第三讲 形容词和副词
句子成分切莫忘
示之以范 ____________________________________________________原则这样运用
1．(2017·浙江卷6月)But something made her look clor, and she noticed a ____________ (shine) object.
apartmentshiny/shining 解析：根据空格后的object可知，此处应用形容词作定语，故填shiny或shining。
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Steam engines were ud to pull the carriages and it must have been ____________ (fair) unpleasant for the pasngers, with all the smoke and noi.
fairly 解析：修饰形容词unpleasant应用副词。
3．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Instead, he hopes that his business will grow steady.__________________ __
steady→steadily 解析：grow是谓语动词，故用副词修饰。
4．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very riously problem.____________________
riously→rious 解析：problem为名词，前面应用形容词修饰。
5．(2017·湖北武汉高三调考)There are plenty of jobs availably in the western part of the country.____________________
availably→available 解析：修饰名词jobs应用形容词，availably是副词。
通关点击 _________________________________________________________下车英文原则这样解读
(1)看到提示词作定语、表语或补足语，要想到用形容词；
(2)看到提示词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子在句中作状语，要想到用副词；
(3)形容词作状语时，表示状态或结果。
(2017·山东高三下学期综合测试)Ron had a successful career and worked for Ford before retiring and leading a relaxed life. 在退休过轻松日子之前，罗恩在福特公司工作，他的事业很成功。
Luckily, her stepmother was kind to her.
幸运的是，她的继母对她很好。
After the long journey, the three of them went back home, hungry and tired.
经过长时间旅行后，他们三个回到了家，又饿又累。
牢记几组易混形容词、副词
示之以范 ____________________________________________________原则这样运用
揭晓的意思1．(2017·沈阳监测)Passing through veral streets, we saw no one but only rubbish here and there. An hour later, I still couldn’t bear to keep my eyes ____________ (wide) open.
wide 解析：考查副词。空处修饰形容词open，故用副词形式；wide本身就有副词词性，意为“完全地”。注意：此处不能填widely, widely主要表示距离远、范围大、地域广等。
2．(2017·重庆西北狼教育联盟第一次联考)“God，help me！” I begged anxiously. “Is there someone who will be kind enough to stop and help me out？” ____________， there was no sign of anyone.
However 解析：考查副词。空处前句表达作者想得到别人帮助的愿望，空后句意为“看不到任何人”，前后为转折关系且有逗号隔开，故用副词However。
3．(2017·沈阳监测)I received an ____________ (amaze) look becau he thought I was crazy. A Chine workmate joined me.
amazed 解析：考查形容词。空处修饰名词“look”，形容人的表情，故用amazed。
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Beside, they often get some uful information from the Internet.____________________
Beside→Besides 解析：beside是介词，此处需要副词，故用besides，表示“除……之外(还)”。
5．(全国卷Ⅰ)Nearly five years before, and with the help of our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果) in our back garden.____________________
before→ago 解析：before和一段时间连用常表示过去某时间之前；ago和一段时间连用则表示在多长时间之前。根据句意可知，指大约在五年前，故用ago。
6．(2016·浙江卷)When I was a very young child, my father created a regular practice I remember well years late.____________________
late→later 解析：句意：当我还是个小孩子时，我爸爸创造一个定期的活动，这个活动我很多年之后依然记忆清晰。本句中混用了late与later，前者为形容词“迟到，迟做”或副词“迟，晚”，后者为副词“后来”。“一段时间＋later”表示这段时间之后。
7．(2017·湖北武昌区高三调考)In my opinion, success lies in a ries of goals. However, we should remember to make our targets clear and spare no effort to realize our dreams.____________________
However→Therefore 解析：上下文是因果关系，应用表示因果关系的副词。且句中有逗号与后面的句子分开，所以应用therefore。
8．(2017·合肥第一次质量检测)I had a great English teacher, Maggie. She let me know the importance of English. So I decided to learn English hardly.____________________
hardly→shrink是什么意思hard 解析：考查副词。句意：因此我决定努力学习英语。hard意为“love me for a reason努力地”，hardly意为“几乎不”。根据句意可知，应用hard。
通关点击 ____________________________________________________原则这样解读
1．before, ago
(1)ago：常用于一般过去时，考研秘书网它所指的时间从现在算起。
(2)before：常用于过去完成时，它所指的时间从过去某一时刻算起。
2．late, later
(1)late adj.迟到的；adv.迟，晚
(2)later (也是late的比较级) adj.后来的，以后的 adv.后来，以后
3．however, therefore
(1)however：副词，表示转折。
(2)therefore：副词，表示因果关系。
4．常见的易用错的形容词和副词
(1)以ly结尾的形容词。如：friendly, lovely, lively, lonely, elderly, deadly等。
(2)意义有别的同根副词。如：
clo靠近(通常指距离) cloly密切地，仔细地
hard努力地，费力地 hardly几乎不
most最，(程度上)最大，非常 mostly一般地，主要地
(3)表示宽、高、深的副词都有两种形式，以－ly结尾的表示抽象意义，与形容词同形的表示具体意义。如：
punwide宽地，widely广泛地，如：be widely known被广泛了解
high高地，highly高度地，如：think highly of评价高
deep深地angry是什么意思，deeply深深地，如：be deeply moved被深深感动
5．－ed型形容词和－ing型形容词
解决此类问题有两个切入点：第一，看语境表示的是“一百以内加减法令人……”(－ing)鑫泉留学，还是“感到……”(－ed)；第二，看语境说明的是性质特征(－ing)还是感受(－ed)。
