中国人民大学2007年博士研究生入学考试试题
(非英语专业)
Part I. Vocabulary ( 20 % )
Directions: Choo the best answer (from A, B, C and D) to complete each of the following ntences. Mark your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
1. Tom doesn’t think that the situation here is as good as his hometown' s.
A. economics
B. economic
C. economy
D. economical
2. the increa in the number of computers in our offices, the amount of paper hat we need has rin as well.
A. Along with
B. Altogether
C. Although
D. All along
3. The food was divided according to the age and size of the child.
A. equally
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B. individually
C. sufficiently
D. proportionally
4. Our new firm for a credible, aggressive individual with great skills to fill this position.
A. have looked
B. are looking
C. is looking
D. look
5. Plastic bags are uful for holding many kinds of food, their cleanness, toughness and low cost.
A. by virtue of
B. in addition to
C. for the sake of
D. as oppod to
6. He himlf bitterly for his mirable behavior that evening.
A. repealed
B. rented
C. replayed
D. reproached
7. Many of the fads of the 1970s as today' s latest fashions.
A. are being revived
B. is revid
C. are revoked
D. is being reviled
8. All of the international delegates attending the conference to bring a souvenir from their own countries.
A. has askedfreshfresh
B. is asking
C. were asked
D. was asking
9. Britain hopes of a gold medal in the Olympic Games suffered yesterday, when Hunter failed to qualify during preliminary ssion.
A. a vere t-back
B. sharp t-back
C. a vere blown-up
D. sharp blown-up
10. If you want to do well on the exam, you on the directions that the professor gives and take exact notes.
A. will have concentrated
B. have to concentrate
C. will be concentrated
D. will be concentrating
11. What about that article in the newspaper was that its writer showed an attitude cool enough, professional enough and, therefore, cruel enough when facing that tragedy.
A. worked me out职称英语合格标准>诉诸于
B. knocked me out
C. brought me up
D. put me forward
12. Since his injury was rious, the doctor suggested that he in the game.
A. did not play
B. must not play
C. not play
D. not to play
13. According to the latest report, consumer confidence a breathtaking 15 points last month, to its lowest level in ten years.
A. soared
B. mutated
C. plummeted
D. fluctuated
14. Our car trunk with suitcas and we could hardly make room for anything.
A. went cramming
B. was crammed
C. is cramming
D. was been crammed
15. The cretary didn't know who he was, or she him more politely.
A. will be treating
B. would have treated
C. was treating
D. would have been treated
16. The instructions on how to u the new machine that nobody emed to be able to understand.
A. were very simplistic
B. was very confud
C. were so confusing
D. was so simplistic
17. John played basketball in college and active ever since.
A. have extremely been
锦湖轮胎英文
B. has been extremely
C. will be extremely
D. should extremely be
18. The of the spring water attracts a lot of visitors from all over the country.
A. clash
B. clarify
C. clarity
D. clatter
19. the gift in beautiful green paper, Sarah departed for the party.
A. Having wrapped
B. To wrap
rvant
C. Wrap
D. Wrapping
20. The advertiment for Super Suds detergent that the sale has incread by 25% in the
first quarter of the year.
A. have been so successful
B. had been so successful
C. has been so successful
D. will be so successful
21. Tom and Alice having a new car to replace their old one for years.
A. has been dreaming of
B. have been dreaming of
C. has dreamed
D. will have dreamed
22. When the air in a certain space is squeezed to occupy a smaller space, the air is said to be
A. commenced
B. compresd
C. compromid
D. compensated
23. the heavy pollution, the city officials have decided to cancel school for the day.
A. Prior
B. By means of
C. Due to
D. Through
24. Our boss is taking everyone to the ballet tonight, and I need to make sure my new dress for the occasion.
A. has been cleaned
B. should have been cleaned
C. is being cleaned
D. has been cleaning
25. Peter's mother kept telling him that in the street is dangerous, but he would not listen.
A. played
B. will play
C. playing
D. been playing
26. A knowledge of history us to deal with the vast range of problems confronting the contemporary world.
A. equips
会计工作职责B. provides
C. offers
D. satisfies
27. He wouldn’t even think of wearing clothes; they make him look so old!
A. same
B. despite
C. such
D. that
28. Mary finally decided all the junk she had kept in the garage.
A. get rid
B. gotten rid of
C. getting rid of
D. to get rid of
29. The team leader Of mountain climbers marked out
A. that emed to be the best route
B. what emed to be the best route
C. which emed to be tile best route
D. something that to be the best route
30. Tom Jones, who around the world, will come to Asia next month.
A. will be touring
B. have toured
C. had been touring
D. has been touring
31. The paint on the clown's face that it scared the children he was trying to entertain.
A. was so exaggeration
B. were an exaggeration
C. was such an exaggeration
D. was exaggerating
32. Men often wait longer to get help for medical problems than women, and ,women live about six years longer than men on an average.
A. instead of
B. constantly
C. conquently
D. becau
33. The emphasis on exams is by far the worst form of competition in schools.
麦克杰克逊的歌A. negligent
swiftbicB. edible
C. fabulous
D. disproportionate
34. There is conflicting information on how much iron women need in their diet.
A. so much
B. so many
C. too few
D. a few
35. It must guarantee freedom of expression, to the end that all to the flow of ideas shall be removed.
A. prophecies
B. transactions
C. arguments
D. hindrances
36. Not until the 1980s in Beijing start to find ways to prerve historic buildings from destruction.
A. some concerned citizens
B. some concerning citizens
C. did some concerning citizens
D. did some concerned citizens
37. After failing his mid-term exams, Jeremy was face his parents.
A. too ashamed to
B. too embarrassing to
C. very ashamed of
D. very embarrassing to
38. My grandmother has been going to a better dentist, so this problems she is having with her dentures.
A. won' t eliminate
B. will be elimination
C. should have been eliminated
D. should help eliminate
39. He told a story about his sister who was in a sad when she was iii and had no money.
A. plight
B. polarization
C. plague
D. pigment
40. During her two-week stay in Beijing, Elizabeth never a chrome(chance) to practice her Chine.
A. pasd by
B. pasd on
C. pasd out
D. pasd up
Part II. Reading Comprehension (30 % )
Directions: Rend the following passages and then choo the best answer (from A, B, C and D) to complete each of the following ntences. Mark your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
Passage 1
British food has a good reputation, but English cooking has a bad one. It is difficult to explain the reason for this. Unfortunately, however, superb raw ingredients are often mined from the kitchen so that they come to the table without any of the natural flavor and goodness.
This bad reputation discourages a lot of people from eating in an English restaurant. If they do go to one, they are usually full of prejudice against the food. It is a pity, becau there are excellent cooks in England, excellent restaurants, and excellent home-cooking. How, then, has the bad reputation been built up?
Perhaps one reason is that Britain' s Industrial Revolution occurred very early, in the middle of the nineteenth century. As a result, the quality of food changed too. This was becau Britain
stopped being a largely agricultural country. The population of the towns incread enormously betw
een 1840 and 1870, and people could no longer grow their own food, or buy it fresh from a farm. Huge quantities of food had to be taken to the towns, and a lot of it lost its freshness on the way.
This lack of freshness was disguid by "dressing up" the food. The rich middle class ate long elaborate meals which were cooked for them by French chefs. French became, and has remained, the official language of the dining room. Out-of-ason delicacies were rved in spite of their expen, for there were a large number of extremely wealthy people who wanted to establish themlves socially. The "look" of the food was more important than its taste.
In the 1930s, the supply of rvant began to decrea. People still tried to produce complicated dishes, however, but they economized on the preparation time. The Second World War made things even wor by making raw ingredients extremely scarce. As a result, there were many women who never had the opportunity to choo a piece of meat from a well-stocked butcher' s shop, but were content and grateful to accept anything that was offered to them.
Food rationing continued in Britain until the early 1950s. It was only after this had stopped, and butter, eggs and cream became more plentiful, and it was possible to travel abroad again and taste other ways of preparing food, that the English difference to eating became replaced by a new enthusiasm for it.
41. According to the author, it is difficult to explain
A. why excellent ingredients are spoiled in the process of cooking
B. why people do not like English cooking
C. why British food often has a natural flavor
D. why people prefer home-cooking to ready made food
42. The negative effect of Britain' s Industrial Revolution on English cooking is that
A. the population in the countryside decread dramatically
B. people no longer grew their own food on their own farms
C. the freshness of food was lost on the way to the cities
D. Britain was no longer an agricultural country
43. As a result of the Industrial Revolution,
A. more attention was given to the look of the food
B. French became the official language in English restaurants
C. a large number of extremely wealthy people ate in French restaurants
D. out-of-ason delicacies became very expensive
44. The Second World War worned the problem becau
A. there was an increasing demand for rvants
B. there was a lack of raw ingredient supply
C. many women refud to choo meat from butcher' s shops
D. French chefs dominated English restaurants
45. A new enthusiasm for eating emerged in Britain
A. when many women finally had the opportunity to purcha fresh meat from a well-stocked butcher's shop
B. when butter, eggs and cream became available
C. when people started traveling to other cities
D. after the early 1950s
Passage 2
In his typically American open style of communication, Mr. Hayes confronted Isabeta about
not looking at him. Reluctantly, she explained why. As a newcomer from Mexico, she had been taught to avoid eye contact as a mark of respect to authority figures, teachers, employers, parents. Mr. Hayes did not know this. He then informed her that most Americans interpret lack of eye contact as disrespect and deviousness. Ultimately, he convinced Isabela to try and change her habit, which she slowly did.
People from many Asian, Latin American, and Caribbean cultures also avoid eye contact as a sign of respect. Many African Americans, especially from the South, obrve this custom, too. A master' s thesis by Samuel Avoian, a graduate student at Central Missouri State University, tells how misinterpreting eye-contact customs can have a negative impact when white football coaches recruit
African American players for the teams.
He reports that, when speaking, white communicators usually look away from the listener, only periodically glancing at them. They do the opposite when listening they are expected to look at the speaker all the time.
Many African Americans communicate in an opposite way. When speaking, they tend to constantly stare at the listener; when listening, they mostly look away. Therefore, if white sports recruiters are not informed about the significant differences, they can be misled about interest and attentiveness when interviewing prospective African American ball players.
In multicultural America, issues of' Eye contact have brought about social conflicts of two different kinds in many urban centers, non-Korean customers became angry when Korean shopkeepers did not look at them directly. The customers translated the lack of eye contact as a sign of disrespect, a habit blamed for contributing to the open confrontation raking place between some Asians and African Americans in New York, Texas, and California. Many teachers too have provided stories about classroom conflicts bad on their misunderstanding Asian and Latin American children lack of eye contact as being disrespectful.
On the other hand, direct eye contact has now taken on a new meaning among the younger generation and across ethnic borders. Particularly in urban centers, when one teenager looks directly at another, this is considered a provocation, sometimes called mad-dogging, and can lead to physical conflict.
Mad-dogging has become the source of many campus conflicts. In one high school, it resulted in a fight between Cambodian newcomers and African-American students. The Cambodians had been staring at the other students merely to learn how Americans behave, yet the others misinterpreted the Cambodians' intentions and the fight began.
Mad-dogging ems to be connected with the avoidance of eye contact as a sign of respect. Thus, in the urban contemporary youth scene, if one looks directly at another, this disrespects, or "diss," that person. Much like the archaic phra "I demand satisfaction," which became the overture to a duel, mad-dogging may become a prelude to a physical encounter.
At the entrances to Universal Studio's "City Walk" attraction in Los Angeles, they have posted Code of Conduct signs. The cond rule warns against "physically over bally threatening any person, fighting, annoying others through noisy or boisterous activities or by "
46. Many African Americans from the South
A. adopt a typically American open style of communication
B. often misinterpret the meaning of eye contact
C. avoid eye contact as a sign of respect
D. are taught to avoid eye contact whenever telling to the othersbombardment
47. When listening to the others, white communicators tend to
