阅读理解-词义猜测（二）
A
(2018·绵阳市高中第一次诊断)
David Rees runs a truly distinctive business.He charges customers$15 to sharpen their pencils to perfection，using a variety of tools.
I know what you're thinking—is this a joke？The 39yearold gets asked that question a lot.To clarify everything，he even created a special ction on his website telling everyone he's actually providing a real rvice.
You can supply your own pencil or you can have Rees sharpen one of his own favorite 2B pencils.After that，he mails it to you in a display tube with the shavings in a parate bag，and an authentic certificate which just happens to mention the pencil is so sharp as to be a dangerous object.
To achieve the desired result，the master sharpener us all kinds of tools，including general sandpaper，pocket knives and even a special$450 sharpening machine.“It depends on what the customer wants to u his/her pencil for，”he says.That determines the most appropriate pencilsharpe
ning technique.Some customers buy pencils as inspirational symbols while others buy them becau of their special memories of classic 2B pencils.
$15 to have a pencil sharpened is a bit expensive though，right？You're not the only one who feels that way，and David's unique business has really angered lots of people，who talk of inequality in America，saying it is so insane for the wealthy to pay$15 to sharpen a pencil.But others will say，“This is just our urge to put an end to the welfare state becau new ideas ari along with the business.”
David admits his trade is sort of unusual.But there are tho who actually value his rvice，as is proven by the over 500 orders he has gotten.47vcd
1．How could David make money by sharpening pencils?
A．He invented new tools for the job.
B．He promoted his skill on his website.
ipqcC．He saved lots of time for other people.
D．He provided quality rvice for his customers.
2．From his words，we can infer that David Rees ________.
A．knows all kinds of pencil urs
B．provides personalized rvices
C．values ideas behind the pencils体育用品 英文
D．always writes in pencil
3．What does the underlined word“insane”(in Paragraph 5)mean?
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A．Deliberate. B．Rewarding.
C．Unreasonable. D．Irresponsible.
4．What ems to be the author's attitude to David Rees' trade?
A．It's a fancy rvice.
B．It has a good reputation.
C．It's awfully expensive.
D．It wastes time and money.
【解题导语】本文主要介绍了一个人提供为他人削铅笔的独特服务。
【难句分析】You're not the only one who feels that way, and David's unique business has really angered lots of people，who talk of inequality in America，saying it is so insane for the wealthy to pay$15 to sharpen a pencil.
分析：本句是一个复合句。两个who都引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，分别修饰先行词the only one和lots of people；sharpen a pencil是现在分词短语作伴随状语。
译文：你不是唯一一个这样想的人。David独特的生意真的激怒了很多谈论美国的不平等的人，他们说富人为了削铅笔而付15美元实在是疯了。
1．D 考查推理判断。根据第四段第一句“To achieve the desired result，the master ven a special$450 sharpening machine”可推知，主人公给客户提供高质量的削铅笔服务，故选D。A项错在主人公为了工作发明新工具，文章中只是提到了运用各种工具，并没有提到发明新工具；B项错在主人公在他的网站上宣传他的技能，根据第二段可知，主人公在网站上解释了自己的工
作，而非宣传技能；C项错在主人公为他人节省了很多时间，文章中对此并没有提及，故排除。
2．B 考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“It depends on what the customer wants to u his/her pencil for”可知，主人公会给客户提供个性化的服务，故选B。
3．C 考查词义猜测。根据第五段第一句“$15 to have a pencil sharpened is a bit expensive though，right”，并结合第二段第一句“I know what you're thinking—is this a joke”可推知，此处的insane意为“十分愚蠢的，疯狂的”，故选C。deliberate“故意的”；re warding “值得做的”；irresponsible“不负责任的”。
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4．A 考查观点态度。根据全文的整体内容可知，作者认为主人公所提供的削铅笔服务是与众不同的、别致的，故选A。
heyohB
(2018·淄博模拟)
When Columbus‘sailed the ocean blue in 1492’ he wasn't looking for America，he was arching for a route from Spain to China; America just got in the way.
ropeThe Spanish were after the riches of Asia：silk，dates, spices.Until later adventurers discovered how to sail to the Far East，trade with China depended on the Silk Road.The trade between China and Europe brought huge wealth，so the Spanish had a strong desire to find a new way to the East.Eventually a way appeared；as a traffic developed from the 17th Century onwards，the overland route diminished.
Now China is eking to revive(复兴)the Silk Road and is preparing to invest 4 trillion pounds in new roads，rail links，oil pipelines and other basic facilities.It is hoped that goods can be shipped westwards by land far more quickly and economically than by a.
But the plan is also to attract more tourists.Actually，China does pretty well for tourists already；it's the world's fourth most visited country.Two cities—Beijing and Shanghai—posss the tourism business，with significant interest in destinations such as Xi'an and Chengdu.While Beijing is modern，cities such as Lanzhou and Dunhuang have one foot planted firmly in old China.
Other places featured include Xi'an，the former capital of China，where you can come face to face with the Terracotta Army built to protect China's first emperor in the afterlife.From Lanzhou tour members take the train to Jiayuguan，China's western gateway and a key location on the Silk Road.
There is also a fourday coach journey along the original Silk Route through the Xinjiang region to Kashgar.Along the way，at Kurla，you can visit the ruins of the Iron Fortress.
1．What does the underlined word“diminished” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Discovered. B．Disappeared.
C．Disturbed. D．Displayed.
2．What is the purpo of reviving the Silk Road?
A．To rebuild the ruins of the Iron Fortress.
B．To construct new roads and other basic structures.
C．To make transportation westwards faster and cheaper.
D．To draw more inland tourists' attention to the western gateway.
3．What is the best title for the text?
A．The charming of the Silk Road
B．The function of the Silk Road
C．The origin of the Silk Road
D．The future of the Silk Road
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。在古代，丝绸之路促进了东西方商品和文化的交流，后来没落了。但是最近几年，中国复兴丝绸之路的计划使它又焕发了活力、魅力。
1．B 词义猜测题。该题提问的是画线词的含义。根据第二段最后两句中的“the Spanish had a strong desire to find a new way to the East.Eventually a way appeared；as a traffic developed from the 17th Century onwards”可知，当时西班牙人找到了一条更快、更方便的通往中国的海路，因此随着海上贸易的发展，那条陆地上的丝绸之路逐渐废弃、消失不见了。由此可推断出，“diminish”应意为“消失”。故选B。
2．C 细节理解题。It is hoped that goods can be shipped westwards by land far more quickly and economically than by a.(第三段第二句)
译文：中国希望通过陆地比通过海洋能够更快、更经济地将商品运送至西方。
该题提问的是复兴丝绸之路的目的是什么。根据关键句可知，这是为了更快、更便宜地将商品输送至西方。故选C。
3．A 标题概括题。根据文章内容可判断出，本文主要讲述的是：在最近几年，丝绸之路又焕发出了魅力和活力，它不仅方便了商品的运输，而且促进了中国旅游业的发展。A 项体现了本文的主题，适合用作标题。故选A。
C
(2018·烟台诊断)
Grandparents who help out occasionally with childcare in their community tend to live longer than niors who do not care for other people，according to a study from Berlin，Germany.
“Having no contact with grandchildren at all can negatively impact grandparents' health.This link could be deeply rooted in our evolutionary past when help with childcare was important for the survival of the human species，”said Sonja Hilbrand，one of the rearchers.
The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70.Overall，after accounting for grandparents' age and general state of health，the risk of dying over a 20year period was onethir
d lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren，compared with grandparents who provided no childcare.
Caregiving was associated with a longer life even when the care receiver wasn't a relative.Half of all childless niors who provided support to friends or neighbors
lived for ven years after the study began，while nonhelpers lived for four years on average.
“Caregiving may give caregivers a purpo of life becau they may feel uful for others and society.Caregiving may be thought also as an activity that keeps caregivers physically and mentally active，”said Professor Bruno Arpino.
Arpino noted，however, that caregiving is not the only activity that can improve health and that too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities like working，being in social clubs，or volunteering.“Children should take_into_account their parents' needs，willingness，and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare，”he suggested.
“It is very important that every individual decides for himlf/herlf, what ‘proper amounts of help' m
eans，”Hilbrand said，adding，“As long as you do not feel stresd about the intensity (强度)of help you provide you may be doing something goo d for others as well as for yourlf.”
1．What is the caregiving study bad on?
A．Human evolutionary history.
B．Demand of modern society.
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C．Social contact between relatives.
D．Data on many elderly people.
2．In Arpino's opinion，childcare ________.
A．is sure to keep old people away from illness
B．allows old people to live a more meaningful life
C．creates more job opportunities for old people
D．makes social activities inaccessible to old people
3．What does the underlined part“take into account”in Paragraph 6 probably mean?
A．Limit. B．Ignore.
C．Favor. D．Consider.
1．What does the last paragraph tell us?
spice girlsA．Grandparents can do anything in their own interests.
出国咨询B．Grandparents should share more social responsibilities.
C．Proper amounts of childcare do good to grandparents.
D．Caregiving guarantees every grandparent a longer life.
【解题导语】德国柏林一项研究发现，祖父母适当地帮忙照顾孙辈比不照顾孙辈的老年
