed should be avoided. |
３．如有足够的水域，则单用转向可能是避免紧迫局面的最有效行动，倘若这种行动是及时的，大幅度的并且不致造成另一紧迫局面。 | (c) lf there is sufficient a room, alteration of cour alone may be the most effective action to avoid a clo-quarters situation provided that is made in good time, is substantial and does not result in another clo-quarters situation. |
４．为避免与船碰撞而采取的行动，应能导致在安全的距离驶过。应细心查核避让行动的有效性，直到最后驶过让清他船为止。 | (d) Action taken to avoid collision with another vesl shall be such as to result in passing at a safe distance. The effectiveness of the action shall be carefully checked until the other vesl is finally past and clear. |
５．如须避免碰撞或须留有更多时间来估计局面，船舶应当减速或者停止或倒转推进器把船停住。 | (e) If necessary to avoid collision or allow more time to asss the situation, a vesl shall slacken her speed or take all way off by stopping or reversing her means of propulsion. |
第十九条 船舶在能见度不良时的行动规则 | Rule 19 Conduct of vesls in restricted visibility |
１．本条适用于在能见度不良的水域中或在其附近航行时相互看不见的船舶。 | (a) This Rule applies to vesls not in sight of one another when navigating in or near an area of restricted visibility. |
２．每一船舶应以适应以适合当时能见度不良的环境和情况的安全航速行驶，机动船应将机器作好随时操纵的准备。 | (b) Every vesl shall proceed at a safe speed adapted to the prevailing circumstances and conditions of restricted visibility. A power-driven vesl shall have her engines ready for immediate maneuver. |
３．在遵守本章第一节各条时，每一船舶应适当考虑到当时能见度不良的环境和情况。 | (c) Every vesl shall have due regard to the prevailing circumstances and conditions of restricted visibility when complying with the Rules of Section I of this Part. |
４．一船仅凭雷达测到他船时，应判定是否正在形成紧迫局面和（或）存在着碰撞危险。若是如此，应及早地采取避让行动，这种行动如包括转向，则应尽可能避免如下各点：英语翻译在线 | (d) A vesl which detects (by radar alone) the prence of another vesl shall determine if a clo-quarters situation is developing and/or risk of collision exists. If so, she shall take avoiding action in ample time, provided that when such action consists of an alteration of cour, so far as possible the following shall be avoided: |
（１）除对被追越船外，对正横前的船舶采取向左转向； | (i) an alteration of cour to port for a vesl forward of the beam, other than for a vesl being overtaken; | resume
（２）对正横或正横后的船舶采取朝着它转向。 | (ii) an alteration of cour towards a vesl abeam or abaft the beam. |
５．除已断定不存在碰撞危险外，每一船舶当听到他船的雾号显示在本船正横以前，或者与正横以前的他船不能避免紧迫局面时，应将航速减到能维持其航向的最小速度。必要时，应把船完全停住，而且，无论如何，应极其谨慎地驾驶，直到碰撞危险过去为止。 | (e) Except where it has been determined that a risk of collision does not exist, every vesl which hears apparently forward of her beam the fog signal of another vesl, or which cannot avoid a clo-quarters situation with another vesl forward of her beam, shall reduce her speed to the minimum at which she can be kept on her cour. She shall if necessary take all her way off and in any event navigate with extreme caution until danger of collision is over. |
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