专业四级(TEM-4 2004)
The normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7-8 hours’ sleep alternation with some 16-17 hours’青岛赛思外语学校 wakefulness and that the sleep normally coincides (31) the hours of darkness . Our prent (32)
is with how easily and to what extent this (33) can be modified.
The question is no mere academic one. The ea (34) people can change from working in the day to working at night is a (35) of growing importance in industry where automation (36) round-the-clock working of machines.It normally (37) from five days to one week for a person to (38)mean taylor swift augest
to a (39) routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. (40)
, it is often the ca in industry that shifts are changed every week.This means that no sooner has he got ud to one routine (41) he has to change to another, (42) much of hiconsistent
s time is spent neither working nor sleeping very (43) .
One answer would em to be (44) periods on each shift, a month, or even three months. (45)
my pleasure , recent rearch has shown that people on such systems will revert to go back to their (46) habits of sleep and wakefulness during the weekend and that this is quite enough to destroy any (47) to night work built up during the week. The only real solution appears to be to (48) the night shift to tho (49)younggir第一次young>罪愆>保罗加斯科因 night workers who (50) may persist through weekends and holidays.
销量英语31. A. in B. with C. of D. over
32. A. thinking B. study C. problem D. concern
33. A. cycle B. period C. circle D. round
34. A. at which B. with which C. at what D. with what
35. A. problem B. difficulty C. trouble D. matter
36. A. asks B. invites C. calls for D. reacts to
37. A. takes B. spends C. demands D. asks
38. A. adapt B. adopt C. adjust D. adept
39. A. former B. returned C. reverd D. regular
40. A. Therefore B. Unfortunately C. In a word D. In comparison
41. A. as B. when C. then D. than
42. A. though B. so that C. while D. as
43. A. efficiently B. good C. easily D. happily
44. A. shorter B. better C. longer D. nicer
45. A. So B. In short C. Similarly D. However
46. A. new B. normal C. temporary D. favourite
47. A. change B. return C. adaptation D. tendency
48. A. hand over B. hand in C. hand out D. hand on
49. A. temporary B. contemporary C. permanent D. perpetual
50. A. wakefulness B. sleep C. preference D. habit
译文：
人类正常的日常作息周期是7~8小时的睡眠时间与16~17小时的清醒时间相互交替，而睡眠时间通常与黑夜重合。目前我们关心的是人的这一作息规律是否很容易或者能在多大程度上得以改变。
这个问题决非仅仅是学术问题。在工业领域，自动化过程要求机器24小时运转，因而，人如何能够自如地从白天的工作状态转换到夜间工作状态，这已成为一个日益重要的问题。一个人要颠倒作息，白天睡觉，夜间工作，通常需要五天至一周的时间来适应。不巧的是，
工业领域常常每周换班，这就意味着，一个人刚适应了一种作息方式就不得不换成另外一种作息方式。这样，一个人很多的时间里，工作和睡眠的效率都不高。
解决办法之一是延长每次换班时间的长度，将其延长到一个月或者三个月。但是，近期的研究表明，实行较长换班作息安排的人在周末会回到其正常的作息规律上，这足以摧毁在一周的工作时间所建立起来的夜间工作习惯。看起来唯一的真正解决办法则是将夜班交给永远上夜班的工人，这些人即使在周末和假日里也能保持夜间的清醒状态。
31.B 解析：考查词语搭配。coincide with表示“与...相符，一致”，如：Their thoughts coincide with ours.(他们的想法与我们的不谋而合。)coincide后可接in表示“在哪方面相似”，如：The members of the committee do not coincide in opinion.(委员会的委员们意见不合。)阿房宫赋知识点（词汇搭配线索题。选项C、D不与coincide搭配。）
32.D 解析：内容上，“我们目前思考/研究/关注的是...”或“现在的问题是...”均通。与with连用的只能是concern，表示“关注”。（词汇搭配题。think常与about连用，study则有make a study of的说法，用A、B时，表语后的介词with不妥。若用problem，be后面直接是表语从句，不用介词。）
33.A 解析：考查篇章分析能力。这里使用了指示代词this，从语境上理解照应前句中所提到的中心词cycle，因此应该选择cycle。（语义线索题。period表示“一段时间”；circle表示“圆”；round表示“圆，圆形物”，均不符题意。）
34.B 解析：考查词语搭配。at ea舒适，自由自在，无拘无束；with ea熟练的，轻而易举的。前者与“拘束不安”相对，后者与“费劲”相对。在这里的上下文中，显然应当用with。另外，这里是定语从句，先行词是ea，故后面用关系代词which，不能用what。所以答案是B。（词汇搭配线索题。）
35.D 解析：考查句子层面名词的含义。分析句子结构，简化句子可以理解为“...the ea is a ”主语ea即“人们颠倒作息的自如程度”并不能被称之为“难以解决的难题”，也不是一种“困难”或“麻烦”，而是一个需要人们关注的“事情”，因此，从语义上能与主语ea搭配的表语应该是选项D。（词义辨析题。problem指 “难题，困难”；difficulty指“困境”；trouble表示“麻烦”；而只有matter合适，a matter of为固定词组，表示“（涉及之）问题”。）
