第八章第三节短语动词
第三节 短语动词
【名师导读】
出征的意思第一步学习目标：熟记初中范围内常见短语动词，记住“动词+副词”结构的短语，如果跟代词，必须在中间。
短语动词的结构由动词、介词、副词通过一定的结合而构成，主要有如下六种结构：动词+副词；动词+介词；动词+副词+介词；动词+名词+介词；be+形容词+介词；动词+名词。
【考点一】动词+副词
由“动词+副词”构成的短语，如果后接代词接宾语时，代词必须放在中间，这类词通常以on, off, up, down, away, out, back, over等结尾。常见的这类短语有：
1. cheer sb. up使…高兴起来
cheer sb. on为…加油 cmplayer
2. call off 取消
call sb. up= make sb. a call =ring sb. up
= phone/telephone sb. 打电话给…
3. cut off 切断，阻断
cut down 切倒，削减
4. get down 从...下来，写下
get off 下来，逃脱惩罚，下车
vaudeget on 骑上，登上，有进展，上车
get over 恢复，克服，解决
5. give up 放弃，停止，辞去
give away=donate 赠送；捐送
give back =return 归还
give in 认输，让步，屈服
give off 释放，放出
give out=hand out 分发
6. go down 下降，减少
go out 熄灭，过时
go over 检查，审查
go through 遭受，经历，检查，被通过
7. hand in 上交，递交
hand out=give out 分发，散发
hand on 把…传递下去
hand over 交出，移交
8. hang about/out 闲荡
9. pick up 拾起，搭乘
10. put on 穿上，上演 put out 伸出；熄灭
put off 推迟 put down 放下
put away 把…收好/放好
put up 挂起；举起；张贴；建造
11. t up 搭起，建立，创建，建造
t off 出发，动身
12. nd off 邮寄，发送 nd up 发
nd for sb. 派人去请某人
13. show up露面 show sb. around带…参观
日语等级考试报名14. take off 脱下；起飞
take away 减去、拿走、带走
take down 拆除,记下
take over 接管，借用
take up 开始从事，占据
15. think over 仔细考虑
think about 考虑 think of 认为
16. throw away 扔掉，抛弃，浪费
17. try on 试穿 try out 试验，试用
18. turn on 打开 turn off 关上
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turn up 调高 turn down 调低
19. find out 查明 break out 爆发
fill out/in 填写 work out 算出
carry out 执行 point out 指出
20. ll up 卖完 eat up 吃光
clean up 打扫 make up 构成
u up 用完，用光
look up 查(字典等)
build up 逐步建立，增强
dress up 盛装打扮
mix up 搅匀，混淆
fix up =mend =repair 修理
21. cut down 砍倒 get down 下来
let down 使失望 write down 写下
slow down 减速 copy down 抄下
22. blow away 吹走 blow out 吹熄
【考点二】 动词+介词
ask for 请求 break into 破门而入
get on 上车 get off 下车
look at 看 look like 看起来像
look for 寻找 look after 照顾
go over 复习 work on 从事
laugh at 嘲笑 shout at 朝（某人）吼
stand for 代表 die from/of 死于
care about 关心 depend on 依靠
believe in 信任 listen to 听
go through从…穿过 come across偶然碰到
care for 喜欢，照顾
look after=care for=take care of 照顾
begin/start with 以…开始
end with 以…结束
arrive in /at =get to =reach 到达
【考点三】 动词+副词+介词
do well in =be good at 擅长，在…方面好
look forward to 盼望
catch up with 赶上，超过
add up to 加起来，总共
catch up with 赶上
keep out of 使…不进入
go on with 继续
get along/on with 与…相处、进展
【考点四】 动词+名词+介词
pay attention to 注意
take part in 参加
make u of 利用
get rid of 处理掉
take the place of 代替
take pride in=be proud of 以…为荣
show interest in 对…表现出兴趣
【考点五】 be+形容词+介词
be fond of 喜欢
be afraid/terrified of 害怕
be famous for 以…出名
be famous as 作为…而出名
be proud of =take pride in 以…为荣
be sure about/of 对…有把握
be good for 对…有好处
be good at 擅长，在…方面好
be good/friendly /kind to 对…友好
blood and bone
be ready for 为…作好准备
be satisfied/plead with sb. 对…感到满意
be angry with sb. 对某人生气
be short for 是…的简称
be short of 短缺
【考点六】 动词+名词
take place 发生 keep watch 值班
lo heart 灰心 lo weight 减肥
do homework 做作业
【基础巩固 课堂练习】
第二步学习目标：能用所学基本知识解决以下问题。
I. 单项选择题。
( ) 1. China is very _____ the Great Wall and pandas.
A. famous as B. famous for
C. ready for D. ready to
( ) 2. He has failed veral times, but he won’t _____.
A. go on B. come on C. get up D. give up
( ) 3. The windows are broken and they can hardly _____ the cold now. They need to be repaired.
A. give out B. take out C. put out D. keep out
( ) 4. –What do you _____ my coat?finish的用法
--I think it’s very beautiful.
A. look at B. talk about
C. think of D. think about
( ) 5. The black leather shoes look very beautiful. Can I _______?
A. try it on B. try on it
C. try them on D. try on them
( ) 6. –Hi, Linda. We’re taking a walk. Would you like to _______?
---Great! Let’s go.
A. come on B. come out
C. come up D. come along
( ) 7. The stars _____ as soon as it was dark.
A. came down B. came in
C. came over D小册子英文. came out
( ) 8. He did badly in English. Let’s help him ____ some good ideas.
A. catch up with B.its是什么意思 come up with
C. come up D. come out
