专业英语四级（阅读）-试卷156
(总分：30.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、 READING COMPREHENSION(总题数：11，分数：30.00)
1.PART V READING COMPREHENSION
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解析：
2.美白护肤方法SECTION AIn this ction there are veral passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choo the one that you think is the best answer.
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解析：
华裔英文
Americans often say that there are only two things a person can be sure of in life: death and taxes. Americans do not have a corner on the " death" market, but many people feel that the United States leads the world with the most taxes. Taxes consist of the money which people pay to support their government. There are generally three levels of government in the United States: federal, state, and city; therefore, there are three types of taxes. Salaried people who earn more than a few thousand dollars must pay a certain percen-tage of their salaries to the federal government. The percentage varies from person to person. It depends on their salaries. The federal government has a graduated income tax, that is, the percentage of the tax(14 to 70 percent)increas as a person's income increas. With the high cost of taxes, people are not very happy on April 15, when the federal taxes are due. The cond tax is for the state government; New York, California, North Dakota, or any of the other forty-ven states. Some states have an income tax similar to that of the federal government. Of cour, the percentage for the state tax is lower. Other states have a sales tax, which is a percentage charged to any item which you buy in that state. For example, a person might want to buy a packet of cigunhappy
arettes for twenty-five cents. If there is a sales tax of eight percent in that state, then the cost of the cigarettes is twenty-ven cents. This figure includes the sales tax. Some states u income tax in addition to sales tax to rai their revenues. The state tax laws are diver and confusing. The third tax is for the city. This tax comes in two forms: property tax(people who own a home have to pay taxes on it)and exci tax, which is charged on cars in a city. The cities u the funds for education, police and fire departments, public works and municipal buildings. Since Americans pay such high taxes, they often feel that they are working one day each week just to pay their taxes. People always complain about taxes. They often protest that the government us their tax dollars in the wrong way. They say that it spends too much on uless and impractical programs. Although Americans have different views on many issues, they tend to agree on one subject; taxes are too high.（分数：6.00）
(1).What does the ntence "Americans do not have a corner on the ' death' market" in Paragraph 1 mean?（分数：2.00）
A.Americans cannot monopolize the "death" market. √
B.Americans do not have a cret place to keep from death in their life.
C.Americans are not good at doing business in the "death" market.
D.There is no such a place as a "death" market in the U. S.
解析：
(2).Which of the following is CORRECT about the percentage of the federal tax and the state tax?（分数：2.00）
A.They have the same percentage.
B.The percentage of the state tax is higher than that of the federal tax.
服务员英文怎么写 C.The percentage of the federal tax is higher than that of the state tax. √
D.It is not mentioned in the passage.
解析：
(3).Which of the following usages of the taxes is NOT mentioned in the passage?（分数：2.00）
A.For raising their revenues.
B.For public works and municipal buildings.
C.For police and fire departments.
D.For sustaining development. √
解析：
According to the American College Health Association's most recent annual national survey, 30 percent of college students reported feeling "so depresd that it was difficult to function" at some time over the past year. Nearly three fourths of respondents in a 2011 National Alliance on Mental Illness study of college students diagnod with mental health conditions said they experienced a mental health crisis while in school. The Americ
ans with Disabilities Act(ADA)and other federal disability laws prohibit discrimination against students who psychiatric(精神病的)disabilities "substantially limit a major life activity" and mandates that colleges and universities provide them with "reasonable accommodations"—such as lower cour loads and extended deadlines. Despite that very clearly stated law, dozens of current students across the country told Newsweek they were punished for eking help: kicked out of campus housing with nowhere el to go, abruptly forced to withdraw from school and even involuntarily committed to psychiatric wards. "Colleges are very accustomed to accommodating learning and physical disabilities, but they don't understand simple ways of accommodating mental health disabilities, " says Professor Peter Lake, an expert on higher education law and policy who es widespread fear and reluctance across the board to "promote diversity that encompass mental disabilities and mood disorders." Lake often tells skeptics about a man who suffered from clinical depression and constantly talked about suicide: His name was Abraham Lincoln. "We don't want to remove the people, " Lake says. "We want to expand the definition of diversity to make sure they're included." Most lifetimfantastic
e cas of mental health conditions begin by the age of 24, and thanks to a variety of factors, including rising antidepressant(抗抑郁药)prescription rates and stigma reduction efforts, college students are more and more likely to ask campus counlors for assistance. The number of students eking counling for "vere" psychological problems jumped from 16 percent in 2000 to 39 percent in 2012; the percentage of students who report suicidal thoughts has rin along with it. "Schools should encourage students to ek treatment. But a lot of policies I e involve excessive u of discipline and involuntary leaves of abnce, and they discourage students from asking for the help they need, " says Karen Bower, a private attorney who specializes in disability discrimination cas in higher education. "Ultimately, that makes the campus less safe. " Two large-scale studies found that around 10 percent of college student respondents had thought about suicide in the past year, but only 1. 5 percent admitted to having made a suicide attempt. Combined with data from other studies, that suggests that the odds that a student with suicidal thoughts will actually commit suicide are 1 , 000 to 1. "Thus, policies that impo restrictions on students who manifest suicidal thought will sweep in 9
99 students who would not commit suicide for every student who will end his or her life, " Paul S. Appelbaum writes in Law & Psychiatry: "Depresd? Get Out!" "Colleges don't want people who are suicidal around, so what's suppod to happen to them?" says Ira Burnim, legal director of the DC Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law. "We're going to lock them in a bomb shelter?" Kicking students off campus for mental health issues typically does more harm than good by isolating them from their support systems when what they really need is stability and empathy, he says. Moreover, it's often a completely unnecessary overreaction.（分数：6.00）
(1).Students with mental disabilities might be punished in the following ways EXCEPT______.（分数：2.00）
&ing out of campus dorms
B.dropping out of schools
C.staying in psychiatric wards
生活大爆炸第五季多少集
resignation D.prolonging academic years √
解析：
(2).Increasing college students turn to professional counlors for help becau______.（分数：2.00）
&at efforts have been made to weaken the feeling of disgrace √
B.it is encouraged to decrea the do of medicine
C.it is more economical for students without income
逃亡乐队&al health conditions become more vere than before
平安夜英文解析：解析：细节题。根据第三段第一句可知，多亏一些因素，包括抗抑郁处方受众率的提高及减少歧视的努力，大学生越来越愿意向咨询师寻求帮助，故选[A]，同时排除[B]。[C]和[D]均未提及，故可排除。
(3).According to Paragraph 5, it can be concluded that______.（分数：2.00）
A.suicide should be taken as the most rious issue
B.10% of the students have made a suicide attemptplasticsurgery
&st of the students with suicidal thought will never do it √
D.schools should impo vere restrictions on the suicide issue
解析：解析：推理题。第五段第二句提到，与其他的研究数据结合起来看，这一差距说明，在有过自杀想法的人中，只有千分之一的人最终自杀了，故选[C]。[A]在文中并未提及，故排除；根据第五段第一句可知，有大约10％的大学生受访者曾想过自杀，同时，仅有1．5％的人坦然承认曾有过自杀的尝试，故排除[B]；[D]在文中并未提及，故排除。
Conrvative commentator Charles Krauthammer's new book is flying off the shelves—and nobody knows exactly why. Sitting atop the New York Times nonfiction bestller list for two months now, the conrvative Washington Post columnist's Things That Matter: Three Decades of Passions, Pastimes and Politics, a collection of his writings, is not the kind of fiery, rash conrvative commentary that generally climbs to the top of the bestll
ers' lists. And yet, the collection has sold enough to make publicists and pundits(时事评论员，)alike scratch their heads. It is, as conrvative publisher Adam Bellow told Newsweek, "a phenomenon". Published October 22 by Crown Forum, a Random Hou imprint that specializes in conrvative authors, it first hit the Times bestller list in November. Within two weeks, it had surpasd the latest works of conrvatives Glenn Beck and Fox News's Bill O'Reilly and Brian Kilmeade to climb to No. 1. And there it remains. It ranks No. 8 on Amazon's list of best-lling books of 2013. According Nieln, the book has sold 601, 000 hardcover copies in the United States alone. Crown says Things That Matter is in its 18th printing, with 970, 000 copies in print. "Was I surprid? I was surprid, " said Bellow, who runs HarperCollins's conrvative imprint Broadside Books. "The collective wisdom in publishing is that anthology(选集)collections don't ll. " The Krauthammer compendium(概略)appears to be surfing a particularly vicious wave. The conrvative publishing industry has flourished in recent years and books by conrvative authors routinely make the bestllers' lists. But few books ll as many as Krauthammer's, particularly anthologies of previously published work. "Anything at that le
vel is largely rendipitous, " Bellow said. Success, it ems, begets even more success. "Once a book becomes number one on the best ller list, it functions as a form of advertising, " Bellow explained. " More copies are stocked at Barnes & Noble. When consumers walk into the store, they e big piles of them and, like in some experiment created by B. F. Skinner(the American psychologist who argued that free will is an illusion), they reach out and buy it." But when you get to the heady level Krauthammer has reached, it begins to look as if it is far more than just the marketing machine at work. And there are almost as many theories about Krauthammer's success as books sold. How you feel about the book's popularity largely depends on how you view the author. To many, Krauthammer is a thinking conrvative, in contrast to the bluster of the modern-day Tea Party and quick-fire figures like Rush Limbaugh and Glenn Beck. To tho who are trying to make n of the ri of the conrvative movement, Krauthammer's success is a triumph for temperate, smart conrvatism. Americans thirsty for a subtle, intellectual debate are buying his book in droves.（分数：4.00）
