始驾州参艰市线练学校BOOK 9 Unit3 Australia
目标认知
词汇：associate, adequate, defence, tolerate, out of respect,
rervation, correspond, owe, desperate, shrink
句型：副词置于句首的用法
embedded 语 法： 表语
精讲巧练fineday
词汇
associate
【原句回放】 Which of the pictures below do you associate with the following places in Australia? (P21)
【】associate vt. to form a connection in your mind between different people or things 意为“把...联系起来；, 加入”，常与with连用，短语：be associated with 与…相关联，
如：What do you associate with such a heavy snow?
havebeendoing His social problems were associated with heavy drinking.
【拓展】association n. 表示“联系，关系；联盟”，in association with 表示“在…的帮助下”
如：Smoking has a clo association with the lung cancer.
The exhibition was organized by the school in association with local artists.
【随时练】They are building the dam in ______ with the local officials and farmers.
A. companies B. association C. touch D. tune
Key: B
adequate
【原句回放】It’s a mainly dry country with only a few coastal areas that have adequate rainfall to support a large population. (P22)
【】adequate adj. good enough or large enough for a particular purpo意为“足够的，恰当的；可以胜任的”，后跟 for sth或to do sth.
如：Adequate measures must be taken to prevent the chickens against Bird flu.
We took adequate food for the holiday.
The supply is not adequate to the demand.
【拓展】adequacy n. 表示“足够，胜任”， inadequate adj. “不充分的，不够好的”，
如：We are trying to provide basic education with inadequate resources.
The statistics show the total inadequacy of the prent oil rerves（油量储备）.
【随时练】I hope I will not be called on in class as I’m not yet _______ prepared.
A. attentively B. readily C. actively D. adequately
Key: Dpaladin
defence
【原句回放】However, Australia has a federal government responsible for matters that affect people all over the country, such as defence, foreign policy and taxation. (P22)
【】defence n. the system of weapons, equipment and people that is ud to protect a country. 意为“防御，; 辩护”，短语：in defence of 保卫; 捍卫 为...辩护，
如：Huge amounts of government money are spent on defence.
As we all know, the Great Wall was built as a defence against invaders.
The spokesman responded with a strong defence of the government’s policy.
【拓展】defend vt. 保卫；防护; 为...辩护，defendant 表示“被告”
如：You have a right to defend yourlf if you are being attacked.
The accud man had a lawyer to defend him.
【随时练】We shall ______ our island without hesitation, whatever the cost may be.
A. defend B. protect C. guard D. prevent
Key: A
tolerance
【原句回放】Australia Day celebrations that include people from so many birthplaces are an excellent way to encourage tolerance, respect and friendship among all the people of Australia. (P22)
【】tolerance n. the attitude of someone who is willing to accept others’ beliefs 意为“容忍，宽容；忍耐力”，与stand同义， show tolerance to/towards sb.表示“对某人宽容”
如：We need to show greater tolerance of each other.
Generally, Children have a very low tolerance to hot weather.
【拓展】tolerate vt. 容忍; 宽容，tolerate sb. doing sth 表示“容忍某人做某事”
如：I can't tolerate your bad manners any longer.
He won’t tolerate anyone questioning his decision.
【随时练】Some old people don’t like pop songs becau they can’t _______ so much noi.
A. resist B. sustain C. tolerate D. undergo
Key: C
out of respect
【原句回放】It is also possible to climb the rock, but most people don’t do this out of respect for the Aboriginal people…(P23)
【】out of respect 相当于becau of respect,意为“出于尊敬”, 类似的短语有：out of interest/ pity 表示“出于兴趣/同情”，
如：Out of respect for the wishes of her family, the affair was not reported in newspaper.
I went along to watch the ceremony, more out of curiosity than anything el.
【拓展】区别in/with respect to 表示“关于，至于”，in this respect 表示“在这方面”，show respect for sb. 尊敬某人，
如：The two groups are very similar with respect to age.
in this respect we are not different from other people.吸血鬼日记第四季第七集
【随时练】The two friends said goodbye and went to their _________ homes.
A. respective B. respectable C. respected D. respectful
Key: A
ted演讲集
rervation
【原句回放】I’ll be back in Sydney in a fortnight becau I’ve made a rervation on the Indian Pacific train to Perth.(P23)
【】rervation n. an arrangement by which something such as a room or a ticket is kept for you to u later 意为“预，保留”，短语：make a rervation座, 房间；without rervation直率地, 坦白地，
如：If you want to go to the concert, you'll have to make a rervation, or there will be
no tickets.
I accept your statement without rervation.
【拓展】rerve vt.表示“保留；预订”， rerve sth for sb. “为某人保留某物”,
如：I have rerved a room for you at the hotel.
I’ll rerve my judgment until I’ve looked at the details of the ca.
【随时练】We’d like to ______ a table for five for dinner this Sunday.
A. prerve B. rerve C. rve D. sustain
Key: B
correspond
【原句回放】We know a lot about the early years of European ttlement becau most migrants corresponded with their families at home…(P25)
【】correspond vi. to be the same as something el or very much like it,意为“相符合，相一致”，也表示“通讯”常与with连用，
如：The goods don't correspond with my order.
The American Congress corresponds to the British Parliament.
His actions do not correspond with his words.
【拓展】correspondence n. 表示“联系，通信”，corresponding adj. 表示“相的，类似的”，
如：There is a definite correspondence between the death rate of infants and poverty.
The rvice did better and correspondingly more expensive.
【随时练】Paul and Kate corresponded _______ each other once a week.
A. of B. with C. for D. as
Key: B
owe
【原句回放】The early ttlers owed their survival to hard work and determination to succeed. (P25)
【】 owe vt. to feel grateful to or to be in debt to sb. for stn. 表示“感激，欠；（常与to连
用）归功于”
如：Tell me how much I owe and I will give it to you.
The young writer owed his success to his teacher's encouragement.
【拓展】短语owing to 表示“由于，因为”，想当于becau of , thanks to, due to ，
如：Their failure was due to a lack of care and attention.
Owing to the rising cost of fuel, more people prefer to u public transport.
【随时练】_________ the wi leadership of our Party, we have made great achievements during the last two decades.
A. Owing to B. Due to C. In spite of D. Despite
Key: A
英语童谣
desperate
【原句回放】The authorities, being desperate, incread the height of the fence again and again and it was over forty metres high. (P26)
【】desperate adj. very worried and angry becau you don’t know how to deal with an
unpleasant situation 意为“绝望的，不顾一切的”, 还表示“极需要的”,短语：be desperate to do /for sth. 表示“急切想做某事”
如：The missing man’s family are getting increasing desperate.
In a desperate attempt to escape, he killed the guard.
The man lost in the dert was desperate for water.laken
【拓展】desperately adv. 表示“绝望地， 非常”相当于in desperation ,
如：In desperation I phoned the hospitals in ca there are any good news.
John desperately wanted to be admitted into the key university.
【随时练】They are trapped in the mountains and they are desperate _______ help.
A. on B. for C. with D. in
Key: B
时态shrink
【原句回放】The meat ems to be shrinking!(P26)
【】shrink vi. becoming smaller in amount or size,意为“收缩，缩小”,与from连用时表示“
回避，逃避”
如：The dress shrank when I washed it.
As the environment changes, numbers of butterflies are shrinking rapidly.
He shrank from telling his crets to anyone.
【拓展】shrinkage n. 表示“缩小，收缩”
如：Expect some shrinkage when you wash this coat for the first time.
【随时练】As the policeman moved threatening forward the thief ______ back from him.empty是什么意思
A. shrank B. ro C. lengthened D. widened
Key: A
talk …into
【原句回放】Do you think by the end of the conversation, Bob has talked Wei Ping into going camping. (P26)
【】talk sb. into doing sth. 表示“说服某人做某事”，相当于persuade sb. to do sth,其反义
词talk sb. out of doing sth.
如：I talked my old father into giving up smoking.
His parents talked her out of going out on such a heavy rain day.
【拓展】相关短语：talk about 谈论； talk of 说到，谈及; talk round 说服； talk through 向…详细解释； talk over 讨论，谈论；
如：Oh yes, talking of Harry, have you en him recently?
He talked me through the whole process of producing newspapers.
I know you are still angry; let’s talk it over tonight.
【随时练】American women usually identify their best friend as someone _______ they can talk frequently.
A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom
Key: D
句型
副词置于句首修饰句子
【原句回放1】Luckily，the poison of most snakes can kill or paralyze only small creatures. (P27)
【原句回放2】Similarly, in the past three years there have been only two reported deaths from crocodile attacks. ( P28)
【】有些副词置于句首修饰整个句子，并用逗号与全句分开，有的副词可以和enough 连用，常见的有：
①表示说话者的见解：fortunately（幸运地），happily（幸运地），luckily（真是运气好），unfortunately（不幸地），foolishly（真笨），wily（真聪明），naturally（自然地），safely（安全地），etc．
②表示确实性：certainly（当然），apparently（明显地），clearly（清楚地），perhaps（maybe）（或许），surely（必地），probably（可能地），etc．
③表示说话者的心情、立场、观点：frankly（坦白说），honestly（老实说），personally（就个人而言），etc．
另外，副词可用于句首，也可用于句末，用来连接上下文，如however, besides, nevertheless, though, still 。其后往往用逗号隔开。
【链接高考】
【考例1】Two middle-aged pasngers fell into the a. _____, neither of them could swim.
A. In fact B. Luckily C. Unfortunately D. Naturally
【答案与解析】选C。“他们两人都不会游泳”这对他们来说这是不幸的，所以用unfortunately.
【考例2】 I don’t mind picking up your things from the store. ______, the walk will do me good.
A. Sooner or later B. Still C. In time D. Besides
【答案与解析】选D。 besides 表示“此外， 还有”，句意是：我不介意给你稍东西，除此之外，走路对我有好处。A和C都有“迟早”的意思；B项表示“虽然如此”。
【考例3】 _______, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and
careless.
A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely
C. Strange enough D. Enough strange
【答案与解析】选A。Strangely enough表示“足够奇怪的是”放在句首修饰整个句子。
写作进行时
