⼈教版⼋年级英语下册unit1-unit3单元知识点归纳
Unit 1 What’s the matter知识点总结
I. 基本知识点
1. What’s the matter (with you)怎么了出什么事了
What’sthe trouble/ the problem / wrongwithsb./ sth.
2. I had a cold.我感冒了。
have a cold=catch a cold=have the fluhave a fevermike怎么读
许可证英文have a cough咳嗽have a stomachache胃疼，肚⼦疼
have a toothache⽛疼have a headache头疼
3.⾝体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词
stomach+ache=stomachachehead+ache=headachetooth+ache=toothache
back+ache=backache后背痛
4. much too+，意为，too much+，意为。
5. enough【形容、副词】⾜够的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。
good enough⾜够好，enough money=money money
6.lie down躺下，lie躺，躺着，过去式lay，过去分词
lie说谎，过去式lied，过去分词
lay ，过去式，过去分词
7. maybe“或许”，常⽤于句⾸，表⽰可能性，后加句⼦。Maybe you are right.
match pointmay be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.
8.sound like+名词、代词和从句：It sounds like you don’t know the truth.
sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.
9. need需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；
need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是⼈，表⽰⼈主动的动作：
You need to listen carefully during class.
need doing sth.主语通常是物，表⽰被动的动作：Your dirty clothes needwashing.
10. get off (the bus)下（公交车）get on上车
11. agree同意，赞同；同意做某事，同意某⼈的看法、观点。
have trouble/difficulty/problems (in) doing sth.
have trouble/difficulty/problems with sth.
13. right away=right now=at once，意为。
mc是什么意思14.【复习】advice[不可数名词]劝告，建议，向…征求意见，give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某⼈建议；advi [动词] advi do sth. advi doing
.
15.【复习】exerci动词意为，可数时意为，不可数时意为。
16. hurt及物动词，使……疼痛，……受伤，Hehurt his legwhile exercising.
不及物动词，……（部位）疼。His leg hurt badly.
17.clean【动词】，clean the classroom，【形容词】，cleaner意为。什么是最大公约数
18. hit（⽤⼿或器具）打；击打The boy hit the dog with a stone.
hit sb. on the head/ no/ back打某⼈的头、⿐⼦、后背，on⽤在所打较硬的部位；
hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach打某⼈的脸、眼睛、肚⼦，in⽤在所打较软的部位。
to sth./doing sth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事，强调状态；His grandpa was ud to country life.
Mary is not ud togettingup early in the morning.
get/ becomeud to sth./ doing sth.“变得习惯，逐渐适应……”强调过程、动作：It’s difficult for one to get ud to another country’s habit.
20.【复习】free [形容词]空闲的free time；免费的the drink is for free；⾃由的I want to become a free bird.
be free to do
free【动词】使……解脱，得到⾃由He could not free his arm.
free from
21. run out⽤完，⽤尽When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.
物sth. tun out.某物⽤尽了。⼈sb. run out of物sth..⼈⽤尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.
rados
22.risk sth to do sth.冒着...的风险去做某事take a risk=take risks冒险
risk doing ...=take the risk of doing ...
23. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性We students should know the importance of (learning) English. importancen.重要（性），importantadj.重要的，unimportantadj.
24.decision【名词】决定；抉择；make a decision to do sth.
decide
25. be in the control of …掌管，管理The headmaster is in the control of this new school.
be out of control⽆法控制，⽆法管理be under control被控制住，在控制之中
26.【复习】mind意为介意，Would you mind my opening the window
27. give up (doing) sth.放弃（做）某事，give up (playing) computer games；give up后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式，也可不接，如Never give up easily.
II. 重点短语
1. have a fever发烧凡人皆有一死
2. have a cough咳嗽
3. have a toothache⽛疼
4. talk too much说得太多
5. drink enough water喝⾜够的⽔
6. have a cold受凉；感冒
7. have a stomachache胃疼
8. have a sore back背疼9. have a sore throat喉咙痛
10. lie down and rest躺下来休息11. hot tea w ith honey加蜂蜜的热茶
12. e a dentist看⽛医13. get an X-ray拍X光⽚
14. take one’ s temperature量体温15. put some medicine on sth.在……上⾯敷药
16. feel very hot感到很热17. sound like听起来像18. all weekend整个周末
我爱家乡演讲稿
19. in the same way以同样的⽅式20. go to a doctor看医⽣21. go along沿着……⾛22. on the side of the road在马路边23. shout for help⼤声呼救
24. without thinking twice没有多想25. get off下车26. have a heart problem有⼼脏病27. to one’ s surpri使....... 惊讶的28. thanks to多亏了；由于29. in time及时30. save a/one’s life挽救⽣命lo on
e's life 31. get into trouble造成⿇烦
32. right away⽴刻；马上33. becau of由于34. get out of离开；从……出萍
培训35. hurt onelf受伤36. put a bandage on sth.⽤绷带包扎
37. fa ll down摔倒38. feel sick感到恶⼼39. have a nobleed流⿐⾎
40. cut his knee割伤他的膝盖41. put her head back把她的头向后仰
42. have problems breathing呼吸困难43. mountain climbing登⼭运动
44. be ud to doing sth.习惯做某事45. run out (of)⽤完;⽤尽
46. so that以便47. so. . . that如此… …以⾄于…
48. be in control of掌管；管理49. in a difficult situation在闲境⼬
50. keep on doing sth.继续或坚持做某事51. make a decision做出决定
52. take risks冒险53. give up放弃
III. 重点语法
【反⾝代词】英语中共有⼋个反⾝代词，在使⽤时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在⼈称、性别、数上保持⼀致。
【⽤法】
1.可⽤作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表⽰同⼀个或同⼀些的⼈或事物。
如：Maria bought herlf a scarf.
We must look after ourlves very well.
2.可⽤作表语，指的是表语和主语表⽰同⼀个或同⼀些⼈或事物。
如：She isn’t quite herlf today.
3.可⽤作主语或宾语的同位语，常⽤来加强语⽓。
如：She herlf will fly to London tomorrow.
I met the writer himlf last week.
4.⽤在某些固定短语当中。
如：look after onelf / take care of onelf照顾⾃⼰
teach onelf sth./ learn sth. by onelf⾃学enjoy onelf玩得⾼兴，过得愉快
help onelf to sth请⾃⽤……（随便吃/喝些……）. hurt onelf摔伤⾃⼰
say to onelf⾃⾔⾃语leave sb. by onelf把某⼈单独留下
buy onelf sth.给⾃⼰买……东西introduce onelf介绍……⾃⼰
【提醒】1.反⾝代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作⽤。如：我⾃⼰能完成作业。
（误）Mylf can finish my homework.
(正)I mylf can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework mylf.
2.反⾝代词表⽰“某⼈⾃⼰”不能表⽰“某⼈的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某⼈⾃⼰的（东西）”时，须要⽤one’s own.
如：我⽤我⾃⼰的蜡笔画画。（误）I’m drawing with mylf crayons.
(正)I’m drawing with my own crayons.
Unit2 单元总结
Ⅰ.词形
give--g a ve--give n come--c a me--c o me put--p u t--p u t
make--m a de--m a de
t--s e t--s e t break--broke--broken take--t oo k--take n
understand--underst oo d--underst oo d
strong--strong ly feel--feel ing own--own er able--dis able d--un able difficult--difficult y differen t--differen ce kind--kindness train--train ing--trainer Ⅱ.词组
1. clean up 清扫，打扫
2. cheer up（使）振作起来，⾼兴起来
3. put up张贴
4. call sb. up (= make a telephone call to sb.)给某⼈打电话
5. give out = hand out分发，发放
cos是什么6. give away捐赠；赠送
7. give up 放弃
8. tell sb. about/of sth告诉某⼈关于某事
9. in an after-school study program在课外辅导活动中10. make a plan = plan 制定计划11. from now (on)从现在起12. make some notices发通知，发布通告
13. come up with… 提出，想出14. in an old people’s home在敬⽼院
15. help out with …帮忙解决某事16. read the newspaper to the old people给⽼年⼈读报
17. tell me the stories about the past给我讲关于过去的故事
18. ud to do sth.过去常常做某事；曾经19. care for = take care of = look after 照顾，关爱20. one day（过去或将来的）某⼀天21. some day（将来）总有⼀天
22. get his future dream job得到他理想中的⼯作23. hard work艰苦的⼯作
24. work hard努⼒⼯作25. such a strong feeling of satisfaction如此强烈的满⾜感
26. get better康复27. the look of joy on their owner’s faces主⼈脸上快乐的表情
28. at the age of 在…岁时29. try out for…参加…选拔30. a dream come true梦想成真
31. at the same time 同时32. put off推迟，延期33. be busy with sth.忙于某事
34. be busy doing sth.忙于做某事35. worry about = be worried about担⼼…
36. make money = earn money赚钱37. rai money for…为…捐钱
38. in the free time在闲暇之余39. run out of ⽤完
40. take after = be similar to = look/be like 像…41. fix up修理，修缮
42. not … any more = no more不再43. write to sb. 给某⼈写信
44. feel/be lonely感到孤独45. a lonely village ⼀个偏僻的⼩乡村
46. travel alone (= by onelf = on one’s own) 独⾃旅⾏47. t up建⽴，创⽴
48. make it adj. for sb. to do sth. 使某⼈做某事…49. disabled people残疾⼈
50. make a big difference to …对…有很⼤影响51. make no difference to 对…没有影响
52. answer the telephone 接电话
53. a friend of mine = one of my friends我的⼀个朋友（双重所有格）
54. be excited about…对…感到兴奋55. at once = right away= ⽴刻，马上
56. nd sb. sth = nd sth. to sb. 寄（送）给某⼈某物57. best wishes 衷⼼的祝福
58. be strong in = do well in = be good at擅长做某事
59. work out fine产⽣好的结果；成功
60. in need 有需要地61. decide to do 决定做某事62. volunteer to do 义务做某事
重要语⾔点
1. not only … but (also) …不但…⽽且…⽤来连接两个并列的成分
(1)引导以not only …but (also)…开头的句⼦往往引起部分倒装。
因此⑴Not only do I feel good but (also)….是倒装句。也是说得要把前⾯的句⼦中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前⾯。如：
①Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best.我不仅能做到⽽且做得最好。
⑵Not only…but (also)…接两主语时，谓语动词随后⾯的主语⼈称和数的变化也就是就近原则如：
①Not only Lily but (also) you like cat.不仅莉莉⽽且你也喜欢猫。
②Not onl y you but (also) Lily likes cat.不仅你⽽且莉莉喜欢猫。
常见的就近原则的结构有：
①Neither… nor…即不…也不… (两者都不)Neither you nor I like him.
②Either… or…不是…就是… (两者中的⼀个)Either Lily or you are a student.
③Not only …but (also)…
④There/Here be
⑤... or...
2. join参加(指参加团体、组织)如：join the Party⼊党
take part in参加(指参加活动)如：take part in sports meeting参加运动会
3. run out与run out of
①run out (become ud up).其主语往往为物。如时间，⾷物，⾦钱，油等，本
⾝就含有被动意义。
His money soon ran out.他的钱很快就花光了。
