唐迟阅读的逻辑知识点笔记
一、细节题解题技巧——定位好的句子是解题最重要的依据
●1.学会抓作者的态度
●adj. adv.
●2.句子间的逻辑关系段落间的逻辑关系
●相同/相反——重点-中心野性的呼唤txt
●干扰项特征
●1.正反混淆
●a history of long effortless success——it had made painstaking efforts towards
this goal
●2.概念偷换
●it had a market eight times larger than any competition——its domestic market
was tight times larger than before
●3.答非所问
●4.不同内容嫁接
●5.非最佳答案
●A long history of success may pave the way for further development —— inten
competition may contribute to economic progress六级多少分过线>星期四的英语单词
●6.绝对化用词、最高级
●only must exclusively never all
●正确答案特征
●1.同意改写
●2.与中心思想密切相关
●3.语气缓和：some may partly
二、微观阅读技巧——标点符号的运用
网上授课平台哪个好
●分号
●分号前后为并列关系
03-4 2段1D eath is normal; 2w e are genetically programmed to disintegrate and perish, even under ideal conditions. 00-2 2 段 For us, 1t his means that evolution is over; 2t he biological Utopia(乌托邦) has arrived. 97-5 3 段原文1t his is no flash in the pan; 2o ver the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower(通货膨
胀持续低) than expected in Britain and America. The ntence “This is no flash in the pan”(line4, paragraph 3) means that ____. a. the low inflation rate will last(低的通货
膨胀会持续) for some time.✅ b. the inflation rate will soon ri.过度推理 c. the inflation will disappear quickly.过度推理 d. there is no inflation at prent.
●冒号
●冒号前后，一般是从抽象到具体，冒号后面的内容解释前面的内容
97-3 60 the word “pervasive” (line 1, paragraph 2) might mean ____.
a.widespread✅
b.overwhelming
c. piercing
d.fashionable 原文we live in a
society in which the medicinal and social u of substances (drugs) is pervasive : an
aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get gong in the
morning, a cigarette for the nerves. 07-4 36 the statement “it never rains but it pours”
表语从句讲解
is ud to introduce a. the fierce business competition. b. the feeble boss-
board relations. c. the threat from news reports. d. the verity of data leakage✅
原文1i t never rains but it pours(祸不单行). 2J ust as boss and boards have finally
sorted out their worst accounting and compliance troubles, and improved their feeble
corporation governance, a new problem threatens to earn them —especially in
America - the sort of nasty headlines that inevitably lead to heads rolling in the
executive suite: 3d ata incurity. 由逻辑关系1=2=3
●逗号
●两个逗号之间，或一个逗号之后为补充说明的成分，非主干（可以先不看，后
面再回来梳理）
00-1 2段……the making of miconductors,which Amerciea had invented and
which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty. 主
谓之间的插入语 95-5 1段“Scientific” creationism,which is being pushed by some
fo r “equal time” in the classrooms whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are
given, is bad on religion, no science. 主谓宾之后的补充说明
●引号
●1.引用
● 2.反语或语义转移
96-5 1 段“Scientific” creationism(所谓科学的创世论), which is being pushed by
some for “equal time” in the cl assrooms whenever the scientific accounts of evolution
are givens, is bad on religions, not science.”Creationism” in the passage refers to
___. a. evolution in its true n as to the origin of the univer. b. a notion of the
creation of religion. c. the scientific explanation of the earth formation.干扰选项：文
章中用了引号，但选项直接去掉了d. the deceptive theory about the origin of the
univer.✅反语 97-1 原文The patient just be diagnod as terminally ill by two
doctors. After a “cooling off” period of ven days, the p atient can sign a certificate of
request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year-
old Darwin …… When Lloyd Nickson dies, he will ____. a. face his death with calm
characteristic of euthanasia.✅语意转移 b. experience the suffering of a lung cancer
patient. c. have an inten fear of terrible suffering. d. undergo a cooling off period of
ven days. 干扰选项：去掉双引号意思会改变08-4 原文1F or one thing, the
South could not afford to part with its slaves. Owning slaves was “ like having a large
bank account,”(比喻) says Wiencek, author of An Imperfect God: George
Washington, His Slaves, and the Creation of America. 2T he southern states would
not have signed the Constitution without protections for the“peculiar institution(特殊
的机制),” including a clau that counted a slave as three fifths of a man(五分之三个
人) for purpos of congressional reprentation(国会代表). Which of the following
is true according to the text? a. some founding fathers benefit politicallly from slavery.
b. slaves in the old days did not have the right to vote.
c. slaves owners usually had
large savings account.干扰选项 d. slavery was regarded as a peculiar institution.
三、例证题解题方法
●方法
●审题
●区分观点和例子
●观点和例子可以在不同段落
●标志
●example \ca \cite\illustrate \demonstrate \to show \to___
●例子本身不重要，重要的是例子所支持的观点；观点一般在例子前，有时也在例子
后。
●干扰选项
●就事论事(讲例子本身，根据内容同意替换)
●案例
●案例1
99-1 1 段It’s a rough world out there. Step outside and you could break a leg slipping
on your doormat. Lingt up the stove and you could burn down the hou. Luckily, if
the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster, a successful lawsuit might
compensate you for your troubles. Or so the thinking his gone since the early 1980s,
when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers’ misfortunes. 2
段Feeling threatened,companies responded by writing ever-longer warning labels,
trying to anticipate every possible accident. Today, stepladders carry labels veral
inches long that warn, among other things, that you might—surpri!—fall off. The
商务英语专业课程label on a child’s Batman cape cautions that the toy “does not enable ur to fly.” 4段
1N ow the tide appears to be turning(时间对比：过去和现在对比). As personal
injury claims continue as before, some courts are beginning to side with defendants,
especially in cas when a warning label probably wo uldn’t have changed anything.
2(例子)In May, Julie Nimmons, president of Schutt Sports in lllinois, successfully
fought a lawsuit involving a football player who was paralyzed in a game while
wearing a Schutt helmet. “We’re really sorry he has …… 题目：The ca of Schutt
helmet demonstrated that a. some injury claims were no longer supported by law✅ b.
helmets were not designed to prevent injuries c. product labels would eventually be
discarded d. some sports games might less popularity with athletes
●案例2
99-5 1 段 Science, in practice, depends far less(否定) on the experiments it prepares
than(肯定后边的内容) on the preparedness of the minds of the men who watch the
experiments(观察实验的人的思维的准备). Sir Isaac Newton suppodly
discovered gravity through the fall of an apple. Apple had been falling in many
places …… 题目：The author wants to prove with the example of Isaac Newton
that____. a. inquiring minds are more important than scientific experiments✅思想比
实验更重要 b. science advances when fruitful rearches are conducted c. scientists
ldom forget the esntial nature of rearch d. unpredictability weighs less than prediction in scientific rearch
●案例3
01-2 4 段 To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over克服 their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment这种已经过时的反殖民的来自外国投资的偏见(表明作者对外国投资的支持态度).
Countried that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty night well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure. 题目：The writer mentioned the ca of the United States to justify证明其正当 the policy of ____. a. providing financial support overas向海外提供金融支持b. preventing foreign capital’s control c. building industrial infrastructure d. accepting foreign investment✅
weipi●应用
●全面的是最佳答案
●符合中心的是最佳答案
●案例
certainlypeople do not em less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs-The locations , place names and name brands may change, but such items don not em less in demand today than a decade or two years ago. What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought被动语态pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. Q: Some people do not openly admit they have ambition becau _____. A. they think of it as immoral✅ B. their pursuits are not fame or wealth C. ambition is not cloly related to material benefits D. they do not // appear greedy a // contemptible
●干扰选项设计思路：
●被动和主动的偷换
●反义偷换（should be）
●2003 text 2
●观点在例子前，也可能在例子后
●情态动词表达观点，常见情态动词：must,can(could), may(might), should , would
●类似用法：ought to\need to
●反复强调是重点，重点是考点
●虚词的作用：表达逻辑关系
●阅读文章注意逻辑，理解逻辑关系
●定语从句表因果，解释说明
●形容词表示评价
●2004 text 2
●insidious discrimination
●2003 text 4
anticipate四、中心主旨题
●标志
●mainly about/discuss the best title the purpo appropriate title
whatdoyoumean●方法
●串线：将各段首末句串联成一个整体，以首句为主，注意转折处
串成为全文主旨，当只串首句不能概括时，要理解句间逻辑总结有时候全文主
旨为各段并不相同，共同讨论的话题的交集
●中心句：1.问题开头的提问，对它的回答，是文章中心；2.独句段
独句段表明其重要性；问句是为了吸引读者的注意力，希望中心被关注中心句
可能是个长难句
●中心词：文中反复高频出现的词
文章中心词不止一个中心词的同义改写
●2003 text 4-60
●举例
●中心思想干扰选项特征
●范围大小—片面
●范围太大—回头作文
面对选项的内容时，以此为标题构思一篇文章举例97-4 B. A debate on moral decline
●类似设计思路 97-4 02-1
五、作者态度题
●作者态度题在最后一题，实际是考察全文中心
●1998-text 3
●标志
●attitude deem consider tone
●方法
●选项词汇归纳
●正面
●pisitive optimistic approval supportive
●负面
●negative pessimistic disapproval critical doubtful suspicious skeptical
questionable
●中立
如何快速美白全身●neutral objective impartial disinterested
●不能成为作者态度的内容
