词汇积累——关注动词
易混淆的单词：cancollege
(1) say, speak, talk, tell的用法。
1) say表示讲话，作为及物动词使用，后跟宾语或宾语从句。也可say to sb 对某人说，之后接具体内容。say it in English 用英语说
He said he would go there.
It's time to leave. We have to say goodbye to you.
2)speak表示“讲话”，一般作为不及物动词使用，而有时作为及物动词后面跟上各种
语言作为宾语。
Do you speak English?
May I speak to Mr. Pope, plea?
3) talk表示“谈话”，是不及物动词，与to , about, with等连用，才可以接宾语。talk to/with sb. about sth.和某人谈论某事。
What are you talking about?
Mr. Jackson is talking with my father in the office now.
4) tell 表示“告诉，讲述”是及物动词，可以带双宾语或复合宾语。往往用于tell sb. sth.
或tell sb. about sth.，或者固定词组从...中辨别出..... tell a story/ a lie/ the time 讲故事/撒谎/时间，tell the 讲出两者的区别点等。
She told us an interesting story yesterday.
My teacher told me that we would have an English exam the next month.
What did Mr Smith tell you to say at the meeting?
Did you speak at the meeting?
What did you talk about at the meeting?
巴斯大学世界排名
(2) look, e, watch的用法。
1) look强调“看”这个动作，是不及物动词，常与at连用，然后接宾语。也可作为系
动词，意为“看起来，看上去”，后接形容词。
Look! The girl is swimming in the lake.
Look at the picture carefully. Can you find something unusual?
2) e 指“看见”某物，强调的是结果。固定用法e a film看电影, e it clearly看清
楚它，e sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事，e sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事。They can't e the words on the blackboard clearly.
Does Lily often go to e a film on Sunday?
3) watch 指的是“观看”，“注视”之意。
The twins are watching TV now.
He will go to watch a volleyball match.
4）read指“看书”、“看报”、“阅读”之意。read the map读地图
Don't read in the sun.
I like to read newspapers when I am free.
(3) borrow, lend和keep的区别。
1) borrow意思为“借入”，常常与from连用，是非延续性动词，表示瞬间即能完成的
动作。
Meimei borrowed a book from the library just now.
May I borrow your dictionary?
2) lend 是“借出”之意，常常与to连用，同borrow一样，是非延续性动词，只表示
瞬间即能完成的动作。
Uncle Wang has lent his car to Mr. Li.
Could you lend us your radio, plea?
3) keep是“保存”的意思，动作可以延续。
How long can the recorder be kept?
The farmer kept the pat for two weeks.
(4) bring, take, carry 和get的用法。
1) bring意思为“拿来”、“带来”。指将某物或某人从别处“带来”。
Bring me the book, plea.
May I bring Jim to e you next Saturday?
2) take意思是“拿走”，“带走”，把某物或某人从这里“带来”或“拿到”某处之意。
It looks like rain. Take a raincoat with you.
生日歌英文Mother took the little girl to the next room.
3) carry 是“带着、搬运、携带”的意思，指随身携带，有背着、扛着、抱着、提着的含义，不表明来去的方向。
Do you always carry a handbag?
The box is heavy. Can you carry it?
4) get是去某处将某物拿回来。
layoff
Plea go to my office to get some chalk.
There is no water in the bottle. Why not get some?
(5) wear, put on和dress的区别
1) wear-wore-worn是“穿着”“戴着”的意思，可以用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽子、戴手套、佩戴首饰等，强调“穿着”的状态。
Tom always wears black shoes.currentaccount
He wears a raincoat even when it is fine.
She doesn't like to wear a red flowers in her hair.
2) put on是“穿上”“戴上”的意思，可以用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽等。着重于穿戴的动作。
It's cold. Y ou'd better put on your coat.
伦敦奥运会 刘翔
He put on his hat and went out of the room.
3) dress可以作及物动词和不及物动词，有“穿着”“打扮”的意思。作“穿着”解时，只用于穿衣服，不用于穿鞋、戴帽、戴手套。作为及物动词用时，它的宾语是人，不是衣服。dress sb. （给某人穿衣服），而wear作“穿着”用时，也是及物动词，但它的宾语是物，不是人，即wear sth.（穿着衣物）。
She always dress well.
Get up and dress quickly.
Mary is dressing her child.
(6) take, spend ,pay, cost和u的用法。
1) take—took—taken 指做某事用多少时间，句型是：It takes/took/ will take + sb. +some time + to do
sth.
It took me three days to finish the work.
It will take you a while week to travel thought the forest.
It takes only one hour to fly to Shanghai.
2) spend—spent—spent 指某人在某事（物）上花费时间或钱。句型是：
Someone spends + money/time + on something/(in) doing sth.
He didn't spend much time on his lessons.
He spent much time (in) correcting students' exercis.
Mother spent her evenings (in) washing clothes.
3) pay—paid—paid 支付。句型是sb. pay some money for sth.
4) cost—cost—cost 价值。句型是sth. Cost sb. some money.
She spent more than 500 yuan on that coat. = She paid more than 500 yuan for that coat. = That coat cost her more than 500 yuan.
(7)reach, get 和arrive的区别。
1) reach是及物动词，后面要直接跟表示地点的名词作宾语。另外，reach还有触及，碰得到的意思。
After the train had left, they reached the station
We reached the top of the mountain at last.
2) get是不及动词，常与to连用，再接名词，后面接表示地点的副词时，不用to，get to常用于口语中。
When the students got to the cinema, the film had begun.
My sister was cooking when mother got home.
3) arrive是不及物动词，表示到达一个小地方时，用arrive at, 到达一个大地方时用arrive in。
The soldiers arrived at a small village
The foreigners will arrive in Shanghai tomorrow.
到达这儿/那儿/家用arrive here/there/home = get here/there/home 中间不用介词。(8)listen, 和hear的区别。
1)听：listen 不及物动词，听，仔细听（强调动作）
He enjoys listening to music. 他喜欢听音乐。
2) hear-heard-heard 听见，得知（强调动词的结果）hear sb. doing sth.听见某人正在做某事hear of 听说hear from 收到...的来信。
(9)look for, find, find out, discover, invent和create的区别。
look for 寻找find-found-found 找到find out 查找出（强调有一个发现的过程）discover 发现invent 发明create 创造
I looked for my watch everywhere, but I couldn’t find it.
Who first discovered America?
Plea find out when the train starts.
Edison invented electric lights.
(10) 参加:
1) take part in=join in 参加（具体的活动）
How many countries will take part in the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games?
She always takes an active part in all kinds of activities at school.
He never joined in the usual sports of the boys.
2) join 参加，加入，连接（组织、人群）
Will you join us for dinner?你和我们一起吃晚饭好吗?
Before he joined the army in 1946, he had joined in the discussion with his family about his future career.
3) enter for 报名参加（活动、比赛项目）
What events would you like to enter for?
4) attend 出席，参加（会议、课程、音乐会、报告会、讲座）
His parents didn't attend his wedding, which made him sad.
5) take 参加（考试）
In June, we will take an important exam.eye
6) go in for 参加；从事于；酷爱（活动）
She doesn't go in for team games.
(11) 希望:
hope希望, wish希望，祝愿, expect期待, look forward to 期待
1) hope 后跟动词不定式或者宾语从句，其结构为hope to do 或者
hope that + 句子I hope to win. I hope I will win.
2) wish有祝愿的含义，希望实现的可能性比hope小，后可以跟人作宾语，
其结构为wish/ expect to do，或者wish/ expect sb to do, 或者跟宾语从句wish/expect + that +宾语从句
I wish you to win. = I wish you will win.
Wish you happiness and health forever.
3) look forward to后跟名词或者动名词，
其结构为look forward to doing sth /sth
I am looking forward to hearing from you. = I am looking forward to your letter.
(12) ud 的用法
1）过去常常做某事sb. ud to do sth=sb. often did sth
He ud to smoke.= He often smoked before.
2）习惯于做某事sb. be/ get ud to doing sth
He ud to live in Germany, but now he’s ud to the weather in Shanghai.
He ud to get up late, but now he’s ud to getting up early.
extreme ways
3）某物被用来做某事sth. be ud to do =sth. be ud for doing
Water is ud to cook.= Water is ud for cooking.
（13）sometime 过去或将来的某个时候（常用一般过去式或者一般将来时）; 如My father will come back sometime next month.
sometimes 有时候（常用一般现在时）Sometimes he plays computer games.
some time 一段时间I have stayed in Beijing for some time.
some times 一些次He has been to Beijing some times.
（14）lonely adj. 孤独的，寂寞的，作定语；alone adj. 单独的，作表语，adv.单独地。
The man lives alone and feels lonely.
（15）生病的：sick（既可作定语，又可作表语）；ill（只能作表语）He is ill/sick. 一个生病的男孩只能这样表达：a sick boy
上海考题：
11年：
51. Though I _______ the phone number many times, the foreigner still couldn’t write it down.
A) repeated B) refud C) rearched D) recognized
52. The lady _______ dancing as a hobby in her sixties, and she is really good at it now.
A) dresd up B) looked up C) took up D) put up
53. I have no idea what life would be like without water. The underlined part means _______.
A) don’t remember B) don’t know C) don’t believe D) don’t expect 10年：
50. Y our homework is well done. Just ______ some small mistakes in it.
A) create B)connect C) correct D) control
52. The bus is coming. Be careful when you _______ the bus.
A) get on B)get off C) get up D) get to
54. The bridge enables people to get to the island in less than an hour. The underlined part means “_______”.
A) makes it safe for B)makes it possible for
C)makes it necessary for D)makes it enjoyable for
09年：
49. The room is very dark. I can’t ____ anything clearly without a light.
A. watch
B. look
C. e
D. notice
51. Once a year, people take part in “______ Lights” activity to help save energy.
A) Show off B)Turn off C) Take off D) Put off
54. Be careful! There’s some broken glass on the ground. The underlined part means “____”.
A. Look out
狼子野心翻译
B. Go ahead
C. Get ready
D. Keep quiet
08年：
42. After a long journey, the eight pandas from Wolong safely __________in Beijing.
A. arrived.
B. reached.
C. got.
D. came.
47. The plane from Shanghai to Paris will__________in an hour.
A. take up.
B. take away.
C. take out.
D. take off.
2. It_____ veral years to build Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the highest railway in the world. （2007）
A. spent
B. took
C. cost
D. paid
3. John______ his passport everywhere, but he still couldn't find it.（2007）
A. looked like
B. looked up
C. looked for
D. looked at
4. Millions of Shanghai citizens are learning to________ English for the 2010 World Expo（2006）
A. tell
B. speak
C. say
D. talk
5. To______ his sick mother, David goes to the hospital after work every day. （2006）
A. take charge of
B. take hold of
C. take care of
D. take the place of
6. Tim's mum is worried______ her son's eyesight as he plays online games too much. （2005）
A. for
B. about
C. with
D. of
7. How magnificent the Bund looks at night when all the lights are________! （2005）
影视金曲下载
A. turned over
B. turned off
C. turned down
D. turned on
8. Thousands of spectators came to Shanghai to______Table Ts
A. e
B. notice
C. watch
D. look
