同位语从句
一.定义
在复合句esk中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。如:
Iheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
agriculturalIhadnoideathatyouwerehere.我不知道你在这里。
二.常见的可以跟同位语从句的词(抽象名词)
news,idea,fact,promi,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,word(消息),possibility等。如:
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I’vecomefromMrwangwithamessagethathewon’tbeabletoeyouthisafternoon.我从王先生那里来,他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。
三.常见引导词
英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that,whether,连接副词how,when,where等。(注:if,which不能引导同位语从句。)如:
lhavenoideaWhenhewillbeback.我不知道他什么时候回来。
Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.
他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
MyquestionhowIshallgetintouchwithhimhasnotbeenanswered.
Igavethegirlabigdoll,exactlywhatshelongedtohave.
四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面,而被别的词隔开。如:
Severalyearslater,wordcamethatNapoleonhimlfwascomingtoinspectthem.
几年以后,有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。
Thethoughtcametohimthatmaybetheenemyhadfledthecity.
他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。
五、同位语从句与定语从句的区别。
1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系,即说明它前面名词的内容;而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系,即限定它前面的名词范围,或补充一些情况。如:
Thenewsthatlhavepasdtheexamistrue.我通过了考试这一消息是真的。
(同位语从句,即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。)
Thenewsthathetoldmejustnowistrue.他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。
(定语从句,从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用,即“他告诉我的”那个消息,而不是别的消息。)
2、引导同位语从句的that是连词,在从句中不充当任何成份,而引导定语从句的that是关系代词,除起连接作用外,还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。如:
Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprismanypeople.
计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。(that在从句中不充当任何成份。)
Theideathathegavesurprismanypeople.他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。
(that在从句中作gave的宾语。)
练习
1.______hereferredtoinhisarticlewasunknowntothegeneralreader.(2007上海卷)
A.That 六级作文万能句式B.What C.Whether D.Where
2.Thetraditionalviewis______wesleepbecauourbrainis“programmed”tomakeusdoso.(2007上海卷)
A.when B.why C.whether D.that
3.CouldIspeakto---------isinchargeofInternationalSales,plea?(2007山东卷)
A.anyoneB.someoneC.whoeverD.nomatterwho
4.____mattersmostinlearningEnglishinoughpractice.(2007全国卷II)
A.What B.Why C.Where D.Which
5.Youcanonlybesureof_________youhaveatprent;youcannotbesureofsomething_____youmightget
inthefuture.(2007安徽卷)
cond怎么读
A.that;what B.what;/ C.which;thatD./;that
nita6.—Where’sthatreport?
—Ibroughtittoyou____youwereinMr.Black’sofficeyesterday.(2007北京卷)
A.ifB.whenC.becauD.befor
7.Itisnoneofyourbusinessotherpeoplethinkaboutyou.Believeyourlf.(2007福建卷)
A.how B.what C.which D.when
8.Havingcheckedthedoorswereclod,and_________allthelightswereoff,theboyopenedthedoortohisbedroom.(2007湖南卷)
A.whyB.thatC.whenD.where
9.Choosingtherightdictionarydependson______youwanttouitfor.(2007江苏卷)
A.what B.why C.how D.whether
10.parentssayanddohasalife-longeffectontheirchildren.(2007陕西卷)
A.That B.Which C.What D.As
11.Byimprovingreadingskills,youcanreadfasterandunderstandmoreofyouread.(2007上海春)
A.that B.what C.which D.whether
12.Theasideheredrawsalotoftouristverysummer.Warmsunshineandsoftsandsmake________itis.(2007天津卷)
A.what B.which C.howD.where
13.Whynottryyourluckdowntown,Bob?That’s______thebestjobsare.(2007浙江卷)
A.whereB.whatC.whenD.why
((08全国gametimeI卷)25.ThelawyerrarelywearsanythingotherthanjeansandaT-shirt______theason.
A.whatever B.wherever C.whenever D.however
(08山东卷)23.______wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.
A.It B.This C.What D.As
(08北京卷)30.Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreatetheyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who
(08天津卷)12.Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas_____wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.
A.whereB.howC.whenD.whyemome
(08重庆卷)25.PeopleinChongqingareproudof__theyhaveachieved,inthepasttenyears.
蘑菇的英文A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how
(08安徽卷)29.Studentsarealwaysinterestedinfindingout_______theycangowithanewteacher.
A.howfarB.howsoonC.howoftenD.howlong
(08福建卷)27._____isknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.
A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which
(08湖南卷)29.Whenasked_____theyneededmost,thekidssaidtheywantedtofeelimportantandloved.
A.whatB.whyC.whomD.which
(08江西卷)34.AnimalssufferedatthehandsofMan___theyweredestroyedbypeopletomakewayforagriculturaltoprovidefoodformorepeople.
A.inwhichB.forwhich
C.sothatD.inthat
(08浙江卷)4.______wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.
A.AnyoneB.TheoneC.WhoeverD.Who
(08浙江卷)6.Somechildrenwanttochallengethemlvesbylearningalanguagedifferentfrom______theirparentsspeakathome.
A.whatB.
(08重庆卷)dele33.Allpeople,__theyareoldoryoung,richorpoor,richorpoor,havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoinneedsincethedisaster.
A.evenifB.whether
C.nomatterD.however
(08上海卷)34.Ashisbestfriend,Icanmakeaccurateguessabout___hewilldoorthink.