「Unit 4「推理判断型;
推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相 互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断乂依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。做好该题型要 从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁， 透过字里行间，去体会作者的"弦外之音〃。推理判断题常常可以分为如下几类：(1)细节推断。 如时间、地点、人物关系等；(2)逻辑推断。根据已知的结果推断导致结果产生的可能原因;
(3)目的、意图、态度推断。根据文章的论述，推断作者的写作目的以及作者情感态度；(4) 预测想象推断。文章没有明确说明，要求根据语篇对文章可能涉及的内容进行预测判断。profiteer
A推理判断主要的设题方式有：
(1)It can be inferred from the passage (or the last paragraph)
(2)It can be learned from the passage (or the last paragraph)
(3)It can be concluded from the passage (or the last paragraph)
(4)It
girl是什么意思(5)最新美剧排行榜2013Where would you most probably find this passage?
(6 ) What would the author most likely continue to talk about in the next paragraph(s)?
B推理判断主要的解题策略有：
(1)根据不同文体，推断目的意图。不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的，通常作者的写作目 的有以下三种：1) to entertain readers (娱乐读者，让人发笑)，常见于故事类的文章。2) to persuade readers (说服读者接受某种观点)常见于广告类的文章。3) to inform readers (告知 读者某些信息)多见于科普类、新闻报道类、文化类或社会类的文章。高考阅读试题设计到 各类文章，而以议论文为主，文章的主题句、核心句往往会直接或间接地表明作者的态度立 场；阅读理解中也有说明文、描述文。前者因为其体裁的客观性，所以作者的态度也往往采 取中立。而后者因为其文章观点往往不直接提出，而且作者写作时也常带有某种倾向性，所 以，阅读时要善于根据文章的文体来学会推断作者的情感态度和目的。
(2)根据用词风格，推断情感态度。一篇好的文章，其用词风格常常直接流巖或蕴含作者的
内心世界和情感态度。所以阅读时要善于捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的词句或短语，捕捉那些 烘托气氛，渲染情感的词句，进而很好地洞察作者的思想倾向，是支持、反对抑或中立？对 于选项而言，要分清选项中的褒义词、中性词和贬义词，以此对照全文。女山1)表示褒义的 词语：positive 赞成的，supporting 支持的,praising 上海绘画培训赞扬的,optimistic 乐观的,admiring 羡慕 的，enthusiastic热情的等;2)魔兽flash版表示中性的词语:uninterested无兴趣的,不感兴趣的；neutral 中立的；impersonal不带个人感情的；subjective主观的；objective客观的等；3)表示贬义的 词语:disgusted感到恶心的，厌恶的;critical批评的；negative否定的,反对的；suspicious 怀疑的；tolerant容忍的，忍让的；worried担忧的等。
(3)根据写作思路，推断段落发展。不同的文体，写作思路和写作手法也不尽相同。做题时， 要善于体会作者的写作思路，揣摩作者的谋篇布局，从宏观上左右文章的结构框架；同时， 还要把握作者行文时所运用的修辞手段，如对比、举例、下定义等。通过梳理写作思路，明 晰写作手法，即可对文章的发展作出比较科学合理的推断和预测。
(4)根据事实细节，推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一 定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文屮某
一 句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找 不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据，推 论有理，忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。
【典例剖析】
【山西省“晋商四校〃(平遥中学，祁县中学，榆次一中，太谷中学)2017届高三月联考】
Are you taking a summer vacation this year? If you are, have you already started preparing for your trip? Online, there are a large number of preparation tips available for summer travelers. While preparation advice and tips may be of assistance to you, they are often hard to go by. This is becau not everyone spends vacations at the same location.
No matter what your vacation destination is, you will need to take the climate into con sideration ・ If you are visiting a tropical location, you will need to bring along the a
ppropriate clothing. While you may be expecting warm and sunny weather; it is still advid that you prepare for the worst. Rain coats and an umbrella may be a great additi on to your summer clothi ng.
tarcPerhaps, the most popular summer vacation destination is the beach. Each year millions of individuals and families flock to beaches・ When vacationing at the beach, it is important that you bring along proper clothing and sunscreen. Many vacationers do not realize the dangers of sunbathing without sunscreen. In addition to sunscreen, you will need to make sure that you have beach towels and plenty of water on hand.
For the most part, if you forget to bring along certain supplies you can purcha replacements.
Many popular vacation destinations have inflated prices. To prevent unnecessary expens, you are encouraged to check your luggage before you leave・ In addition to the above mentioned preparation tips, you must in form frie nds and family of where you
are going. In ca something happens back home, you can easily be reached・loveless
江苏牛津英语教研网
the passage the author intends to
A.give advice on how to prepare for vacation
B・ make a plan for his summer vacation
C.share his experienee about summer vacation宁波新东方
D.warn readers against cheaters during vacation
2」f you travel to a tropical country, .
A.you must consider the climate first
B.you should wear shorts and T-shirts
C.you must prepare proper clothes
D.you should expect the sunny weather
3.According to the passage we can know that .
A.vacationing at the beach is the first but one
B・ vacati on ers on beach are at the risk of sun bur n
C.you must drink plenty of water before going to beach
D.you have to stay outdoors when going camping
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章作者在文屮简述了假期外出旅游z前需要注意的事项。
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1.A【解题剖析】此题屈于推理判断题中的（1）根据不同文体，推断目的意图。答案需耍从文 门的 While preparation advice and tips may be of assistanee to you, they are often hard to go by. This is becau not every one spends vacati ons at the same locati on•进行推断。
【答案定位】根据第一段的 While preparation advice and tips may be of assistance to yo
u, they are often hard to go by. This is becau not every one spends vacati ons at the same locati on ••可知作者 在文中简述了假期外出旅游之前需要注意的事项。
【推理关系】题干 in the passage the author intends to •鬼文章内容 While preparation advice
and tips may be of assistance to you, they are often hard to go by. This is becau not everyone spends vacations at the same location.
