The History of Barcelona
fulltestRoman Barcelona
The origins of the city of Barcelona, which have been defined thanks to archaeological引言是什么意思[,ɑ:kiə'lɔdʒikəl]清华在职研究生考古学的 remains and literary [lɪtərɛri]欺负的意思文学的 and cartographic[,kɑ:tə'ɡræfik]地图的 sources psper[sɔːrsis]发源, date from the 1st century A.D., when the Romans established a small colony around the Taber mount. In this way Barcino started, to form part of Eastern Hispania, the capital of which was Tarraco.
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The Roman cities in Catalonia were small -with the exception of Tarraco- but they formed a compact and well-linked net which covered the whole country. Some were created on the site of the old Iberian villages, some, like Barcelona, moved the established indigenous ttlements to more easy-defended plain regions, or to key positions on high points between two rivers.
In the surroundings of the colony named Barcino remains of old native ttlements have also been found, even from the late Bronze Age. The remains of the two Roman Walls, nevertheless, clearly show that the mount Taber Roman colony was the first structured urban nucleus in the whole plain. A nucleus which would be kept walled -with different outlines- until well into the nineteenth century, when the Cerdà plan of the so called “eixample” tore down the last walls to start the urban development of the rest of the plain. There, other urban centres had thrived like Sants, Gràcia or Sant Martí de Provençals.
"Barcelona organid a superb Olympic Games and emerged as a welcoming and open city. The spirit of this great sporting event goes perfectly with the warm, hospitable tradition of this Mediterranean city".
Words of the then mayor of Barcelona, Pasqual Maragall, one of the main protagonists of this historic event that meant a profound renovation of the city and of which all citizens of Barcelona will always have fond memories.
Romanesque Barcelona
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Between the fourth century and the thirteenth century the city nucleus founded by the Romans was consolidated, and a process of expansion began that later would give a definitive shape to the city. After many political upheavals and the retreat of Moorish Spain, Barcelona experienced feudalism and a growing maritime trade, which allowed it to strengthen its position as a political, religious and trade centre.
The most important features of the city’s growth were the new ravals (suburbs) and the viles noves (new hous built outside the old city) and the embellishment of the city centre.
flynAt the end of the thirteenth century a cond city wall was built to give protection to the new ravals around the Basilica of Santa Maria del Mar, where the thriving viles noves of the Mercadal, the port and the Rec Comtal were to be found.
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Gothic Barcelona
Barcelona emerged from the Middle Ages as a city that had reached the limits of its possible growth in area and in the long centuries of stagnation that followed there were some attempts to bring order to the city and its social fabric.
The walls of the 13th century sheltered the viles noves (new hous) built outside the area of the Roman city, and from the 14th century on Barcelona gained a third stretch of walls around the cultivated fields of the Raval area.
After the departure of the royal court, the Mediterranean emed small and insignificant alongside the Atlantic trade. Within the confines of the newly established city, Barcelona erected a Gothic city around its geometric and political centre, the Plaça Sant Jaume, while artisans flourished around the Basilica of Santa Maria del Mar, in the barri of La Ribera, turning Barcelona into a city of merchants, navigators, traders and professionals. Especially noteworthy about the city was the level of participation, its corporate identity, its lective and gradual approach to affairs. This was the Barcelona of the gremis (guilds).
