Unit 1
1.The full name of Britain is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
2.The UK is made up of England , Scotland ,Wales and Northern Ireland.
Q: What are the three most descriptive words you associate most with British people?
Rerved ，modest ，humorous
Unit 2
bottle的音标she is the supreme governor of Church of England 1. Queen Elizabeth Ⅱis “Defender of the faith”, becauthq
and defends the freedom of the faith.她是英国教会的最高统治者，扞卫信仰自由
2. The executive power is in the hands of Prime Minister.
3. Nicknames of the kings or queens: Mary Ⅰ, ElizabethⅠ, Richard Ⅰ, Edward Ⅰ, William Ⅰ
Mary Ⅰ--------- Bloody Mary （Becau of the numbers of protestants executives）
ElizabethⅠ----- Virgin Queen （Becau she never married.）
Richard Ⅰ-------the “lion heart”（Becau he was famous for his exploits in the third Crusade.）Edward Ⅰ-------long shanks（becau he had long legs）
William Ⅰ-------the conqueror（he?was?the?victor?at?the?Battle?of?Hasting）
Q: What are the queen’s state functions?
①The Queen approves the appointment of Ministers and the formation of a cabinet.女王批准任命部
长，并组建内阁
②The Queen summons Parliament and introduces the ssion with a speech from the Throne in which
she summarizes the government’s program.女王召唤议会并用一场演讲介绍政府计划
③The Queen gives her asnt to Bills before they become law.法案成为法律之前要得到女王的同意
④The Queen concludes treaties and declares war , makes appointments to all offices of State and
Church , dismiss Parliament when the government has been defeated or has reached the end of its
term , and choos a new Prime Minister.宣布战争
⑤The Queen is informed and consulted on every aspect of national life.关心国民生活
⑥The Queen signs documents and receives ambassadors and important visitors from abroad.外交Unit 3
ride的过去式和过去分词
1.The constitution: statue laws, common laws and conventions.
statue laws : pasd by Parliament
common laws : be established through common practice in the courts
conventions : which are rules and practices which do not exist legally , but are nevertheless regarded as
vital to the workings of government.
2.The parliament today consist s of the Queen, the Hou of Lords and the Hou of Commons.
3.Life peers: the Lords have been appointed by the sovereign , at the suggestion of the Prime Minister.上
议院由君主任命，在总理的建议
4.MP:the member of Parliament who is elected by and reprents an electoral district of Britain known as
a constituency.由选举产生的议会议员，代表英国的一个选区，被称为选区
ganso5.Political party: Conrvative Party , Labor Party
Conrvative Party: Margaret Thatcher (the iron lady)
Labor Party: Tony Blair
Unit 6
Q: How do students in Oxford and Cambridge study? What do you think of their method?
Students at Oxford and Cambridge do not usually attend daily lectures and labs. Everyone studies ei
ther independently or in small groups guided by weekly ssions with a tutor. Tutors assign weekly essays or
short projects to track student progress. After three years, all students take exams and write rearch
papers. A faculty committee decides if they have learned enough to graduate.在牛津和剑桥的学生通常不
参加日常的讲座和实验室。每个人都在独立或小组的指导下，每周与导师指导的会议。导师分配每
avitar
周的论文或短的项目来跟踪学生的进步。三年后，所有的学生参加考试和写研究论文。由教师委员
会决定他们是否能够毕业。
Unit 8
1.Two kinds of daily papers: the quality press质量新闻, the gutter press低级报刊.
Q: What are the major difference between “the quality press” and “the gutter press”？
跑堂的
①The quality press carry more rious and in-depth articles of particular political and social importance. They
also carry reviews and feature articles about high culture and will generally be read by a
well-educated ,middle class audience.质量新闻进行更认真和深入的文章，特别是政治和社会的重要性。
他们还进行了高文化的评论和功能的文章，通常会被一个受过良好教育的中产阶级观众阅读
②The gutter press deal in scandals and gossip, usually about famous people ,whether in politics, sports or entertainment, and carry lots of crime , sports and nsational human interest stories . The stories are short , easy to read and often rely more on opinion than fact.新闻报道中的丑闻和八卦新闻，通常是名人，无论
是在政治、体育或娱乐，并进行大量的犯罪，体育和轰动的人类利益的故事。故事很短，很容易阅
读，往往比事实更依赖于意见。
2.BBC(P77)
The British Broadcasting Corporation-more familiarly known as the BBC or even "the Beeb"-is Britain's main public rvice broadcaster. It was founded in1927 as a public rvice radio station, and later moved into TV.
The BBC is funded by licen fees and viewers must buy a licen each year for their TV t. The international arm of the BBC is the BBC World Service , which broadcasts in English and 43 other languages throughout the world.英国国家广播公司俗称英国广播公司甚至“处理”是英国主要的公共服务广播。它成立于1927年作为一种公共服务广播站，后来搬到电视。英国广播公司是由许可费和观众的资金必须购买一个许
可证，每年为他们的电视机。英国广播公司的国际部门是英国广播公司的世界服务，它在世界各地的
英语和其他43种语言广播
Unit 13
England: Guy Fawkes Day—November 5
to celebrate the prervation of the British monarchy and Parliament
Scotland: Hogmanay --- the New Year’s Eve
to welcome the coming of the New Year
Burns Supper—25th January
to celebrate their beloved national poet Robert Burns
Northern England: St.Patrick’s Day----March 17
to celebrate the birthday of the patron saint of Ireland.
(The shamrock is a popular symbol to wear )
Wales: the Eisteddfod---August
to celebrate their culture and their language描写天气的词语
Q: Is it all right for the Chine people to obrve western festival? Why or why not?
Unit 14&15
Key point：Famous writes and masterpieces
1. Old English Literature: the Anglo-Saxon epic poem Beowulf盎格鲁-撒克逊《贝奥武夫》
2. Middle English literature：Geoffrey Chaucer—The Canterbury Tales杰弗里-乔叟《坎特伯雷故事集》
3. Elizabethan Drama
①Christopher Marlow----Doctor Faustus 克里斯托弗-马娄《浮士德博士》
②Ben Jonson本-琼生
③William Shakespeare
tragedies : Romeo and Juliet , Julius Caesar
comedies :The Taming of the Shrew , The Temples
history plays: Richard Ⅲ, Richard Ⅱ, Henry Ⅳ, Henry Ⅴ
Four Great Tragedies: Hamlet , Othello , King Lear , Macbeth
Four Great Comedies: The Merchant of Venice , A Mid-summer Night’s Dream ,
As you like it , Twelfth Night
【Shakespeare】
1)Shakespeare was born in 1564 and he wrote 38 plays and 154 sonners.
2)His works look at common human themes, such as betrayal, murder, lust, power, ambition, love.
3)To be , or not to be.《Hamlet》
4. The 17th century
Francis Bacon –He was a public figure and statesman , rising to the high post of Lord Chancellor.
John Milton-----the twin poems “ L’s Allegro ” , “ⅡPenroso”
约翰弥尔顿《快乐的人》《沉思的人》
Paradi Lost, Paradi Regained
《失乐园》，《复乐园》
warmingup
op什么意思
5. The 18th century
Jonathan Swift---Gulliver’s Travels
Robert Burns-----Holy Willie’s Prayer , To A Mou , To A Lou
Daniel Defoe-----Robinson Crusoe
6. Romantic period [the first third of the 19th century]
Romantic Poets:
①William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge—Lyrical Ballads
（romantic poetry’s Declaration of Independence）②Byron ,Shelley ,Keats ----brought the Romantic Movement to its height
Byron—Don Juan
Shelley--Ode to the West Wind [If winter comes , can spring be far behind?]
Keats---Ode to a Nightingale , Ode on a Grecian Urn
Novelists:
①Jane Austen------Sen and Sensibility , Pride and Prejudice , Emma , Northanger Abbey
the last of the 18th century novelists becau of her crisp , controlled studies of manners
②Charlotte ----Jane Eyre
Emily -------Wuthering Heights
Anne---------Agnes Grey （the least important of the three）
Victorian Literature
①William Makepeace Thackeray---Vanity Fair
②Charles Dickens---David Copperfield , Oliver Twist , Great Expectations , A Tale of Two Cities
③George Eliot------Middlemarch ,The Mill on the Floss , Silas Marner
④Oscar Wilde------The Ballad of Reading Gaol ,The happy Prince , The Picture of Dorian Gray , Salome , The Important of Being Earnest
英语演讲稿3分钟
⑤Thomas Hardy----The Return of the Native , Tess of the D's Urbervilles , Jude the Obscure
7. The first half of 20th century (James Joyce)
