动词分类
根据动词的不同功能，动词可分为四大类：实义动词，助动词，情态动词，短语动词。
jast
从是否需要宾语来分，实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词两类。
1)及物动词 后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词，叫做及物动词(transitive verb)。如：
I believe that the committee will consider our suggestion.我相信委员会将会考虑我们的建议。
“How long can I keep the book ?”Harry asked.哈里问：“这本书我能够借多久?”
Dr. Bethune t us a good example. 白求恩大夫给我们树立了好榜样。
Crude oil contains many uful substances.原油含有很多有用的物质。
2)不及物动词 本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词，叫做不及物动词(intransitive verb)。如：
Birds fly.鸟会飞。
It happened in June 1932.这件事发生于一九三；年六月。
My watch stopped.我的表停了。
guarded
She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening. 她在昨天晚上的会上发了言。
3)兼作及物动词和不及物动词 英语里有很多实义动词能够兼作及物动词和不及物动词。这样的动词又有两种不同的情况：
a)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，意义不变。试比较：
Shall I begin at once?我能够立刻开始吗?(begin作不及物动词)
She began working as a librarian after she left school.她毕业后当图书馆管理员。(began作及物动词)
When did they leave Chicago?他们是什么时候离开芝加哥的？(leave 作及物动词)
They left last week. 他们是上周离开的。(left 作不及物动词)
b)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，有时意义不尽相同。如：
Wash your hands before meals.饭前要洗手。
caravelleDoes this cloth wash well? 这布经得起洗吗?
4) 与汉语的比较 有时英语动词的及物和不及物的用法，与汉语的用法不一样，请注意下列两种情况：
a)有的动词在英语里只能用作不及物动词，而汉语则可用作及物动词，如arrive到达，agre
e同意，1isten听。英语里这些动词后面常接介词。如：
We arrived at the railway station at noon.我们于中午到达火车站。(at不能省去)(比较：We reached the railway station at noon.)
Everybody listened to the lecture with great interest.每个人都很有兴趣地听讲课。(to不可省去)(比较：We all heard the lecture.)
Do they agree to the plan?他们同意这个计划吗?(to不可省去)
b)有的动词在英语里能用作及物动词，而在汉语里则不能用作及物动词，如rve为…服务。
Our children are taught to rve the people wholeheartedly.我们的儿童被教以全心全意为人民服务
当我们提起助动词，它的功能顾名思义就是协助实义动词---协助实义动词改变时态，单复数，说话者的意思（变成否定句和疑问句）。助动词主要有：do(does, did), be(am, is, are, was, were), have(has, had), shall (should), will (would).
1） 改变时态
He always gets up at 6am.
He will get up at 6am.
He would get up at 6am.
He is getting up now.
He was getting up.
He has already got up.
He had already got up.
2） 改变单复数
I am getting up now
You are getting up now.
He is getting up now.
They are getting up now.
I have done this job.
You have done this job.
He has done this job.
I was wrong.
You were wrong.
She was wrong.
They were wrong.
3） 肯定变否定
He always plays football.
He doesn’t always play football.
He played football yesterday.
queenie
He didn’t play football yesterday.
He is working now.
He is not working now.
He has finished this job.
He has not finished this job.
英语四级成绩查询时间 He will do this job.
He will not do this job.
4） 提问
He always plays football.
Does he always play football?
He played football yesterday.
Did he play football yesterday?
He is working now.
Is he working now?
He has finished this job.
Has he finished this job?
He will do this job.
Will he do this job?
三 情态动词
情态动词表示说话人的感情，需要，态度等。情态动词的最大特点是后面必须加动词原形。主要的情态动词有：can (只有过去时could), be able to（有各种时态）, may (只有过去时might), must, should, ought to
1 can (could), be able to
• Can 表示能够干某事。
1 He can repair computers.
2 She told me that he could repair computers.
3 He could run very fast 10 years ago.
• Can 表示允许干某事。
1 You can go home now.
2 You can u my computer, but you have to return it back to me tomorrow.
• Can 表示可能性和猜测。
1 He can be right.
benchmark什么意思 2 They can be twins.
• Could 除了作can的过去时，还表示说话者委婉的语气。
1 Could I give you a hand to lift this heavy box upstairs?
2 Could you be very kind to give me a hand plea?
3 Could you plea turn down the radio a little bit?
六月英文• Be able to 表示能够干某事，能够有各种时态。
1 He is able to repair computers.
2 He will be able to go home in two moths.
3 He has been able to speak fluent English for two years.
4 He told me that he had been able to drive a truck for two years.
2 may (might)
• May 表示允许。
1 You may u my computer.
2 May I smoke in this room?
监理工程师培训 3 He told me that I might smoke in this room.
4 He told me that I might u his computer for two days.
• Might 除了是may 的过去式，还表示说话者委婉的语气。
1 Might I smoke here?
2 Might I u your computer?
3 must, should, ought to, have to (has to)
• Must, should, ought to表示因为主观原因而必须干某事，强烈水准从must到ought to依次递减。他们只有一
luanshijiaren 种时态。
You must go there.
You must not go there.瑞思学科英语
Must I go there?
You should go there.
You should not go there.
Should I go there?
You ought to go there.
You ought not (to) go there.
Ought I(to) go there?
