1.Motivation 分类：
onomatopoeic motivation拟声理据, morphological motivation 形态理据 , mantic motivation语义理据, etymological motivation 词源理据.
2. Types of meaning:
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grammatical ~ & lexical ~; conceptual ~& associative ~(connotative~, stylistic~, affective ~, collocative ~,)
Associative meaning : 1) associative meaning is the condary meaning supplemented to the conceptual meaning. 2)It differs from the conceptual meaning in that it is open-ended and indeterminated. 3)It is liable to the influence of such factors as culture , experience, religion, geographical region, class background,education, etc. 4)Associative meaning compris four types : connotative, stylistic, affective, and collocative.
今年流行烫什么发型
3. Polymy译文论坛 is a common feature peculiar to all natural language that one word has two or more ns or meanings. Diachronic approach is an approach to polymy which stuaee
dies how a word derived its different meanings from its primary meaning in the cour of time.
4.小学一年级英语上册同形同音异义关系 Homonymy is one of the features of words that a word is different in meaning from another, but either identical both in sound and spelling or identical only in sound or spelling with the other Homonyms generally fall into three class: perfect homonyms (same name); homographs (same spelling) and homophones （some sound）. Perfect homonyms are tho words identical both in sound and spelling, but different in meaning, e.g. bear /bea/ (n) a large heavy animal; bear /bea/ (v) to put up with. Homographs are the words identical only in spelling but different in sound and meaning, e.g. saw / / (v) to scatter eds; sow /sau/ (n) female adult pig. Homophones refer to the words identical only in sound but different in spelling and meaning, e.g. dear /dia/ (n) a loved person; deer /dia/ (n) a kind of animal.
5. heavy>农谚的拼音同形同音异义词与多义词的区别
Perfect homonyms and polymants are fully identical with regard to spelling and pronun
ciation. This creates the problem of differentiation. The fundamental difference between homonyms and polymants lies in the fact that the former refers to different words which happen to share the same form and the latter is the one and same word which has veral distinguishable meanings. One important criterion is to e their etymology, i.e. homonyms are from different sources whereas a polymant is from the same source which has acquired different meanings in the cour of development. The cond principal consideration is mantic relatedness. The various meanings of a polymant are correlated and connected to one central meaning to a greater or lesr degree, e. g. neck (See 6.1 Polymy) . On the other hand, meanings of different homonyms have nothing to do with one another. In dictionaries, a polymant has its meanings all listed under one headword whereas homonyms are listed as parate entries.
6. 同义关系
Synonyms are words which share the same or nearly the same meaning with each other but different in sound and spelling. There are absolute synonyms and relative synonyms
california king bedwhich result from borrowing, dialects and regional English, figurative and euphemistic u of words, coincidence with idiomatic expressions. There exists the difference between or among synonyms in terms of their denotation, connotation or application. Absolute synonyms or complete synonyms are words which are identical in meaning in all its aspects. Relative synonyms or near-synonyms are similar or nearly the same in denotation, but embrace different shades of meaning or different degrees of a given quality.
Sources of Synonymsmetabo
1) Borrowing 2)Dialects and regional English 3) Figurative and euphemistic u of words 4) Coincidence with idiomatic expressions
如何区分同义词？
1Difference in denotation2 Difference in connotation 3 Difference in application
7.What are the characteristics of antonyms?
1) Antonyms are classified on the basis of mantic opposition 2) A word which has more than one meaning can have more than one antonym. 3) Antonyms differ in mantic inclusion. 4) Contrary terms are gradable antonyms, differing in degree of intenisty, so each has its own corresponding opposite.
8.上下义关系:Hyponymy deals with the relationship of mantic inclusion. That is, the meaning of a more specific word is included in that of another more general word. Superordinates refer to some general words; subordinates denote tho more specific words. Hyponymy can be described in terms of tree-like graphs, with higher-order superordinates above the lower subordinates. But their status either as superordinate or subordinate is relative to other terms. For example, hor, dog, pig are subordinates in relation to animal, but superordinates of mare, hound and boar, Animal itlf becomes a subordinate of creature. And creature in turn becomes
