仁爱英语 八年级下Unit 6 Topic 1课文知识点

更新时间:2023-05-26 05:21:53 阅读: 评论:0

教学目标
同步教学知识内容
重点词汇短语、重点句型及交际用语
个性化学习问题解决
使役动词make, let的用法。
教学重点
使役动词make, let的用法。
教学难点
使役动词make, let的用法。
教学过程
教师活动
Unit 6 Enjoying Happy     
  Topic 1 We're going on a spring field trip.
课文词组:
1.     go on a spring field trip   去春游
2.     a two-day visit to Mount Tai   为期两天的泰山游
3.     make a decision      做出决定
4.     work in groups 小组合作
5.     find out    查找;弄清
6.     bring back   带回
7.     decide on sth.    对某事做出决定
8.     take too long    花太久(时间)
9.     book some tickets/rooms     预定车票/房间
10.  the hard/soft sleeper   硬卧/软卧
11.  pay for     付款
12.  make hotel rervation    预定酒店房间
13.  many kinds of rooms        许多类型的房间
14.  the best time to do sth.    做某事的最佳时间
15.  work out the cost    估算/算出费用
16.  do/go fund raising = rai money/ funds    筹集资金
17.  come up with  产生;想出;赶上
18.  get to (call home)  达到(打电话回家)的程度
19.  order and rve a special lunch 安排服务一段特殊的午餐
20.  ll newspapers/ old books/ flowers   卖报/旧书/
21.  organize a show  组织一场展示会
22.  notany longer = no longer 不再
dml
23.  enjoy a good trip  享受愉快的旅行
24.  at the foot of  的脚下
25.  count the students  点名
26.  look at/ appreciate the night scene        /欣赏夜景
27.  rent coats    租借大衣
28.  e the sunri    看日出
29.  land safely   安全着陆
Section A
1.  , we are going on a three-day visit to Mount Tai, 我们将去泰山进行为期两天的旅行。
(1) go on a visit “去旅游”, visit作名词。
They will go on a visit to the West Lake this Sunday. 这星期天他们将去西湖旅游。
【拓展】  visit  v. 探望,拜访;参观,游览。如:
I visited one of my old friends yesterday. 昨天我拜访了我的一位老朋友。
We will visit the Great Wall next month. 下个月我们将去游长城。
(2) a two-day visit  为期两天的旅行.
  two-day 两天的 , 这是带有数字的复合形容词,复合形容词用连字符号连接,名词要用单数。如:a 14-year-old boy  一个十四岁的男孩,  a 100-meter race  一百米赛跑.
2. Let's make the decision together. 让我们一起作出决定。
  make a decision = decide  做决定
  decide (not) to do sth. 决定()做某事
3. ... , you two find out the cost to go by train. 你们俩查一下坐火车的费用。
(1)you two “你们俩”, you是主语,two是同位语。这种“人称代词+基数词”结构表示“你(我/他)们几个”,谓语通常用复数。如:
They four are good students. 他们四个是好学生。
(2)find out (通过查询,读或看等方式)查明,弄清(情况)。如:
Can you find out what time the train leaves? 你能查清楚火车什么时候开吗?
【链接】 find
1) (意外或偶然地)发现,碰到。如:
We found a new restaurant near our office. 我们在办公室附近发现一家新餐馆。
2) (通过搜寻)找到,找回。如:
Can you find my bag for me? 你能帮我把包找到吗?
3) (通过研究,思考)发现,查明,找出,求得。如:
I tried my best to find a solution to the problem. 我尽最大努力找到了解决问题的方法。
2021上半年四六级报名时间
(3) to go by train是不定式短语作cost的定语。不定式作定语时,通常放在被修饰词之后。如:
I have a lot of work to do. 我有很多工作要做。
4. ... we'll decide on the best way to go on our field trip. ······我们将决定郊游的最好方案。
decide to do sth.  决定做某事
  decide (not) to do sth. 决定()做某事
She decided to live in France. 她决定住在法国。
They decide not to go there for their holiday. 他们决定不去那儿度假。
5. They are discussing ways to rai money. 他们正在讨论筹钱的方式。
rai 作动词,有“筹集,征集,召集,组建”的意思。如:
We are raising money for the sick student. 我们正在为那个患病的学生筹钱。
【拓展】 rai 作动词还有
1)“提升,举起,提起”的意思。如:
Rai your head, and you can e a map on the wall. 抬起头,你能看到墙上的地图。
2)饲养(动物)。如:
My grandma likes raising dogs. 我奶奶爱养狗。
reconciliation
区别:all, wholetotal。“完全的,整个的”。
all “全部的,所有的”,着重于整体。可修饰可数名词和不可数名词。其位置一般在限定词(定冠词、物主代词、that等)之前,如
all the time, all his life, all that afternoon等。例如:
It's good to e all my teachers and friends again. 我又见到所有的老师和朋友们真是高兴。
whole“整个的,整体的”,强调没有任何一部分或一种成分被忽略、遗漏或减少,表示完整无缺。注意wholeall在名词短语中的位置是不同的,它用于冠词、物主代词、所有格或其他限定词之后。例如:
The whole building is in danger of collapsing. 整个大楼有倒塌的危险。
It rains for three whole days. 雨下了整整三天。
total“完全的,总的,全部的”,指毫无例外地把一切统计在内,指金额、数量、程度等的全部。例如:
The work was a total failure. 这项工作完全失败了。
The total number of the students in our school is 1500. 我校学生总数是1500人。
complete“完全的,完整的,完成的”,表示所需要的或正常的部分都有了,无需增加,因而已经完整、完善,符合标准或达到目的。或指全部完成,并达到预定的标准和目的。例如:
This is a complete t of dishes. 这是一整套盘碟。
The work is now complete. We can have a holiday. 这件工作现在完成了,我们可以休假了。
Section B
1.... , I'd like to book some tickets to Mount Tai on March 13th. 我想预订三月十三日去泰山的票。
(1)book  v. (向旅馆、饭店、戏院等)预订,预约。如:
He booked a table for two at 8 o'clock tonight. 他预订了一张今晚八点钟的二人餐桌。
(2)on March 13th.  “在三月十三日,在具体某一天和某一天的上午、下午、晚上用介词on。如:
on the morning of July 1st 在七月一日的上午
on Sunday afternoon 在星期天下午
on a cold night 在一个寒冷的晚上
2. We have tickets at ¥ 145 for the hard sleeper and ¥ 224 for the soft sleeper.我们的的票价是硬卧票每张145元,软卧票每张224元。
1at 在句中表……的价格. 一般用在表示价格、比率、年龄、速度等词的前面。:
We’ve got tickets at ¥80 for The Sound of Music.
我们有80元一张的《音乐之声》门票。
(2)tickets for/to sth. ······的票,券。如:
a ticket for/to Harry Potter V. 一张《哈利·波特5》的电影票
a speeding/ parking ticket 一张超速/违章停车罚单
3. ..., I want to make a room rervation. ······,我想预订房间。
make a rervation 预订。如:
I'll call the restaurant and make a rervation. 我会给饭店打电话订餐。
【辨析】 make a rervationbook都表示“预订”,但是make a rervation 后不接宾语,而book是及物动词,必须接预定的对象。如:
He called the cinema and made a rervation. 他给电影院打电话订票。
You can book the movie ticket by phone. 你可以通过电话预定电影票。
4. I want to book 10 standard rooms with two single beds 我想订10间有两张单人床的标准房间
    with 结构在句中作定语,修饰前面的名词,表特征。如:
    a girl with light hair 一个金发女郎      a boy with big eyes 一个大眼睛男孩
区别:peopleperson
1people“人们,国民,人民,百姓,家人”等时,是复数名词。
There were a lot of people at the party. 聚会上有许多人。
He doesn't care what people think of him. 他不在乎别人对他的看法。
people“民族,种族”时,是可数名词。如:
There are 56 peoples in our country. 我们国家有56个民族。
(2)person有“人,个人,某人”等意思,是可数名词。如:
She is a clever person. 她是个聪明人。
I saw two persons in the room. 我看到房间里有2个人。
Section C
1. It is very common to rai money in Canadian and American schools. 在加拿大和美国的学校里,筹钱很常见。
1红楼梦英文to rai money动词不定式在句中是真正的主语, it只是形式主语,是为了避免“头重脚轻”。
动词不定式在句中作主语时,谓语动词用单数。如:
To make a mistake is human. 人无完人。
To e is to believe. 眼见为实。
To work hard brings success. 成功源于努力。
2rai 及物动词,表示筹集外,还表举起;使升高,一般指把某物从低处抬到高处。
如:
She raid her hand. 她举起了她的手。
favoriteHe raid his glass to Mr. Li.他举杯向李先生祝贺。
【拓展】  ri 不及物动词,表示上升;升起;上涨一般指事物本身由低处移到高处。如:
The sun ris in the east. 太阳从东边升起。
The river/ price ro. 河水上涨了。
2. Some schools come up with great ideas, such as "King or Queen for a day". 一些学校想出了一些好主意,例如“一日国王或皇后”。
 come up with 表示想出;产生; 赶上 如:
 Suddenly he came up with a strange idea. 突然间他想出了一个奇怪的主意。
  We came up with the train in time. 我们及时赶上了火车。
3. It costs each student one dollar to buy a ticket for the draw. 每个学生花一美元买抽签的票。
(1)each  adj. 每个的,各自的。如:
Each student has an English-Chine dictionary. 每个学生都有一本英汉词典。
each  pron. 各自,每个。如:
Each of them did well in English. 他们每个人英语都学得很好。
【辨析】  eachevery
1)each可作形容词、代词,every只能作形容词;
2)each可加of构成短语,而every不能;
3)each用于单数名词之前时,后接单数动词,each用于复数主语之后时,谓语用复数,而every后的谓语只能用单数。如:
Each child likes playing with something. 每个孩子都喜欢玩一些什么东西。
They each want to go on a filed trip. 他们每个人都想去郊游。
Every boy was there and each did his best. 所有的男孩儿都在那儿,而且每个人都尽了力。
(2)draw  n. 抽奖,抓阄。
the draw of the European Cup 欧洲杯的抽签
【拓展】1draw还可以作动词,意为“抽奖,抓阄”。如:
The students is drawn to be a king. 中奖的学生将作为国王。
2draw作动词,“绘画”。如:
He drew a beautiful picture with a stick in the sand. 他用树枝在沙滩上画了一幅美丽的图画。 3)此句是cost花费。
其他句型为It takes sb. some money/ time to do sth.花了某人多少钱/时间做某事。
区别:spend, cost, take, pay 意为花费
1)spend意为“花费,花(时间,金钱等)”时,其主语是人,常用结构为: sth.(in) doing sth. 如:
How much did you spend on your new car? 你花的多少钱买的新汽车?
I spend too much time (in) watching television. 我看电视花的时间太多。
2)cost意为“花费,值(多少钱)”,其主语是物。如:
The dress cost me 158 yuan. 这条裙子花了我158元。
3)take意为“花费”时,多指花费时间。其常用句型为“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”。如:
It will take us three years to finish the work. 我们将花费三年时间去完成这项任务。
4)pay意为“付款,付酬”时,其主语是人,常用结构为:如:
The family paid 300,000 yuan for the hou. 这家人花了30万元买了这座房子。
He'll pay for the meal. 他将买单/为这顿饭付款。
Unit 5 Topic1中已经学到,来回忆一下。
4. The student sits in the headmaster's chair for the day and even can u the headmaster's cellphone to call home. 这个学生可以坐在校长的座位上,甚至可以(达到)使用校长的手机打电话回家(的程度)。
  get to + 地点,表到达某处如:They always get to school on time. 他们总是按时到校。
  get to do  达到做某事(的程度); 开始(感觉到,认识到,成为)如:
  After a time, you get to realize that the things dont matter. 过段时间你会觉得这些事情并不要紧。
5. I'm looking forward to hearing from you. 我盼望着收到你的来信。
1look forward to “期待,盼望”。在此句短语中,to是介词,后面接名词或动名词。如:
I'm looking forward to eing you again. 我期待着再次见到你。
Children look forward to the festival.孩子们盼着过节。
(2)hear from “收到······的来信”,后面接某人,指收到某人的来信。相当于get/receive a letter from sb. 。如:
I heard from my mother yesterday. = I got /received a letter from my mother yesterday. 昨天我收到了妈妈的来信。
【链接】  hear of 听说(间接的)。如:
I hear of him, but I didn't know him. 我听说过他,但我不认识他。
Section D
1. As soon as we arrived there, we began to climb Mount Tai. 我们一到那里,就开始登泰山。
as soon as “一······就······”,是连词短语,引导时间状语从句。如果主句是将来时,从句中应用一般现在时表示将要发生的事。如:
男生什么发型好I will call you as soon as I get to Shanghai. 我一到上海就给你打电话。
As soon as the teacher came in, the students stopped talking. 老师一进来,学生们就不讲话了。
【拓展】  as soon as possible 尽快。如:
I will come here as soon as possible. 我将尽快赶来。
2. We saw the sunri and the a of clouds on Mount Tai and then visited Dai Temple in the daytime. 在泰山上我们看了日出和云海,白天我们又游览了岱庙。
1Mount Tai “泰山”,注意首字母均应大写。
(2)the a of clouds 云海
(3)in the daytime “在白天”,相当于in the day, 反义短语是at night, 表示“在晚上”。
3. In the evening, we had a big dinner in a local restaurant. 晚上,我们在当地的饭店吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐。
local  adj. 当地的,地方的。如:
When I feel bad, I often go to e the local doctor. 当我感觉不舒服时,我常去看当地的医生。
【拓展】 local作名词,“当地人,本地人”,常用复数。如:
He asked one of the locals how to go to the airline. 他问一个当地人去航空公司怎么走。
重点语法
(结果状语从句
1)  , so 因此, 常与becau 引导的原因状语从句转换. :
 We don’t have much money, so we should go fund raising.
 = Becau we don’t have much money, we should go fund raising.
 Helen is worried about her trip cost, so she is sad.海伦担心她的旅行费用,因此她很难过。
 = Helen is sad becau she is about her trip cost. 海伦很难过是因为她担心旅行的费用。
2)      so that 如此 以致于…”, 如结果表否定时,常与too + adj./ adv. +to do sth.句型转换.
a)  主语 + be + so + adj. + that + 句子
e.g.: I was so tired that I couldn’t go on any longer. = I was too tired to go on any longer.
  The cost is so expensive that we should rai money.
b)  主语 + 实义动词+ so + adv. + that + 句子
e.g.: He plays basketball so well that we all like to play with him. 他球打得如此好,以致于我们都喜欢他。
  He got up so late that he couldn’t catch the bus. 他起床如此迟,以致他赶不上车。
  = He got up too late to catch the bus. 他起床起得太迟了而不能赶上车。
3)  so that 结果
e.g.: Jane often makes noi so that I can not fall asleep.
珍妮经常吵闹,结果我无法入睡。
(动词不定式
1) 作表语, 常用在系动词之后.
Your group’s task is to find out the cost to go by train.
你小组的任务是去弄清搭火车的费用。
She ems to be happy.  她似乎很快乐。
2) 作主语, 常用it(形式主语)代替, 不定式放在后面做真正主语.
It is hard to say.  很难说。
It is important to learn English well. 学好英语非常重要。
4)作宾语, 常用在want; like; hope; begin; try; forget; learn; plan; decide; need 等及物动词后,构成动宾结构。
I want to buy some books.  我想去买一些书。
She likes to join the English Club. 她喜欢加入英语俱乐部。
We hope to be teachers.  我们希望成为教师。
Don’t forget to call me.  别忘了打电话给我。
5) 作宾补,
6)作定语,常用在被修饰的名词/代词之后。
I have some exciting news to tell you.  我有一些令人激动的消息告诉你。
I want something to drink.       我想要些喝的东西。
四、口语应用
预订车票、房间:
Can I help you? / What can I do for you?
Yes. I want/ would like to book
Which kind of ticket o you want, the hard sleeper or the soft sleeper?
What kind of room do you have?
How many do you want?
How much does cost?
May I have your name and your number?
affects
动词不定式
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形,有时可以不带to。动词不定式(或不定式短语)没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍保留动词的特点,即可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
1.作主语
作主语用的动词不定式常常用it替代,动词不定式(或短语)放在后面。例如:
dirtyIt's easy to get lost in a big city like Tokyo.在东京这样的大城市容易迷路。
It is terrible to e the ship sinking into the a.目睹轮船沉入大海,真是太可怕了。
2.作宾语
Indians like to eat hot food.印度人喜欢吃辣味食品。
They need to look at a map.他们需要查看地图。
有的动词不定式在作带有补足语的宾语时,前面往往带有形式宾语it。例如:
Do you think it necessary for us to learn to wait?你认为学会等待对我们来说很必要吗?
They improved the software to make it easier for people to u computers.他们改进了软件,使人们使用计算机更简便了。
3.作表语轻松调频
It ems to be an interesting book.它看起来是本有趣的书。
The old man's job is to take care of the flowers in the garden.这位老人的工作是照料花园里的花。
4.作宾语补足语
He told me not to bring you anything.他叫我不要给你带任何东西。
Who taught you to play the music?谁教你弹这支曲子的?
5.作定语
动词不定式作定语时,要放在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。例如:
In my dreams I always have very difficult jobs to do.我在梦里总是做一些艰难的工作。
Every day he made one of the smaller animals bring him something to eat.他每天叫一个小动物给他带来吃的东西。
6.作状语
1)表示目的
You can hide under my at when the conductor comes to check the tickets.当列车员来查票时,你可以藏在我的座位下面。
In his third yearhe left Harvard to work for a company called Microsoft.在三年级时,他为了去微软公司工作而离开了哈佛大学。
2)表示结果
动词不定式作状语表示结果时常与副词tooenough连用。例如:
It's too heavy to carry.太重了搬不动。
The Californian ship arrived too late to save more people.加利福尼亚号来得太晚,没能挽救更多的人。
7.和某些形容词连用
和动词不定式经常连用的形容词有surereadyhappysorryafraid等。例如:
He's very happy to e his wife.他见到妻子非常高兴。
I'm sorry to trouble you.很抱歉打扰你了。
8.和疑问词whowhatwhenwherewhichhow构成不定式短语作宾语。例如:
I don't know how to u a computer.我不知道怎样使用计算机。
Can you tell me when to start?你能告诉我什么时候出发吗?
不带to的动词不定式
在感官动词ehearwatchlook atlisten tofeelnotice等以及使役动词makelethave等后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时应省去不定式符号to。例如:
我们老师让我们把这些单词抄写十遍。
误:Our teacher made us to copy the words ten times
注意:将此句改为被动句时,省去的不定式符号to应加上。例如上句若改为被动语态应是:
We were made to copy the words ten times by our teacher
在动词help后跟不定式作宾语或宾语补足语时,既可带to,也可不带to。例如:
Jim helpedtofinish the work.吉姆帮着完成了那项工作。
Father helped ustodecorate the Christmas tree.爸爸帮我们装饰了那棵圣诞树。
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