Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures(SPS)
实施动植物卫生检疫措施的协议 ( SPS协定)
SPS协议全称为《实施动植物卫生检疫措施的协议》，对国际贸易中的动植物检疫提
出了具体的严格的要求，它是WTO协议原则渗透的动植物检疫工作的产物，是世界贸易组织（WTO）在长达8年之久的乌拉圭回合谈判的一个重要的国际多边协议成果。
Members, 各成员：
Reaffirming that no Member should be prevented from adopting or enforcing measures necessary to protect human, animal or plant life or health, subject to the requirement that the measures are not applied in a manner which would constitute a means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination between Members where the same conditions prevail or a disguid restriction on international trade;
重申不应阻止各成员采纳或实施为保护人类、动物或植物的生命或健康所必须的措施。只要这些措施的实施方式，不在情形相同的成员之间构成任意或不合理的歧视，或对
国际贸易构成变相的限制；
Desiring to improve the human health, animal health and phytosanitary situation in
是非曲直all Members;
期望改善各成员的人民健康、动物健康和植物卫生状况；
Noting that sanitary and phytosanitary measures are often applied on the basis of bilateral agreements or protocols;
注意到动植物卫生检疫措施通常以双边协议或议定书为基础实施；
Desiring the establishment of a multilateral framework of rules and disciplines to guide the development, adoption and enforcement of sanitary and phytosanitary measures in order to minimize their negative effects on trade;
期望建立规则和纪律的多边框架，以指导动植物卫生检疫措施的制定、采用和实施，
从而使其对贸易的消极作用降到最小；
Recognizing the important contribution that international standards, guidelines and recommendations can make in this regard;
承认国际标准、准则和建议可以在该领域能作出重大贡献；
Desiring to further the u of harmonized sanitary and phytosanitary measures between Members, on the basis of international standards, guidelines and recommendations developed by the relevant international organizations, including
the Codex Alimentarius Commission, the International Office of Epizootics, and the relevant international and regional organizations operating within the framework of the International Plant Protection Convention, without requiring Members to change their appropriate level of protection of human, animal or plant life or health;
期望进一步推动各成员使用以有关国际组织所制定的国际标准、准则和建议为基础的
统一的动植物卫生检疫措施，这些国际组织包括国际营养标准委员会，国际兽疫局，工业工程就业前景
以及在国际植物保护公约框架下运行的有关国际和区域组织；但不要求各成员改变其
服务员英文合理的保护人类、动物或植物的生命或健康的水平；
Recognizing that developing country Members may encounter special difficulties in complying with th
e sanitary or phytosanitary measures of importing Members, and as a conquence in access to markets, and also in the formulation and application of sanitary or phytosanitary measures in their own territories, and desiring to assist them in their endeavours in this regard;
承认发展中国家成员在遵守进口成员的动植物卫生检疫措施方面可能遇到特殊的困难，进而在市场准入以及在其制定和实施国内动植物卫生检疫措施方面也会遇到困难，期
torco望在这方面给予他们帮助；
Desiring therefore to elaborate rules for the application of the provisions of GATT 1994 which relate to the u of sanitary or phytosanitary measures, in particular the provisions of Article XX(b);(1)
transcript
期望因此对如何实施1994年关贸总协定中与动植物卫生检疫措施有关的条款，特别是第二十条（b）款的实施制定具体规则；
Hereby agree as follows: 协议如下：
Article 1: General Provisions第一条总则
1. This Agreement applies to all sanitary and phytosanitary measures which may, directly or indirectl
y, affect international trade. Such measures shall be developed and applied in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.
本协议适用于所有可能直接或间接影响国际贸易的动植物卫生检疫措施，这类措施应
shel
按照本协议的条款来制定和实施。
2. For the purpos of this Agreement, the definitions provided in Annex A shall apply.
为本协议之目的，附件1中规定的定义都适用。
3. The annexes are an integral part of this Agreement.
各附件是本协议的不可分割的组成部分。
4. Nothing in this Agreement shall affect the rights of Members under the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade with respect to measures not within the scope of this Agreement.
对不在本协议范围之内的措施，本协议不应影响各成员在技术性贸易壁垒协议项下所十大留学中介排名
享有的权利。
Article 2: Basic Rights and Obligations第二条基本权利和义务
1. Members have the right to take sanitary and phytosanitary measures necessaryalaska
for the protection of human, animal or plant life or health, provided that such measures are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement.
各成员有权采取为保护人类、动物或植物的生命或健康所必需的动植物卫生检疫措施，但这类措施不应违背本协议的规定。
2. Members shall ensure that any sanitary or phytosanitary measureis applied only
to the extent necessary to protect human, animal or plant life or health, is bad on scientific principles and is not maintained without sufficient scientific evidence, except as provided for in paragraph 7 of Article 5.
各成员应确保任何动植物卫生检疫措施的实施不超过为保护人类、动物或植物的生命
commitment什么意思或健康所必需的程度，并以科学原理为依据，如无充分的科学依据则不再实施，但第
五条第7款规定的除外。
3. Members shall ensure that their sanitary and phytosanitary measures do not arbitrarily or unjustifiably discriminate between Members where identical or similar conditions prevail, including between their own territory and that of other Members. Sanitary and phytosanitary measures shall not be applied in a manner which would constitute a disguid restriction on international trade.
各成员应确保其动植物卫生检疫措施不在情形相同或情形相似的成员之间，包括在成员自己境内和其他成员领土之间构成任意或不合理的歧视。动植物卫生检疫措施的实施不应对国际贸易构成变相的限制。
4. Sanitary or phytosanitary measures which conform to the relevant provisions of this Agreement shall be presumed to be in accordance with the obligations of the Members under the provisions of GATT 1994 which relate to the u of sanitary or phytosanitary measures, in particular the provisions of Article XX(b).
符合本协议有关条款规定的动植物卫生检疫措施，应被认为符合各成员在1994年关贸总协定有关采用动植物卫生检疫措施的义务，特别是第二十条（b）款的规定。
Article 3: Harmonization第三条协调一致
1. To harmonize sanitary and phytosanitary measures on as wide a basis as possible, Members shall ba their sanitary or phytosanitary measures on international standards, guidelines or recommendations, where they exist, except as otherwi provided for in this Agreement, and in particular in paragraph 3.
为尽可能广泛地协调动植物卫生检疫措施，各成员的动植物卫生检疫措施应以国际标准、准则或建议为依据，除非本协议，特别是第3款中另有规定。
皮肤暗黄怎么办
2. Sanitary or phytosanitary measures which conform to international standards, guidelines or recommendations shall be deemed to be necessary to protect human, animal or plant life or health, and presumed to be consistent with the relevant provisions of this Agreement and of GATT 1994.
符合国际标准、准则或建议的动植物卫生检疫措施应视为是保护人类、动物或植物的生命或健康所必需的，并被认为符合本协议和1994年关贸总协定有关条款的规定。
3. Members may introduce or maintain sanitary or phytosanitary measures which result in a higher level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection than would be achieved by measures bad on the relevant international standards, guidelines or recommendations, if there is a scientific justification, or as a conquence of the level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection a Member determines to be
appropriate in accordance with the relevant provisions of paragraphs 1 through 8 of Article 5 (2) Notwithstanding the above, all measures which result in a level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection different from that which would be achieved by measures bad on international standards, guidelines or recommendations shall not be inconsistent with any other provision of this Agreement.
各成员可以实施或维持比以有关国际标准、准则或建议为依据的措施所提供的保护水
平更高的动植物卫生检疫措施，但要有科学依据，或者一成员根据第五条第1款至第
8款中有关条款规定，认为该措施所提供的保护水平是合适的。除上述外，若某措施
所产生的动植物卫生保护水平不同于以国际标准、准则或建议为依据制定的措施所提
供的保护水平，则一概不可违背本协议中其他任何条款的规定。
4. Members shall play a full part, within the limits of their resources, in the relevant international organizations and their subsidiary bodies, in particular the Codex Alimentarius Commission, the International Office of Epizootics, and the international and regional organizations operating within the framework of the International Plant Protection Convention, to promote within the organization
s the development and periodic review of standards, guidelines and recommendations with respect to all aspects of sanitary and phytosanitary measures.
各成员应尽其所能全面参与有关国际组织及其附属机构，特别是国际营养标准委员会，国际兽疫局，以及在国际植物保护公约框架下运行的有关国际和区域组织，以便促进
在这些组织中对有关动植物卫生检疫措施各个方面的标准、准则和建议的制订和定期
审议。
5. The Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures provided for in paragraphs 1 and 4 of Article 12 (referred to in this Agreement as the “Committee”) shall develop a procedure to monitor the process of international harmonization and coordinate efforts in this regard with the relevant international organizations.
在第十二条第1和第4款中提到的动植物卫生检疫措施委员会（本协议中简称"委员会"）应制定程序，以监督国际统一化进程，并在这方面和有关国际组织协同努力。
Article 4: Equivalence第四条同等对待
1. Members shall accept the sanitary or phytosanitary measures of other Members as equivalent, even if the measures differ from their own or from tho ud by other Members trading in the same product, if the exporting Member objectively demonstrates to the importing Member that its measures achieve the importing Member’s appropriate level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection. For this purpo, reasonable access shall be given, upon request, to the importing Member
for inspection, testing and other relevant procedures.
如果出口成员客观地向进口成员表明它所采用的动植物卫生检疫措施达到了进口成员
适当的动植物卫生检疫保护水平，即使这些措施不同于进口成员自己的措施，或不同
于从事同一产品贸易的其他成员所采用的措施，各成员应同等地接受其他成员的动植
