Being Gay in China
作者：
来源：《联合国青年技术培训》2013年第03期
同性恋在中国
With the rapid development of LGBT （lesbian， gay， bixual， and transgender） movement， homoxuals in many countries like Netherland， Norwayhsc， Sweden， Demark， Finland， Iceland，iwill Australiahow i wish， New Zealand， Argentina， South Africa， the U.S. and Canada have obtained social and civil rights like marriage and adoption as their heteroxual counterparts.
Following up with a report of the United Nations Human Rights Council （UNHRC） documented violations of the rights of LGBT people， including hate crime， criminalization of homoxuality， and discrimination， the UNHRC adopted its first resolution on LGBT rights in 2011 and urged all countries to enact laws to protect LGBT rights.
Although China has a history of being tolerant to homoxuality， the LGBT movement is developing relatively slowly. So far， no civil rights law is in place to protect from discrimination or harassment on the basis of xual orientation or gender identity and LGBT people are still facing social discrimination and pressures from different aspects，日语聊天室 including the traditional culture and family.
随着LGBT运动的迅速发展，同性恋者在许多国家诸如荷兰、挪威、瑞典、丹麦、芬兰、冰岛、澳大利亚、新西兰、阿根廷、南非、美国和加拿大已经在社会权利和民权方面，如婚姻和收养，获得了和异性恋者相同的权利。
联合国人权理事会（UNHRC）的一份报告记录了包括仇视性犯罪、对同性恋行为的刑事定罪和歧视在内违反LGBT权利的行为，随后联合国人权理事会在2011年通过首项LGBT权利决议并要求所有国家制定法律保护LGBT权利。
尽管中国历史上对同性恋采取宽容态度，LGBT运动却相对发展缓慢。目前为止，并没有适当的民权法保护他们免受基于性取向和性别认同的歧视和骚扰，LGBT仍然面临来自包括传统文化和家庭在内的不同方面的社会歧视和压力。
Social Pressure to Marry
and to Reproduce
婚姻和生育的社会压力
The continuation of the family lineage is considered as a very important family duty. As a result， the opposite x marriage and begetting children become a moral duty and an inescapable obligation to each Chine. As a Chine saying goes， "Of all who lack filial piety， the worst is he who has no children”. Under this tradition， homoxuals are definitely under pressure to marry and to produce offsprings. In that n， it is considered that homoxuality interferes with the bloodline prervation.
In addition， like in many cultures， the Chine family structure is bad on the heteroxual partnership. Therefore， homoxuality is often regarded as “unusual” and even considered shameful to the family. "Traditional Chine culture defines a marriage as being between a man and a woman. When two men marry， it is regarded as immoral，
" Professor Zhang Beichuan 怎么提高口才能力（张北川） at Qingdao University said. Therefore， many homoxuals are not willing to disclo their xual orientation to their parents and feel guilty coming out to their parents. And many parents with homoxual children never speak with anyone， especially other family members， about what puts them in shame.
With the one-child policy， a further pressure is added to Chine homoxuals as the child becomes the vesl of all of the hopes and dreams of two people. Many homoxual’s parents still hold out hopes that one day their children will marry the opposite x or pressure their children to marry the opposite x， becau they want to have grandsons and granddaughters. Therefore， it is uncommon to hear questions and comments like “what about marriage？” and “it is just not right to end up with the same x” in the family.
建筑培训网家族血脉的延续被视为一项重要的家庭责任，因此异性婚姻和生儿育女成为每个中国人的一项道德义务和不可逃避的责任。中国有句古话：不孝有三，无后为大。在这种传统下，同性恋无疑要迫于压力去结婚生子。在这个意义上，人们认为同性恋妨碍香火的延续。
英语四六级报名网址
此外，和许多文化一样，中国的家庭结构是建立在异性伴侣关系基础之上的。因此同性恋通常被视为“不正常的”，甚至是家庭的耻辱。中国传统文化对婚姻的定义是异性婚姻。青岛大学张北川教授说：“人们认为两个男人结婚是不道德的。”因此，许多同性恋不愿意向他们的父母透露他们的性取向并觉得向父母表明性取向有一种负罪感。许多同性恋者的家长从未向任何人尤其是其他家庭成员说起过这件让他们感到羞耻的事情。
amazed 独生子女政策加剧了中国同性恋的压力，因为他们承载了父母全部的希望和梦想。许多同性恋者的家长对他们的孩子仍然抱有希望，希望他们有一天会和异性结婚或者迫于压力与异性结婚，因为他们想抱孙子，孙女。在他们的家庭中总是会有这样的声音：“结婚吧？”以及“和同性在一起生活是不应该的。”
Chine society does not offer a harmonious environment for homoxuals to live freely. Many of them have to conform to the social expectations. As a result， a great number of homoxuals are forced to get married somebody from the oppod x. " Traditionally， gay men will marry women to hide their xual orientation， which in many cas brings a lot of pain to the family，" said Xiao Tie （小铁）， a program direc
tor at the Beijing LGBT Center，csav an organization that provides social rvices and advocacy programs for local lesbian， gay， bixual and transgender communities.
In the end， many homoxuals are living a double life. According to Professor Wei Wei （魏伟）， a sociologist from Shanghai’s East China Normal Universitythe lottery， as many as 90% of Chine gays marry the opposite x， but in western nations very few homoxuals would enter into a heteroxual marriage， as many would remain single or live together or marry other homoxuals.
The “forced” marriages create a “tong qi phenomenon”. “Tong qi” or “homo wives” means the wife of any gay man. It is a unique social phenomenon， which is hardly found outside of China. Professor Li Yinhe estimated that 16 million women are stuck in fake marriages to gay men. In many cas， “tong qi” are unaware of their partner’s true xual orientation before getting married. “They have either become a tool for carrying on the family line， or become the protective umbrella to conceal their husbands' identity." Professor Zhang Beichuan explained.
