Unit 11
教育部留学服务中心地址11A A Precious Resource
coltBefore You Listen
A. 1. c 2. a 3. songb 4. b
B. b
Listening Comprehension
Part One
匈牙利语英文
A. 1. b 2. a 3. d 4. d 5. c
B. 1. vital not only to the local people but also to countless species of plants and wildlife
另外，周围46000英亩湿地也已经消失。这些湿地不但对当地居民，而且对附近无数种植被和野生生物都至关重要。
2. face the same dilemma that has confronted the people of Spain; balance human needs with the requirements of natural systems that are vital for sustaining life
本世纪，许多国家都将面临西班牙人民的困境：如何平衡人类需求与自然环境需求之间的关系，而后者对维持地球生命可持续发展起至关重要的作用。
3. estimated 1.2 billion people drink unclean water; 2.5 billion lack proper toilets or waste disposal systems; die each year from dias related to unclean water
现如今，据估计有12亿人的饮用水不洁净，大约25亿人没有合适的冲水厕所和污水处理系统。每年有超过500万人因饮用不洁净的水而死于相关疾病。
Part Two
gabriel
1. Repaired water pipes; replaced toilets; installed water meters; changed wasteful showers and water taps.
2. To prevent water being wasted.
3. He installed tanks in homes and apartments to provide 190 liters of water a day free to each houhold.
4. Water recycling.
5. Water conrvation is the most effective method to address water shortages.
lily英语After You Listen
A. 1. the world population will surpass 8 billion
2. discern the riousness of the situation
3. becau of leaks in their pipes
4. the rain had replenished the supply
5. the average amount of water diverted for u in irrigation
B. Answers will vary.
Water Worries (Part One) 文本
tubemalesIn the Castile-La Mancha region of south central Spain, Julio Escudero, a 74-year-old former fisherman, fondly recalls an area on the Guadiana River called Los Ojos -- "the eyes." Large underground springs bubbled up into the river, where Escudero and his community fished for carp and crayfish. "I would sit in my boat six or ven meters away and just watch the water coming up," Escudero says. "Now it looks like the moon." Los Ojos doesn't exist anymore: that stretch of the river dried up in 1984. Additionally, 46,000 acres of surrounding wetlands -- vital not only to the local people but also to countless species of plants and wildlife -- have disappeared.西餐礼仪英语
As farming in the region has incread, La Mancha has witnesd an explosion of well digging in the past 40 years that has lowered the water table and diverted water from rivers and streams. The number of wells has grown from 1,500 in 1960 to an official count of 21,000 today, and some experts say the real number, including illegal wells, could surpass 50,000.
A Global Problem
La Mancha is just one of many places facing water shortages. This century, many countries will face the same dilemma that has confronted the people of Spain: how to balance human needs with the requirements of natural systems that are vital for sustaining life on Earth. The United Nations recently outlined the extent of the problem, saying that 2.7 billion people would face vere water shortages by 2025 if consumption continues at current rates. Today, an estimated 1.2 billion people drink unclean water, and about 2.5 billion lack proper toilets or waste disposal systems. More than five million people die each year from dias related to unclean water. All over the globe, humans are pumping water out of the ground faster than it can be replenished. In this difficult situation, water conrvationists, such as Rajendra Singh in India and Neil MacLeod in South Africa, are working to find solutions to the water crisis. Both have found innovative ways to improve their local water situations.
India: A Hero in a Thirsty Land
huitongOn arriving at the Indian village of Goratalai, Rajendra Singh was greeted by a group of about 50 people. He smiled and addresd the villagers:
"How many houholds do you have?""Eighty.""It's been four years without much rain," interjected a woman. "And we don't have a proper dam to catch the water.""Do you have any spots where a dam could go?" asked Singh, 43, who has a full head of black hair and a thick beard, both with a touch of gray.
"Yes, two spots.""Will the whole village be willing to work there?""Yes," they all replied together.
"I would like to help you," Singh told them, "but the work has to be done by you. You will have to provide one third of the project through your labor, and the remaining two thirds I will arrange."The villagers clapped, the women started to sing, and the group hiked to a place in the nearby rocky hills. Singh examined the area, and after a few minutes declared, "This is an ideal site." His organization would provide the engineering advice and materials; the villagers would supply the work. The 30-foot-high earthen dam and res
ervoir, known as a johad, could be finished in three months, before the start of the rainy ason. If the rains were plentiful, the rervoir would not only provide supplemental surface water for drinking and agriculture, but would also replenish dry wells. "You will not e the results immediately. But soon the dam will begin to rai the water level in your wells," Singh told the villagers.
Soon Singh was gone, heading to a nearby village that had also requested help building a johad. In recent years, Singh's johads have sprung up all over Rajasthan -- an estimated 4,500 dams in about 1,000 villages, all built using local labor and native materials. His movement has caught on, he says, becau it puts control over water in the hands of villagers. "If they feel a johad is their own, they will maintain it," said Singh. "This is a very sustainable, lf-reliant system. I can say confidently that if we can manage rain in India in traditional ways, there will be sufficient water for our growing population."
A. Multiple Choice.
Question 1. Which of the statements about Castile-La Mancha is NOT true?
Question 2. What is Rajendra Singh's solution to water shortages?
reggie theusQuestion 3. What does Rajendra Singh's organization provide to build dams?
