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皮肤暗黄怎么办A SHORT HISTORY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE
1. thechapter是什么意思 Angles, Saxonsicann and Jutes were three tribes from Northern Europe.
2. English literature began with the Anglo-Saxon ttlement in England. It is Beowulf, the national epic of the English people.
3. Features of Beowulf 贝奥武普: the most striking feature in its poetical form is the u of alliteration头韵. （definition）In alliterative ver, certain accented words in a line begin with the same consonant sound. Other features of Beowulf are the u of metaphors and of understatements.
4. The French-speaking Normans under Duke William came in 1066.(the Norman Conquest)
5. The Romance 罗曼司---the most prevailing kind of literature in feudal England. It was a long composition, sometimes in pro, describing the life and a adventures of a noble hero.
Adventures of King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table
6. The Class Nature of the Romance
The theme of loyalty to king and lord was repeatedly emphasized in romance , as loyalty was the corner-stone of feudal morality, without which the whole structure of feudalism would collap.
They were compod for the noble, of the noble, and in most cas by the poets patronized by the noble.
7.the Ballads 民谣 The most important department of English folk literature is the ballad. A ballad is a story told in song; usually in 4-line, with the cond and fourth lines rhymed.
8. The Robin Hood Ballad --- the various ballads of Robin Hood are gathered into a collection called The Geste of Robin Hood.绿林好汉罗宾汉的故事
9. The founder of English poetry is unlockGeoffrey Chaucer. 乔叟
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The Canterbury Tales ---(1) a collection of 24 stories (2)clo links---stories are cloly connected to each other (3)stories into groups on different subjects -- story-tellers, from ranks, professions, religions (4)variation in form
三大著名教堂：Westminster Cathedral 西敏寺大教堂 Saint Pail’s Cathedral 圣保罗大教堂 Canterbury Cathedral 坎特布雷大教堂
10.The Renaissance and Humanism
The ri of the bourgeoisie soon showed its influence in the sphere of cultural life. The result is an intellectual movement known as the Renaissance, or, the rebirth of letters. It spang first in Italy in the 14th century and gradually spread all over Europe. Two features are striking of this movement. The one is a thirsting curiosity for the classical literature. Old manuscripts were dug out. There aro a current for the study of Greek and Latin authors. While people learned to admire the Greek and Latin works as models of literary form, they caught something in spirit very different from the medieval Catholic dogma. So the love of classics was but an expressio
n of the generation dissatisfaction at the Catholic and feudal ideas.
Another feature of the Renaissance is the keen interest in the activities of humanity. Humanism is the key-note of the Renaissance. Humanism reflected the new outlook of the rising bourgeois class. According to the humanists, both man and world are hindered only by external checks from infinite improvement. Man could mould the world according to his desires, and attain happiness by removing all external checks by the exerci of reason.
11.Edmund Spenr 斯宾塞
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The poet’s poet of the period was Edmund Spenr.jx2锄大地
The Faerie Queene : nationalism, humanism , puritanism
The Faerie Queene (definition)is written in a special ver form that consists of eight iambic pentameter lines followed by a ninth line of six iambic feet(an alexandrine), with the rhyme scheme ababbcbcc. This form has since been called the Spenrian Stanza.
12.Drama 戏剧: the Miracle Play 奇迹剧, The Morality Play 道德剧 , The Interlude 幕间剧, The Classical Drama 古典剧
12.Marlowe（马洛）’s best includes three of his plays, Tamburlaine 帖木耳(1587), The Jes of Malta马耳他的犹太人(1592), and Doctor Faustus浮士德博士(1588).
13.Social significance of Marlowe’s Plays:
The plays show, in various ways, the spirit of the rising bourgeoisie , its eager curiosity for knowledge, its towering pride, its insatiable, appetite for power whether that be won by military might, knowledge, or gold. In Tamburlaine, it is ambition; in Doctor Faustus, desire for knowledge; in The Jew of Malta, greed for wealth. They were typical images of the era of the primitive accumulation of capital.
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14.William Shakespeare莎士比亚 was born on April 23, 1564, died on April 23, the anniversary of his birth, in 1616.
A Chronological List of Shakespeare’s Plays: 四大悲剧
