Tensile Testing
(拉伸试验)
Tensile testing is one of the most widely ud mechanical tests.
周雯婷
A tensile test helps determining tensile properties such as tensile strength, yield point or yield strength, % elongation, % reduction in area and modulus of elasticity.
Since mechanical properties are to some extent influenced by the size and shape of the test specimen, it is customary to u standardized specimen.
The esntial feature of a round (cylindrical) test specimen are the diameter D. parallel length PL, gauge length L., and end fillet radius r. The dimensions may be t as follows:
Diameter 10mm D0
Parallel length 55mm 5.5 D0
Gauge length 50mm 5 D0
End fillet radius 3mm r
Tensile test is carried out by gripping the ends E, E of the specimen in a tensile testing machine and applying and increasing pull Fig. On to the specimen till it fractures.
During the test, the tensile load as well as the elongation of a previously marked gauge length in the specimen is measured with the help of load dial of the machine and extensometer repectively. The readings help plotting stress-strain curve as shown in Fig.
After fracture, the two pieces of the broken specimen are placed as if fixed tighter and the distance L between two gauge marks and the diameter D at the place of fracture are measured.
The various tensile properties are calculated as follows:
1. Yield strength=Load at Yield point/A0iso培训i.e.(Π/4).D02
2. Ultimate tensile strength=Ultimate load, Pmax/A0
3. % Elongation=[(L1-L0)/L0]×100
4. % Reduction in area=[(A0-A1)/ A0] ×100
5. Young’s modulus of elasticity E Stress at any point within the=elastic OA/Strain at that point
or E=PL./A.△L
6级成绩
Where P is load at any point up to the elastic limit
L. is the gauge length cockblock>cpsc
A. is original area, and
△L is the elongation of change in L. at any load P while the specimen is within the elastic zone.
Yield point 屈服点 elongation 拉长；延伸
留学中介哪个好Reduction 减少；降低校准英文 customary 通常的；惯例的
Standardize 标准（规格）化 gauge 法语歌量规；标准；尺度
Fillet 圆角；倒角 gauge length 标距；计算长度
Grip 夹紧；夹牢 previously 以前的；预先地
kukjeDial 刻度盘 extensometer 应变计；引伸仪
Plot 标绘；绘曲线 stress-strain curve 应力应变曲线（拉伸曲线）
Ultimate wiper是什么意思最后的；极限的ultimate strength 极限强度
Original area 原来面积 Elastic limit 弹性极限
Young’s modulus of elasticity （杨氏）弹性模数
