英语长难句阅读解析、句型提炼和句子翻译
英语长难句是非常特别的学习资源，短小精炼、便捷高效，如果加以充分利用可以极大地促进对于英语句子的结构安排、语法关系、信息传递、逻辑表达和语言表述等方面的认知和应用，增强关于英语词汇、句子和段落等的理解和写作以至翻译的能力。因此，我们应该在一段时间内进行集中强化训练，把长难句作为典型的句子进行结构解析，句型提炼和句子翻译，进而增强英语综合运用能力。下面试对长难句（1）进行结构解析、句型和句子翻译。
一、原句：
Any evaluation system in which the mere number of a rearcher's publications increas his or her score creates a strong disincentive to pursue risky and potentially groundbreaking work, becau it takes years to create a new approach in a new experimental context, during which no publications should be expected.
雅思阅读二、解析：
1. 简化结构：
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Any evaluation system … creates a strong disincentive …, …. 简化的结构是简单句主谓宾结构，主语是system，any evaluation 是主语的定语，谓语是creates，宾语是disincentive。
2. 回补成分：
2.1 Any evaluation system … creates a strong disincentive to pursue risky and potentially groundbreaking work, …, …. 回补后的成分是动词不定式短语to pursue risky and potentially groundbreaking work作disincentive后置定语，其中risky and potentially groundbreaking是并列定语修饰动词pursue的宾语work。
2.2 Any evaluation system in which the mere number of a rearcher's publications increas his or her score creates a strong disincentive to pursue risky and potentially groundbreaking work, …. 回补后的成分是定语从句，in which是介词接关系代词引导定语从句，从句的主语是the mere number， 谓语是increas，宾语是his or her score，of a rearcher's publications是后置定语修饰主语number。
2.3 Any evaluation system in which the mere number of a rearcher's publications increas his or her score creates a strong disincentive to pursue risky and potentially groundbreaking work, becau it takes years to create a new approach in a new experimental context, …. 回补后的成分是由becau的原因状语从句，主语是it作形式主语，谓语和宾语分别是takes years，实际主语是动词不定式短语to create a new approach in a new experimental context，其中a new approach是宾语，in a new experimental context是状语。
2.4 Any evaluation system in which the mere number of a rearcher's publications increas his or her score creates a strong disincentive to pursue risky and potentially groundbreaking work, becau it takes years to create a new approach in a new experimental context, during which no publications should be expected. 最后回补后的成分是非限定性定语，in which是介词接关系代词引导定语从句，主语是publications，谓语should be expected。
三、句型提炼：
本句比较长且复杂，主句的主语带有一个非限定性定语从句，而且从句本身的主语也比较长，呈现两个谓语比较近的状况，使人比较难以确定哪一个谓语动词是主句的谓语，此外，两个非限定性定语从句都是介词前置于关系代词的形式，造成一定的理解困难。
可用于写作的句型提炼如下：
主语system +定语从句in which… +谓语creates+宾语+后置定语（动词不定式）+状语becau it takes years …+非限定性定语during which…：
…piggybank system in which … creates … disincentive to pursue …, becau it takes years to create …work, during which ….
kissgoodbye歌词>拜客四、翻译：
任何一个仅仅是通过出版物来数字增加分数进而对科研人员进行评价的系统都会强烈抑制科研人员追求冒险和潜在性的创新工作，因为新的科研环境下新的方式方法需要经年累月才能进行创新，期间不应该对于出版事项抱有任何期望。解析长难句的首要目的是训练快速抓住句子的主干，进行结构分析并准确理解句子意义的能力。在此基础上，把长难句中couchsurf
的典型地道的句型提炼出来以用于句子写作，因为很大程度上，一篇文章的写作，尤其是应试性质的写作，能否获得高分取决于书面语言的呈现如何，那么句子复杂性是其中非常重要的因素。第三个目的，同时也是非常重要的目的之一，通过翻译练习对英汉语句子的语法结构和表达方式的进行辨析和对比，做到从结构关系和意义表达上透彻理解长难句并加以相应的应用。如果能够达到以上三个目的，我们就可以基本做到对长难句的充分利用进而提高英语语言的综合运用能力。
留学中介机构
一、原句：
The country has an abundance of unique, complete, and individual-level register data, which cover the entire nation and can be linked together through a personal identifier, thus providing excellent opportunities to pinpoint high-risk groups.
二、解析：
三步骤解析长难句
1. 简化结构：快速确定主句和主句中的主语、谓语和宾语成分，删除其它成分。
The country has an abundance ….
简化后的句子是主句的主谓宾结构，主语是The country，谓语是has，宾语是an abundance。
2. 回补成分：根据语法结构、信息组块和意义理解依次回补句子成分。
2.1 The country has an abundance of unique, complete, and individual-level register data, ….回补后的成分是介词短语of unique, complete, and individual-level register data作abundance的定语，其中有三个并列定语修饰介词宾语register data。
奥斯汀与艾丽
2.2 The country has an abundance of unique, complete, and individual-level register data, which cover the entire nation and can be linked together through a personal identifier, ….
回补后的成分是非限定性定语从句修饰data，关系代词which连接句子并在从句中作主语， 并列谓语是cover和can be linked，第一个并列谓语的宾语是the entire nation，第二个并列谓语有两个状语together和through a personal identifier。
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businesspartner3. 还原句子：回补最后一个成分并最终还原原来的长难句
The country has an abundance of unique, complete, and individual-level register data, which cover the entire nation and can be linked together through a personal identifier, thus providing excellent opportunities to pinpoint high-risk groups.
