英语国家概况
法律英语重点与难点（二）
Chapter 3 The government of The United Kingdom.
1. Britain is the oldest reprentative democracy country.（代议民主制国家）
2. trivialKing Egbert united England under his rule in 829.
3. divine right of kings( 君权神授)：The sovereign derived his authority from God, not from his subjects. This was ud by the kings as an excu for abusing(滥用) the power. And the dispute（争论）over the power of the king and the parliament led to the civil war.
4. Civil War: In the 17th century there was a civil war in England between republican “roundhead” led by Oliver Cromwell. The roundheads succeeded in ousting(罢免) the monarch, Charles I. Charles I was executed.(处决)
5. Magna Carta: ( 英国大宪章)This is a medieval Latin name meaning “Great Charter”. In 1
friday是什么意思215, King John was forced by a group of feudal barons(贵族) and the Church to grant(允许) them a charter of liberty and political rights. Magna Carta placed some limits on the king’s ability to abu his royal power. This is still regarded as Britain’s key expression of the rights of citizens against the Crown.
6. the Bill of Rights of 1689:In 1688,King James II’s daughter Mary and her husband William were invited by the politicians and church authorities to take the throne, on condition (条件) that they would respect the rights of parliament. After this Glorious Revolution, the Bill of Rights was pasd in 1689 to ensure（保证） that the King would never be able to ignore（忽视） Parliament.
default什么意思7. the functions of Parliament: The functions of Parliament are: to pass laws, to vote for taxation, to scrutinize(细看) government policy, administration and expenditure(支出) and to debate（讨论） the major issues of the day.
8. 人力资源管理师培训班 Prime Minister and Cabinet 首相与内阁 ：To ensure good relations between crown and parliament, the king or queen met regularly with a group of important Parliamentarian
s（国会议员）, a group who become known as the Cabinet. In 1714 the new king George I ,who spoke English very badly and was not interested in politics, left the job of chairing Cabinet meetings to one of his minister. In time he came to be called the Prime minister.
9. The British Constitution consists of statue law(成文法), the common laws（普通法） and conventions（习惯法）
10. The Hou of Lords: It consists of the Lords Spiritual, (神职人员) who are the Archbishops and most prominent bishops of the Church of England; and the Lords Temporal, which refers to everyone el.
medical equipment Chapter 4 Politics
1. Importance of elections: The election is en as an opportunity to influence（影响） future government policy, or ,less positively, that whatever el the failings of the political resistive
system, at least the election provides the opportunity to “kick the rascals out”
2. vote of no confidence: This refers to a statement put forward by an MP—usually a member of an opposition party—for the Hou of Commons to vote on saying that “This hou no longer has confidence in the Government”. If the government los a “vote of no confidence” in the Hou of Commons, that is, if a majority of MPs agree, then it has effectively lost its ability to govern and is forced to resign and call a general election. An example of this happened in 1979 with the Labour government.
3. Who can stand for election as an MP?
Anyone who is eligible(有资格) to vote can stand as an MP. It is necessary only to make a deposit of 500 pounds which is lost if the candidate (侯选人) does not receive at least 5% of the vote.
4. Elections: electoral register(选举登记册)。The political parties get their electoral campaign under way(在进行中) . This involves advertiments in newspapers, door—to—河北2020年什么时候开学
door campaigning, postal deliveries of leaflets, for the main parties, strictly limited “party electoral broadcasts”on the television. The campaigns are not simply about telling people how good your policies are, but also about telling them how bad your opponents are.
5. The Political Parties: There are three major national parties: The Conrvative party, the Labour party and the Liberal Democrats. The Labour Party is the newest of the three, created by the growing trade union movement at the end of the nineteenth century. Labour is a socialist party. They believe a social should be relatively equal in economic terms, and they t up the National Health Service(全民医疗制度)。
6. The Conrvative Party: From 1979 to 1997，the Conrvative Party won 4 elections in row and was in power for a long period. Basically the Conrvatives are en as the party of the individual, protecting the individual’s right to acquire wealth and to spend it how they choo.
7. Margaret Thatcher: She was a radical in conrvative terms, committed to the idea of small government and free-market economics, and less concerned with being “fatherly”.
8. John Major . Tony Blair.
英语国家概况平时作业（二）
一． Fill in the blanks.
1. ＿＿＿，The ancestor of the prent Queen, Elizabeth II, united England under his rule in 829.
2. copycheckIn medieval times, kings would summon a group of wealthy barons and reprentatives of counties, towns and cities –called to rai money.
3. During the Civil war in the 17th century ,tho who reprented the interests of Parliament are called 扬格and tho who supported the King were called .
