Chapter1
1. 学日语哪里好The nature of Culture:
(1) Culture is like an iceberg (2) Culture is our software (3) Culture is like the water a fish swims in (4) Culture is the grammar of our behavior correct怎么读
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2. The definition of culture
Culture is the deposit of knowledge, experience, beliefs, values, actions, attitudes, hierarchies, religions, notions of time, role, spatial relations, concepts of the univer, and artifacts acquired by a group of people in the cour of generations through individual and group striving.
3. The definition of subcultures
Subcultures exist within dominant culture, and are often bad on economic or social class, ethnicity, race, or geographic region.
4. Scholars of different fields defined culture from their own perspectives
Anthropological perspective, psychological perspective, sociological perspective, intercultural perspective, etc.
5. Our definition of culture
We define culture as the deposit of knowledge, experience, beliefs, values, actions, attitudes, hierarchies, religions, notions of time, roles, spatial relations, concepts of the univer, and artifacts acquired by a group of people in the cour of generations through individual and group striving.
6. Characteristics of culture
(1) culture is learned (2) culture is dynamic (3) culture is pervasive (4) culture is integrated (5) culture is adaptive
(1) culture is learned： a. We learn our culture through proverbs
b. We learn our culture from folklore c. We learn our culture through art d. We learn our culture through mass media
7. Culture identity defined:
Culture identity refers to one’s n of belonging to a particular culture or ethnic group. People consciously identify themlves with a group that has a shared system of symbols and meanings as well as norms for conduct.
8. Formation of culture identity
a. unexamined culture identity
b. culture identity arch
c. culture identity achievement
9. Characteristics of culture identity
Culture identity is central to a person’s n of lf
Culture identity is dynamic, and one’s culture identity
Culture identity is also multifaceted components of their lf-concept.
10. the definition of subculture
Subcultures exist within dominant culture, and often bad on economic or social class, ethnicity, race, or geographic region.
11. components of communication
boyzonea. nder/source b. message c. encoding d. channel e. receiver f. decoding g. feedback h. noi
12. In western culture, communication is studied as the means of transmitting ideas. Western cultures emphasize the instrumental function of communication; that is, effectiveness is evaluated in terms of success in the manipulation of others to achieve one’s personal goal.
13. the components of noi
a. external noi(外界干扰) b. physiological noi（生理干扰） c. psychological noi（心理干扰）ellen什么意思 d. mantic noi(语义干扰)
14. the components of context
a. the physical context b. the social context c. the interpersonal context.
socks的音标15. What is the relationship between culture and communication?
culture inherently(天性的，固有的) contain communication systems. Communication and culture are inparable. A. cultures generate symbols, rituals(宗教习惯)， customs, and formats.
年末结转分录16. How does culture affect its communication style?
Each culture encourages a particular communication style expected within it. This implies not only using correct symbols, but also applying the appropriate communication
style for the occasion.
17. The definition of intercultural communication
More precily intercultural communication is communication between people who cultural perception and symbol system are distinct enough to alter the communication event.
18. Forms of intercultural communication
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a. international communication b. interracial communication c. interethnic communication d. intracultural(同一文化内的) communication
正日
19. the definition of anxiety and uncertainty
a. anxiety occurs becau of not knowing what one is expected to do, and focusing on that feeling and not being totally prent in the communication transaction(事务).
b. uncertainty refers to our cognitive inability to explain our own or others’ feelings and b
ehaviors in interactions becau of an ambiguous(含糊的，模棱两可的) situation that evokes anxiety.
20. Strategies to overcome anxiety and uncertainty
A. we directly gather information through verbal interrogation (询问) or by asking our counterparts questions about themlves.
B. we open ourlves to our counterparts (极其相似的人raider) by disclosing personal information that they do not know.
