考研英语(一)-55
(总分70, 做题时间90分钟)
Section Ⅰ U of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choo the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET1.
In the United States, the first day-nurry was opened in 1854. Nurries were established in various areas during the 1 half of the 19th century; most of 2 were charitable. Both in Europe and in the U. S. , the day nurry movement received great 3 during the First World War, when 4 of manpower caud the industrial employment unprecedented numbers of women. In some European countries nurries were established 5 in munitions plants, under direct government sponsorship. 6 the number of nurries in the U. S. also ro 7 , th
is ri was accomplished without government aid of any kind. During the years following the First World War, 8 , Federal, State, and local governments gradually began to exerci a measure of control 9 the day-nurries, chiefly by 10 them and by inspecting and regulating the conditions within the nurries.
The 11 of the Second World War was quickly followed by an increa in the number of day-nurries in almost all countries, as women were 12 called upon to replace men in the factories. On this 13 the U.S. government immediately came to the support of the nurry schools, 14 $ 6,000,000 in July, 1942, for a nurry school program for the children of working mothers. Many States and **munities 15 this Federal aid. By the end of the war, in August, 1945, more than 100,000 children were being cared 16 in day-care centers receiving Federal 17 . Soon afterward, the Federal government 18 cut down its expenditures for this purpo and later 19 them, causing a sharp drop in the number of nurry schools in operation. However, the expectation that most employed mothers would leave their 20 at the end of the war was only partly fulfilled.
1.
A latter
B late
C other
D first
分值: 0.5
答案:A
[解析] 上下文语义+词汇辨析
[解析] 从第一句话中知道第一家日托幼稚园于1854年成立，而各地的幼稚园在此后相继建起，故排除D。latter是late比较级的变体，来自古英语，指在顺序上较后。later为late的比较级，指在时间上较迟。the later part of the 19th cent 了指19世纪晚些时期，而the latter part of the 19th century则指19世纪的后半世纪。由此分析可知，本题的答案为A。
2.
A tho
B them
C who
D whom
分值: 0.5
答案:B
[解析] 代词及关系代词的用法
[解析] 该句前用分号与前句隔开，表明其应是独立的句子，而非作为上句的从句。故只有B合适。若用tho，则应引导一个定语从句。
3.
A impetus
B input
C imitation
D initiativethe hunger games
分值: 0.5
答案:A
[解析] 上下文语义关系+名词词义辨析
[解析] 该句意为：在一战期间欧美的幼稚园的发展受到了极大的推动。A项代入后符合句意，使整个句子连贯且具有正确意义，故本题的答案是A。其他三项不合句意。
4.
A sources
B abundance
C shortage
D reduction
分值: 0.5
答案:C
[解析] 上下文语义关系+名词词义辨析
[解析] shortage是“缺乏，不足的数量，缺陷，短缺”，而reduetion是“减少，降低”的意思。此句意为“因为劳动力的______使得工厂雇用了数量空前的女性”，四个选项中只有C项代入后符合逻辑，故C为正确答案。
5.
A hardly
B entirely
C only
violentD even
分值: 0.5
答案:D
[解析] 副词词义辨析
[解析] 此句意为“在某些欧洲国家______在军火工厂里也建立幼稚园”，四个选项代入后只有D项符合句意，其余选项均不够贴切。
6.
A Becau
B As
狄更斯英文简介C Since
D Although
分值: 0.5
答案:D
[解析] 连词的用法
[解析] 结合上下文可知空格处缺少一个表示转折的连词，A、B、C三项均无此意。此句意为“尽管美国的幼稚园的数量也急剧增长，但它们完全没有受到政府任何形式的资助”。故本题的答案是D项。
7.
A unanimously
B sharply
C predominantly
D militantly
分值: 0.5
答案:B
[解析] 副词词义辨析
[解析] 空格前的词是ro，所在句的意思是“美国幼稚园的数量也______增长”，所填副词是用来修饰ri(增长)的，四个选项中只有B项符合句意，表示“急剧增长”。
8.
A therefore
B conquently
C however
D moreover
分值: 0.5
答案:C
[解析] 连词的用法
[解析] 结合上下文可知此处应填一表示转折的词。本句意为“但是，在一战结束后的数年中，联邦政府、各州和当地政府逐渐着手实行控制日托所的政策”。故however为正确答案。
9.
A over
B in
C at
D about
分值: 0.5
答案:A
[解析] 固定搭配
[解析] control over为习惯搭配，表示“对……有控制，抑制”。over亦可换成of。
10.
A formulating
B labeling
C patenting
D licensing
分值: 0.5
答案:D
[解析] 上下文语义关系+动词词义辨析
[解析] 从上下文意思来推断，此处应指“……主要是给日托所颁发执照并检查和规范其内部条件”，licen“特准，核发执照”，故D正确。其他三项均不符合句意。
11.
A outt
B outbreak
C breakthrough
D breakdown
分值: 0.5
答案:B
[解析] 名词词义辨析
[解析] 空格后面出现的是the Second World War(第二次世界大战)，这里指的是二战的爆发。指“战争的爆发”用outbreak。所以本题的答案是B项。
12.
A again
B thus
C repeatedly
D yet
分值: 0.5
答案:A
[解析] 上下文语义关系+副词辨析
[解析] 第4空格处的句意指出“第一次世界大战期间，由于劳动力的短缺使工厂雇用了数量空前的妇女。”而第二次世界大战的爆发又一次使得妇女取代工厂的男劳动力。atgain表示“再一次、又一次”，故本题的答案是A项。
13.
A. circumstanceB. occasion C. ca D. situation
A B C D
分值: 0.5
答案:couponB
[解析] 习惯搭配
[解析] on this occasion为习惯搭配，意为“在这个时机，此时”；circumstance“环境，情势”，通常与in或undei，连用。ca与in连用，in this ca表示“若是这样的话”；situafion“状况，事态，情势”，亦与in连用。
14.
A regulating
B summoning
C allocating
D transferring
分值: 0.5
韩国语翻译器答案:C母亲节的英文
[解析] 动词词义辨析
[解析] 本句意为“美国政府……在1942年7月______600万美元以支持日托所计划”。拨出钱款常常用allocate，四个选项中也只有C项代入后符合文意。
15.
A expanded
B facilitated
C supplemented
D compensated
分值: 0.5
blushing
答案:C
[解析] 逻辑关系+动词词义辨析
[解析] 该句意为“许多州和地方社区纷纷出资——联邦政府的资助”，空格前是“许多州和地方社区”，空格后是“联邦政府的资助”，四个选项中，能使空格前后关联起来后语意正确的只有C项，该句意为“许多州和地方社区纷纷出资补充联邦政府的资助”，C为正确答案。
16.
A by
B after
C of
D for
分值: 0.5
答案:D
[解析] 固定搭配
[解析] eare for是固定搭配，意为“照顾，养活”。
get through17.
A pensions
B subsidies
C revenues
D budgets
分值: 0.5
答案:B
[解析] 近义词辨析
[解析] 空格所在句讲的是孩子们在日托中心受到良好的照顾，日托中心接收来自于联邦政府的补助金，联邦政府给日托中心的不是“养老金”，更不是“收入”、“预算”，给的只能是“补助金”，四个选项中只有B项符合句意。
18.
A prevalently
B furiously
C statistically
D drastically
分值: 0.5
答案:D
[解析] 副词词义辨析
[解析] 本句指出“此后不久，联邦政府大幅削减这项开支，后来则完全取消了”。所填副词是要修饰cut down(削减)的，四个选项中只有D项符合句意。
19.
A abolished
B diminished
C jeopardized
D precluded
分值: 0.5
答案:南京翻译A
[解析] 上下文语义关系+动词词义辨析
[解析] 由18题可知，联邦政府后来把这项开支完全取消了。A项abolish含有“取消”这层意思，B项则是“减少”意思，并非消失，C、D两项明显不合句意，故本题的正确答案是A。
20.
A nurries
B homes
C jobs
D children
分值: 0.5
答案:C
[解析] 语意逻辑关系 device是什么意思
[解析] 此句开头有however一词，表明尽管政府在战后缩减甚至取消用于建立托儿所的开支，但是预计的大多数职业母亲会在战后离开她们的工作岗位的情况并未出现，而只有少部分人放弃了工作，故选C。
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
