2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解
专题十八 U,V,veerW,Y字部
1. understand
definitev.懂得,理解,明白;了解,知道;谅解,体谅
词形变化:过去式understood,过去分词understood
用法:make onelf understood清楚表达自己的意思;understand+ that/wh-从句。例如:
学家电维修I’m not very good at German, but I can make mylf understood. 我德语不太好,不过我能说清楚自己的意思。
You don’t need to understand how computers work to be able to u them. 要使用计算机不需要非得搞懂它的工作原理。
词性转换:understanding adj.了解的额,有理解力的;n.谅解,理解;understandable adj.
可以理解的
反义词:misunderstand v.误解,误会
(2019,北京卷,阅读C)To a certain degree, we can understand and control our experience of time passing.
2. u
v.&n.利用,使用,应用
punk是什么意思
关联词组:make (full/good) u of(充分)使用,利用;be in u在使用中;be of u (to sb.)(对某人)有用;for u供使用;easy to u使用方便;It’s no u doing sth.做某事没用
动词用法:常用结构有u sth. as sth.把某物用作……;菲尼克斯太阳队u sth. to do sth.用某物做某事;u sth. for (doing) sth.为(做)某事使用某物。例如:
My parents u the hou as a holiday home. 我父母把这房子用作度假屋。
Most people now u their cars to go shopping. 现在大多数人开车去购物。
They were using animals for scientific tests. 家庭教育心得体会他们用动物做科学实验。
名词用法:
可数名词,表示“用途,用处”。例如:
Robots have many different us in modern industry. 机器人在现代工业中有多种不同用途。
不可数名词,表示“用,使用”,指用的动作,仅以单数形式出现;其后通常接介词of。例如:
the increasing u of computers in education 电脑在教育领域中越来越多的使用
词性转换:ud adj.二手的,使用过的;习惯的;usable adj.可用的;uful adj.有用的,
有益的,有帮助的;uless adj.无用的;usage n.使用;用法;ur n.用户,使用者
(2019,山东卷,单项填空)
20. A recent survey shows that 44 percent of Americans want to u lf-driving cars, _________ 34 percent believe that they will make the roads more dangerous.
A. although B. becau C. if
3. usual
adj.通常的,平常的,寻常的
关联词组:as usual像往常一样,照例;usual practice惯例,通常办法
用法:It is usual (for sb./sth.) (to do sth.)(某人)通常(做某事);longer/higher/wor than usual比平时长/高/差。例如:
It is usual to start a speech by thanking everybody for coming. 讲话前先感谢大家光临,这是惯例。
He came home later than usual. 他回家比平时晚了些。
词性转换:usually adv.通常,经常
近义词:normal adj.正常的,一般的
(2019,江苏卷,阅读表达)
I find it very easy to lo mylf in my diary when I am away from my usual activities.d s
4. value
n.价值;益处
关联词组:market value市场价值;economic value经济价值;social value社会价值
用法:
表示“价值”,与“钱”相关,相当于cost;后跟介词of。例如:
to go up/ri/increa in value 升/增值;to go down/fall/drop in value 贬值
表示“重要性,用/益处”,相当于benefit,只作不可数名词;be of great/little value很/没有价值。例如:
His rearch has been of little practical value. 他的研究没有什么实用价值。
词性转换:valuable adj.有价值的;贵重的;n.贵重物品
(2019,江苏卷,填空)
45. The Book of Poetry, the earliest collection of poems, is of great value in Chine ▲ (历史).
5. visit
v.&n.参观,游览;访问,拜访,看望
动词用法:visit+某地,表示“参观,游览”;visit+某人,表示“拜访,看望,访问”。例如:
Which cities did you visit in Spain? 你在西班牙去了哪些城市?
Eric went to Seattle to visit his cousins. 埃里克到西雅图去看望他的表兄弟。
名词用法:pay a visit to sb./sth.参观/拜访……。例如:
If you have time, pay a visit to the local muum. 你若有空,参观一下当地的博物馆。
tck
关联单词:visitor n.访问者;参观者
(2019,北京卷,单项填空)
10.If you want to visit the Palace Muum, I tickets for you tomorrow.
A. will book B. booked C. have booked D. was booking
6. voice
n.说话声;嗓音
用法:
特指唱歌的“声音、音质”。例如:
Sophie’s got a lovely singing voice. 索菲有一副悦耳的歌喉。
表示“说话声,嗓音”;常用搭配如speak in a deep/soft/loud/quiet voice 低沉地说、轻柔地说、大声地说、轻声地说;rai/lower your voice提高/压低嗓门;keep one’s voice down 说话轻一些。例如:
concern"The police are here," she said in a low voice. “警察在这儿,”她低声说。
还可喻指“意见,呼声”,或“发言权,表达意见的权利”;其后常接in sth.。例如:
Governments need to listen to the voice of people.政府需要倾听民众的呼声。
词性转换:voiceless adj.无声的;voiced adj.有声的;浊音的
(2019,江苏卷,单项填空)
9.Could you speak in a loud voice so that I can hear you _______________?
A. quickly B. happily C. slowly D. clearly
7. wait
v.等(待),等候
关联词组:can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事;wait and e走着瞧;keep sb. waiting让某人等待
用法:
wait接宾语时通常先接for;wait (for sb./sth.) to do sth.等待(……)做某事。例如:
I sat waiting patiently for the party to end. 我耐心地坐着等待聚会结束。
Are you waiting to u the phone? 你在等着用电话吗?
口语中常用wait a minute/cond/moment表示“等一下;等等”。例如:
Wait a moment, just let me think. 等一下,让我想想。
日的英文
(2019,北京卷,单项填空)
1.Mr. Wang is coming to our school. I can’t wait to e .
A. her B. him C. it D. them
8. warm
adj.暖和的,温暖的;热情的
用法:
本义与温度相关,可形容事物本事温度适中;可形容身体感到温暖;可形容衣服或建筑物保暖、防寒;常和keep/stay搭配使用。例如:
Here, put on your nice warm coat. 来,穿上你舒适暖和的大衣。
Make sure you keep warm! 一定要穿暖和点!