2013年江苏D篇阅读理解解析
1.And he surely derves additional prai: the man who popularized the clever literary attack on racism. 他还值得这样一个额外赞美：一个使抨击种族主义的聪明文学变得流行的作家。
解析：popularize vt. 使通俗化; 宣传; 普及
popularize environmental protection knowledge 普及环保知识
the clever literary attack on racism 抨击种族主义的聪明文学 (相对于直接抨击种族主义的文学而言)
2.With minor exceptions, Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something el entirely. 有点不同的是，马克吐温把攻击奴隶制和种族歧视的观点融入到他的作品中，尽管这些故事表面上全是关于别的。
解析：with minor exceptions 有一点例外 plant sth into sth. 把…植入到…中
on the surface 从表面上看 be about something el 关于别的事
with the exception of = except; not including 除了…之外；不包括…在内
All his novels are t in Italy with the exception of his last one. 除了最后一部小说之外，他的其它小说全是以意大利为背景的。
3.Twain emed forced to deal with the challenge of race. 吐温好像不得不面临来自种族的挑战
em forced to do sth. 好像不得不做某事 forced adj. 被迫的；不得已的
4.Consider the most controversial, at least today, of Twain’s novels, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. 就拿他那至少从今天来看最具争议的《哈克贝利历险记》来说。
解析：consider =think about sth carefully 细想一下 the most controversial of Twain’s novels 马克吐温最具争议的一本小说
rumor5.Only a few books have been kicked off the shelves as often as Huckleberry Finn, Twain
’s most widely read tale. 只有少数几本书能像《哈克贝利历险记》那样，被人们经常从书架上拿出来阅读。这是吐温最受欢迎的书。
解析：kick off 原意指“踢开；踢掉”（remove someone from a team or group）
Joe was kicked off the committee for stealing funds. 乔因为偷窃资金被从委员会开除。
“开球；开始”=start What time shall we kick off? 我们什么时候开始？
kick the book off the shelf 把书从书架上拿下来
6.……becau it struck them as rude. 因为它给他们的印象是粗野。
解析：strike sb as sth. 给某人以…印象；让某人觉得…
How does the idea strike you? 你觉得这个主意怎么样？
She strikes me as a very efficient person. 在我眼里，她是一个很干练的人。
7.More recently the book has been attacked becau of the character of Jim, the escape
d slave, and many occurences of the word nigger. (The term Nigger Jim, for which the novel 咒愿is often verely criticized, never appears in it.) 最近，人们批评这本书，是因为里面有一个名叫吉姆的逃亡奴隶，还因为“黑鬼”这个词语出现的次数太多。(正是由于“黑鬼吉姆”这个词语，这本书不断受到人们的严厉批评，但这个词语在小说中从来没有出现过)
解析：and连接的是the character 和many occrences, 作becau of 的宾语
many occurrences of the word nigger “黑鬼”这个词语的多次出现
8.But the attacks were and are silly—and miss the point. 但是不管是过去还是现在对它的批评都是愚蠢的，而且没有抓住要点。prl
9.Jim’s 珉玉arch through the slave states for the family from whom he has been forcibly parted is heroic. 尽管吉姆被驱逐出他的家庭，他仍然努力地在各个蓄奴州寻找他的家人。
解析：be forcibly parted 被强行分开 forcibly adj. 强行地；强制地
The police threatened to have protestors forcibly removed .主顾 警察威胁要强行驱散抗议者。
part vt 使分开；使分离 I hate being parted from the children. 我不愿意与孩子们分开。
10.As J. Chadwick has pointed out, the character of Jim was a first in American fiction—a recognition that the slave had two personalities, “the voice of survival within a white slave culture and the voice of the individual: Jim, the father and the man.” J.Chadwick 指出，吉姆的形象在美国小说领域属于首创。这是对奴隶具有两种性格的肯定。“在白人奴隶文化里寻求生存的声音和个人主义的声音：吉姆，父亲和男人”
解析：that the slave had two personalities 是recognition的同位语。
11.There is much more. shoottothrillTwain’s mystery novel Pudd’nhead Wilson stood as a challenge to the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day. 更有甚者，吐温的悬疑小说《傻瓜威尔逊》是对当时许多自由主义者的种族观点的一种挑战。
解析：注意mystery novel 是“悬疑小说”，而非“神秘小说”（mysterious novel）。stand as a challenge to sth 是对…的挑战。the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day 当时许多自由主义者的种族观点。 liberal n 自由主义者
12.Written at a time when the accepted wisdom held Negroes to be inferior to whites, especially in intelligence, Twain’s tale centered in part around two babies不确定英文加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校 switched at birth.
在那个时代，人们认为，黑人比白人低等，尤其在智力上。吐温的故事部分讲述了两个自出生就被交换的婴儿的故事。
routemap
解析：the accepted wisdom 公认的看法 negro “黑鬼”，对黑人的蔑称
hold sth. to be sth.(常用被动语态) =consider sth. to be sth视…少年狄仁杰主题曲为…
The vas are held to be the finest examples of Greek art. 这些花瓶被视为最精美的希腊艺术代表作。
center around 围绕；以…为中心
13.The slave’s light-skinned child was taken to be white and grew up with both the attitudes and the education of the slave-holding class. 奴隶自己的浅肤色的孩子被当成白人对待，并且教育他，主张支持奴隶制。
解析：take sth. for/to be sth. 把…看做…；误以为
I took the man with him to be his father. 我误以为和他在一起的那个人是他的父亲。
with 表“具有”
14.The point was difficult to miss: nurture (养育), not nature, was the key to social status.
