Week 1
Part I Gap-filling
Many parents depend on punishment as a way of disciplining their children or punishing them for misbehavior. Punishment can take many 1 . Some parents physically punish their children in different ways. Other parents 2 punish their children，for example，by threatening or shouting at them．Still others u various punishments，such as making their children sit in a corner.
Rearch 3 shows that punishing children may work in the short run，but it does not work in the long run．In the short run，it stops 4 behavior．Children will generally stop using bad words，for example，if they are scolded riously，punished with a slap on the behind，or not given the desrt．The dramatic 5 that often follows punishment can immediately reinforce an adult．More often than not，this success can tempt a parent to u the punishment 6 .
The tricky condition comes later，however，often well after the punishing 亮闪闪7 is over. In the 1ong run，punishment is likely to cau veral problems. One is that to be effective，punishment must be rather 8 . A mother’s shaking her head in mild disapproval is 9 to stop children from fighting; for some, only loud words and physical punishment will work. But rious punishment does great 10 to a young child—a thorough spanking(用手掌打屁股)risks physical harm and abu and can be a humiliating(屈辱的)experience.
[A]likely [B]verbally [C]unlikely
鸭脖培训
[D]measures E]unwanted [F] failure
[G]incident [H]harm [I] success
[J]consistently [K]condition [L] repeatedly
[M]rious [N]forms [O]unwelcome
Part II Detailed reading
Passage One Questions
汉堡包的单词
I’m usually fairly skeptical about any rearch that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themlves than they were 50 years ago. While any of the statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. Still, I was struck by a report which concluded that today’s children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children ages 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago.
Why are America’s kids so stresd The report cites two main caus: increasing physical isolation—brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, among other things—and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place.
Given that we can’t turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation cope.
shakespeare
At the top of the list is nurturing (培育) a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress.
To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers. Your family will thank you later. They will have more time for face-to-face relationships, and they will get more sleep.
Limit the amount of virtual (虚拟的) violence your children are expod to. It’s not just video games and movies; children e a lot of murder and crime on the local news.
Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale.
Make exerci part of your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a good model for your kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable. But it doesn’t have to ruin your life.
谢孟媛中级文法
1. The author thinks that the conclusions of any rearch about people’s state of mind are ________.
A) surprising B) confusing C) illogical D) questionableD）
女服务员的英文2. What does the author mean when he says, “we can’t turn the clock back” (Line 1, Para. 3)
A) It’s impossible to slow down the pace of change. C) Lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten.
出局的英文B) The social reality children are facing cannot be changed.pigi assistedD) It’s impossible to forget the past.
3. According to an analysis, compared with normal children today, children treated as mentally ill 50 years ago ____.
A) were less isolated physically to be loved C) probably suffered less from anxiety
B) were probably less lf-centered D) were considered less individualistic
4. The first and most important thing parents should do to help their children is ________.
A) to provide them with a safer environment C) to get them more involved socially
B) to lower their expectations for them D) to t a good model for them to follow
5. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage
A) Anxiety, though unavoidable, can be coped with.
B) Children’s anxiety has been enormously exaggerated.
C) Children’s anxiety can be eliminated with more parental care.
D) Anxiety, if properly controlled, may help children become mature.
Passage Two
It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement becau once you are inside, the organizational constraints (约束) influence wage increas. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the rai you feel you derve are less if you don’t at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increas. Consider Beth’s story:
