专题06河北省中考词语运用-2019年河北省中考英语备考：各种题型解读及方法技巧
2019年河北省中考备考：各种题型解读及方法技巧
专题六: 词语运用
一、河北省词语运用试题特点：
河北省从2017年开始在短文中考查词汇运用，其中题型包括用所给单词的适当形式填空、根据首字母补全单词和盲填。词汇题主要考查考生在特定的语境中对词汇的灵活运用能力。做好词汇题，除了熟记单词，强化单词拼写外，掌握其解题方法和技巧也很重要。做这类题时，首先要仔细阅读短文和句子，且要读完整个句子，正确理解句意，分析所填词充当的句子成分，正确判断所填词的词性；其次还要判断所填词的正确词形；最后做检查。下面结合中考常考知识点为大家讲解一下解题技巧，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
二、解题技巧：
1. 词性变换类：
（1）名词的考查：一般来说，在复习名词时除了要注意其单复数、可数与不可数以及所有格形式之外，还应该注意一些特殊名词（如表示月份、星期的词）、复数形式有特殊变化的名词(如child →children，deer →deer等)及名词所有格的特殊构成方式等。
merits（2）动词及动词短语的考查：做此类题时，应注意人称、数、时态、语态及非谓语动词形式。
organic tea（3）数词的考查：考查数词时，应根据句意判断是填基数词、序数词还是数词特殊用法。同学们要特殊记忆那些不规则变化的序数词以及分数的表达。
sweater的音标（4）代词的考查：考查代词时，要根据所填单词在句子中所作的成分判断是主格还是宾格，是名词性物主代词、形容词性物主代词还是反身代词等。
（5）形容词和副词的考查：考查形容词和副词时，往往会考查它们的基本用法、形容词或副词的比较级和最高级、形容词或副词同其他词类之间的转换。
（6）固定搭配的考查：英语中有大量固定搭配，对它们的考查重点是固定短语和习语以及词组中动词、形容词或副词的变形。学+科网
2. 根据首字母提示填空类：
（1）通读全文，了解文章的主要意思。短文中的某些句子中虽然有一些单词未知，但是不影响你对句子和整篇文章的理解。在初步阅读时，可以跳过空格，尽可能捕捉空格前后句所提供的信息，以及语法结构方面的提示，有助于下一步分析和判断。
（2）再读设空的句子，理清脉络。在了解了文章的大意后，可以先把适当形式的题目填好，减少空格对阅
读造成的障碍。接下来聚焦在含有首字母的几个句子中，用已知信息去获取未知信息，以便初步确定空格处单词的含义，再仔细推敲首字母带来的信息点，选用哪个单词更合适。人力资源部岗位职责
（3）利用上下文语境，推断所缺词汇，再结合所学过的知识，分析句子中所缺成分，从而确定所填词性，再根据时态、语法规则来判断所填词的正确形式。
3. 针对盲填，可以采取以下方法：
盲填部分一般让学生填虚词，河北省中考一般设空填的是冠词、连词、介词、固定短语或搭配。
（1）冠词：根据语境如果设空后面的名词表示单数概念，且该空表示泛指或特指，则考虑用冠词。表示泛指用不定冠词a或an，a用在以辅音音素开头的棵树可数名词单数前，an用在以元音音素开头的可数名词单数前。表示特指应该用定冠词the。其次还有一些固定搭配选择冠词，如twice a week等。
（2）连词：判断短文中的两个句子，如果两个简单句之间是并列、转折、选择、因果关系，则考虑用并列连词；如果两个简单句之间是假设、让步关系，则考虑用从属连词。
（3）介词：对于介词的考查，一般在固定搭配或介词短语中考查。
（4）固定短语或搭配：短文中设空的前后会有相应的提示信息，学生根据所学的知识进行综合分析，填写出正确的固定短语。
【例题】根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词。
拍马屁的话I’m John. I’m in Grade Eight 1. a________ Rocky Mountain High School. Every 2. M________，I go to the Buddy Club. In the club, older students help new students learn more about the school. My friend Sam is in the 73. ________ (ten) grade. He often listen
s 4. ________ (careful) to my problems. He always offers 75. ________ (I) some help. He is a hero in my heart.
We have different 6. ________ (class) every day. On Friday afternoon, our school ends 77. ________ (early) than usual. My friends 8. ________ I often go to the Science Club together. Twice 9. ________ week, we write robot programmes after school. We love making things, so we practice hard each time. Our team 10. ________ (win) two competitions last term. We were very happy.
【解析与答案】：
1.at【解析】介词表地点。句意：我叫John，我在岩山中学的八年级。学校前面的介词可以用in或at，根据首字母提示，故填at。
2.Monday【解析】时间名词。句意：每逢周一，我去小伙伴俱乐部。根据语境和首字母提示可知填星期一。
3.tenth【解析】基数词变序数词。句意：我的好朋友Sam在十年级。十年级可用“Grade Te
n”或“the tenth grade”表示，故填tenth。
阉人9.a/every【解析】盲填。句意：每周两次。根据频率的表示可知。
10.won【解析】动词变过去式。句意：我们队上学期赢了两场比赛。因事情发生在过去，故变为过去时态。
【真题练习】
（2018年河北省中考真题）根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词。圣诞节英语怎么写
June 15，2018
This morning I took a bus to school. The traffic was 1. ________ (busy) than usual and there were more people on the bus. At Xinhua Stop, I saw 2. ________ old man get on the bus. He looked very weak. I stood 3. ________ and gave my at to him. He thanked me and asked me about my name and my school. We talked 4. ________ (happy).
Later in the 5. ________ (three) class, Mr. Du came in and asked me to go to the front. I didn’t know 6. w________, so I was a little afraid. Everyone was looking at me. Then he told 7. _________ (they) what I did on the bus this morning. He 8. ________ (know) it becau he got a phone call from the old man. Mr. Du said I could be a good example to my 9. ________ (classmate). It was really a good day 10.f________ me! I was so proud.
【经典题练习】
（1）
When parents nd their children to school,often they don’t know what happens day by day.Parents depend on what their children tell them about what they are learning and 1. __________ they are doing at school.Generally speaking, schools host (举办)parent-teacher conferences (家长会)at least 2. __________ (two) a year. Parent-teacher conferences are meetings3. b__________ parents and /doc/214f41700812a21614791711cc7931b765ce7b28.html ually they are 4. __________(hold) when teachers give out students’grades for the term.The p
arent-teacher conferences give teachers an opportunity to let parents know about how 5. __________ (good) their child is doing.A teacher will let
一定量的液态化合物
parents know the student’s strengths (优势)and problems with grades or behavior (行为).6. B__________, the meetings offer parents the opportunity to ask questions and e what 7. __________ (they) child is learning.
Most children don’t go to the meetings with their parents.This 8. __________ (allow) both the parents and teachers to talk honestly about the child’s progress without making the child feel 9. b_________.Usually a teacher will give 10. __________ (advi)to the parents on how to support their child’s education.
（2）
wytWhat will my life be like in the future? Have you 1. __________ (think)about this question? In my opinion, it's 2. __________ (real)interesting about my own future.
relevant什么意思In the future, I think I'll work 3. __________ a writer. I'll write many articles and books abo
ut Chine culture. Maybe I'll be like my favourite writer, Yu Qiuyu. 4. __________ I become a writer, I will probably live in Xi'an, Nanjing or Hangzhou. I like the 5. __________ (place) becau they are all nice cities with a long 6. h__________ and delicious food. I have quite a few old friends there, too. I'll live in a hou by the lake. My hou will be big enough to store many books. I'll 7. k__________ a pet dog, which will make me happy. Sometimes, I'll walk it in the quiet neighborhood.
