英语写作模考
高等教育自学考试英语写作根底模拟试卷〔一〕
〔公共课〕
本试卷分总分值100分，考试时间为150分钟。
Ⅰ、重写句子〔15 points, 1.5 points each〕
Revi the following ntences according to the requirement.
Example:
The history of English words is the history of our civilization in many ways.
(periodic ntence)
In many ways, the history of English words is the history of our civilization.
1、It's true whether you believe it or not. (periodic ntence)
答案 Whether you believe it or not, it’s true.解析： 此题目考查的是loo ntence和periodic ntence之间的转换。 〔1)明确两种句型的特点：就语义结构而论，periodic ntence〔掉尾句〕中主要信息在后，次要信息在前，使句子的重心置于句尾，旨在造成悬念，引人入胜；而loo ntence〔松散句〕那么正相反，将句义重心放在句首，使主要信息一目了然。就语法结构而言，periodic ntence〔掉尾句〕将句子成分中的修饰局
部放在主要成分〔一般为主谓结构〕之前；而loo ntence〔松散句〕那么反之。 (２)此题原句主要信息为It’s true，放在次要信息whether you believe it or not之前，原句是loo ntence〔松散句〕,变换句型只要将主次信息换位即可。
2、The Wangs must have gone away for the summer holidays becau we have not en them for about two or three weeks. (compound ntence)
答案 The Wangs must have gone away for the summer holidays, for we have not en them for about two or three weeks.解析： 此题目考查的是complex ntence和compound ntence之间的转换。 〔1〕了解complex ntence〔复合句〕的构成：complex ntence〔复合句〕包含一个主句及一个或多个从句。从句分为名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句，由附属连词引导。compound ntence〔并列句〕包含两个或两个以上的分句，并由并列连词〔and, nor, but, yet, or, for, so〕引导。 〔2〕原题原句是complex ntence〔复合句〕，两个分句为因果关系，要把complex ntence〔复合句〕
重写成compound ntence〔并列句〕时，只需将第二个分句改为由并列连接词for引导的原因状语从句即可。既保证句子意思的不变，又将句子按要求进行了转化。
3、Badly frightened by the explosion, the boy rushed out of the laboratory.(complex ntence)牛津小学英语4b
答案 The boy rushed out of the laboratory becau he was frightened by the explosion badly解析： 此题旨在考查独立短语与complex ntence之间的转换。 〔1〕独立短语〔包括形容词短语，介词短语，现在分词短语，过去分词短语，不定式短语等〕在句子中通常做状语，并可转化为相应的状语从句，到达将原句转化为complex ntence或compound ntence的目的。 〔2〕此题目中的独立短语是过去分词短语，在句中做原因状语，假设要将原句转化为complex ntence，把独立短语转化为由becau引导的原因状语从句即可。
腈纶英文4、Students wish to park in the campus parking lots. They must pay for the permit. The c
ampus police will tag their cars. (compound-complex ntence)
答案 If students wish to park in the campus parking lots, they must pay for the permit, or the campus police will tag their cars.解析： 此题考查对compound-complex ntence的掌握和运用。 〔1〕了解compound-complex ntence〔并列复合句〕的构成：顾名思义，compound-complex ntence〔并列复合句〕是由复合句并列而形成的。具体地说，compound-complex ntence〔并列复合句〕可以是一个简单句与一个主从复合句用并列连接词连接起来的，也可以是两个主从复合句的并列。 〔2〕题目原句中的三个句子都是简单句，要想使之成为一个并列复合句，就必须先将其中的两个简单句合成为一个complex ntence〔复合句〕，然后将之再和第三个简单句用并列连词连接。这样就合成了compound-complex ntence〔并列复合句〕。先将第一、二句用附属连词 “If〞连接成为complex ntence〔复合句〕，再将之用并列连词“or〞与第三句并列即可。
5、During the day in the countryside, the peasants taught us the care of domestic animal
s; they also taught us how to cultivate new fruits and vegetables. (parallel structure)
有声读物在线收听
答案 During the day in the countryside, the peasants taught us the care of domestic animals and the cultivation of new fruits and vegetables. 解析： 此题是考查对parallel structure概念的掌握和运用。 〔1〕明确parallel structure〔平行结构〕的特点：parallel structure〔平行结构〕是把两个或两个以上意思并列的成分用同等的语法形式表示出来。平行的结构可以是单词、词组、从句，也可以是句子。 〔2〕题目中包含有两个分句，并且两个分句的主语和谓语都相同，可形成parallel structure〔平行结构〕的只有其宾语。如果把两句简单的合并为：During the day in the countryside, the peasants taught us the care of domestic animals and how to cultivate new fruits and vegetables. 又违背了用同等的语法形式表现意思并列的成分的原那么。故而将第二句中的how to cultivate new fruits and vegetables改为the cultivation of new fruits and vegetables以到达与care of domestic animals在语法形式上的一致。
6、It was a poor quarter. There were a lot of small huts. They had mud wall and straw roof. They dotted the hillside. (long ntence)
答案 A lot of small huts with mud wall and straw roof dotted the hillside in the poor quarter. 解析： 此题是考查将几个独立短句合并成一个长句的能力。 〔1〕将短句合并为长句，根据实际情况，可用并列连词，附属连词，非谓语动词形式，介词短语及名词性从句等形式进行。 〔2〕此题中，应运的是介词短语，将几个短句连接为一个有着较强表达力的长句。
7、The young pilot was on his first overas training. He felt very uneasy. (complex ntence)
答案 Becau the young pilot was on his first overas training, he felt very uneasy.解析： 此题是考查独立短句与complex ntence之间的转换。 〔1〕明确complex ntence〔复合句〕的特点：complex ntence〔复合句〕是由附属连词将意义相关、结构完整的两个或两个以上的simple ntence〔简单句〕连接起来构成的。 〔2〕理顺独立短句间逻辑关系：是条件、让步、时间、地点、还是因果？确定好后在附属连接词之中选一个出来连接各分句。 〔3〕 在题目中，两分句间的关系为前因后果，所以选择Becau引出解释原因的分句。
8、Illness made her envy health, and it also made her ntimental over a leaf that the wind had blown into her room. (simple ntence)
答案 Illness made her envy health and ntimental over a leaf blown into her room.2021四级成绩出来了没解析： 此题是考查将成一个compound-complex ntence〔并列复合句〕改写为simple ntence的能力。 〔1〕明确simple ntence〔简单句〕的构成：simple ntence〔简单句〕包含一个主语+谓语动词〔S+V〕的结构。 〔2〕将compound-complex ntence〔并列复合句〕中的并列成分的共同局部〔主语、谓语和宾语〕作为改写后的simple ntence〔简单句〕的主体局部〔主语、谓语和宾语〕，并将两个分句的宾语补足语并列，再将宾补的修饰语〔定语从句〕转化为过去分词短语。
9、If you want me to clean your windows, plea give me a week's notice. I am very busy this month.〔compound-complex ntence〕
答案 If you want me to clean your windows, plea give me a week’s notice, for I am very busy this month.解析： 此题考查对compound-complex ntence的掌握和运用。 〔1〕了解compound-complex ntence〔并列复合句〕的构成：顾名思义，compound-complex ntence〔并列复合句〕是由复合句并列而形成的。具体地说，compound-complex ntence〔并列复合句〕可以是一个简单句与一个主从复合句用并列连接词连接起来的，也可以是两个主从复合句的并列。destination是什么意思 〔2〕题目原句中的两个句子是一个复合句和一个简单句，要想使之成为一个并列复合句，就必须将其中的complex ntence〔复合句〕和其中的simple ntence〔简单句〕并列，这样就合成了compound-complex ntence〔并列复合句〕。关键在于并列连词的选择上。
10、For many people, summer is the most enjoyable ason. (lo ntence)
答案 Summer is the most enjoyable ason for many people.解析： 此题目考查的是loo ntence和periodic ntence之间的转换。英语 在线翻译 详见第一题的解析。
Ⅱ.改写病句〔15 points, 3 points each〕
Correct the errors in the following ntences.
Example:
After eing an offensive mouthwash ad on television. I resolved never to buy that brand again.
After eing an offensive mouthwash ad on television, I resolved never to buy that brand again.
11、Daisy was an adult, married, and had a young daughter.
答案weather怎么读 Daisy was a married adult, and had a young daughter.解析： 此题目考查对错误平行结构〔faulty parallelism〕的识别和修正。 (1) 了解错误平行结构〔faulty parallelism〕产生的原因：平行结构〔parallelism〕是把两个或两个以上意思并列的成分用同等语法形式表达，如果意思上并列的成分用不同的语法形式来表达，就破坏了其平行结构。 (2) either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, both…and等关联并列连接词〔correlative conjunction〕用于连接意思并列的成分，所以每个连词后所跟的成分必须有相同的语法形式。 (3) 题目原句中连词and后是动词+形容词+宾语的动宾结构，根据相关要求， and前也应该是动词+形容词+宾语的结构，故而该为was a married adult。
12、She paid five dollars for a dress at the county fair that she wanted.
答案 At the county fair, she paid five dollars for a dress that she wanted.解析： 此题是考查对错置修饰语〔misplaced modifiers〕的识别和修正。 〔1〕修饰语〔主要是定语和状语〕应当与被修饰的次相邻或是尽可能的近，假设打破这一规那么，句子就可能产生歧义。 〔2〕题目中的定语从句〔that she wanted〕所修饰的应该是dress而不是county fair，根据相关原那么，把at the county fair置于全句之首，既保证了定语从句和其先行词的紧密相接，又符合地点状语前置的表达方式。
13、Glancing out of the window, a beautiful view attracted my attention.
答案 Glancing out of the window, I was attracted by a beautiful view.解析： 此题是考查
对垂悬修饰语〔dangling modifier〕的识别和修正。 〔1〕了解垂悬修饰语〔dangling modifier〕的特点：修饰语在句中找不到逻辑上被修饰的对象。分词结构、不定式结构和介词短语做修饰语修饰句子时，易发生垂悬修饰现象。 〔2〕修正时，可调整句子的主语，使之与上述结构或短语的逻辑主语一致；也可将分词结构、不定式结构或介词短语带上自己的逻辑主语，将其扩展成从句。 〔3〕原句中做修饰语的分词结构Glancing out of the window的逻辑主语与句子主语a beautiful view不一致，所以可将句子主语调整为I，或将句子主语保持不变，使Glancing out of the window带上自己的逻辑主语I。
14、Sam is planning a weekend trip to Buffalo before he moves to California, he will not e his parents before the next year.
答案 Sam is planning a weekend trip to Buffalo before he moves to California, for he will not e his parents before the next year. 解析： 此题是考查对串句〔run-on ntence〕的识别与修正。 〔1〕 任何两个分句之间，都应该有说明分句之间关系的连接词〔并列连
词或附属连词〕，否那么，就形成了串句。 〔2〕 改正串句的方法并非唯一的，我们可以根据分句之间的关系，参加适当的连词，也可以通过改变标点符号，将每一个分句写为独立完整的句子。 〔3〕题目中前后两个分句是因果关系，所以参加并列连词for使原句成为一个并列句。也可将句中的逗号改为句号，或是用becau取代句中的逗号等。
15、You must make your car payment on time. So you will have to pay additional interest.
答案 You must make your car payment on time. Otherwi, you will have to pay additional interest.解析： 此题是考查对破句(fragmentary ntence)的识别和修正。 〔1〕了解破句(fragmentary ntence)的特点：把句子的一局部〔包括非谓语动词结构、并列句或是复合句中的一个分句、介词短语等〕当成了一个句子。英语中一个完整的句子必须包含"主语+谓语"结构，否那么就是破句(fragmentary ntence)。 〔2〕题目中是把并列句当中的一个分句So you will have to pay additional interest.当成了一个完整的句子。
dung
西点烘焙培训班Ⅲ.标出主题句〔15 points, 5 points each〕
16、Choo the best topic ntence from the group below. Write the choice in the blank.
A. You can review your lessons a few hours the night before the test.
B. There are many effective ways to study for a test.
C. You can study an hour before the test.
D. You can study with friends and help each other
Answer:
答案 Answer: B 解析： 此题考查对主题句〔topic ntence〕特征的掌握以及识别主题句的能力。 〔1〕了解主题句〔topic ntence〕的特征：主题句〔topic ntence〕是一个段落中最重要的句子，它的作用是概括一个段落的中心意思，所以往往是表示一般概念的句子。范围太大或太小，都会使作者无法展开段落，必须通过某些限制性词语将内容范围限制到一定程度，因此主题句应包括主题和限制性词语。从语义层次分析，主题句是一个概括性的语句〔general statement〕，它必须包涵段落要谈论的主体〔subject〕和这个主体的某一所谈论的方面〔controlling idea〕，即Topic ntence=Subject + Controlling id
ea。 〔2〕比拟上题中的四句，看哪一句既有一定的概括性，又能留出一定的展开余地。[B]句符合上述的条件，其中study for the test是subject; many effective ways是controlling idea, 有待推展和细节支持。 〔3〕 其余三句虽也符合主题句"Topic ntence=Subject + Controlling idea"的特征，但是范围太窄，不利于进一步推展，无法承当主题句的重任。
17、Read the following paragraph and underline the topic ntence.
Studying in different countries is something that impacts you positively as well as negatively. Like many young people who leave home to study in another country, do you think you would have lots of desirable fun? Certainly, it is a new experience, which brings the opportunity of discovering fascinating things and a feeling to freedom. In spite of the advantages, however, there are also some challenges you will encounter. Becau your views may clash with the different beliefs, norms, values, and traditions that exist in different countries, you may have difficulties in adjusting to a new culture and to tho parts of the culture not familiar to you.
答案 Studying in different countries is something that impacts you positively as well as negatively. 解析： 此题考查在段落中寻找主题句〔topic ntence〕的能力。 〔1〕段落中的主题句〔topic ntence〕是全段的统领，它说明段落的中心思想和作者写作的目的。段落的其余句子必须与主题句密切相关，共同说明、证实主题句。因此，主题句具有概括性，支配段落中其他各句的作用。 〔2〕多数情况下主题句出现在段首，但也可以在段中或段尾。上题段落中的Studying in different countries is something that impacts you positively as well as negatively.包含subject(Studying in different countries)和controlling idea (impacts you positively as well as negatively)，下文各句就impacts you positively和 impacts you negatively展开，详细说明影响的事实和原因。所以敲定该句为主题句。
18、Read the following paragraph carefully and lect the best topic ntence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph.
Topic Sentence:
They always complained more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways. They also blamed that their parents always have a final say. And the young felt that their parents do not trust their children to deal with cris. Besides, they dissatisfied too much murmurs of their parents about certain problems and the lack of n of humor in dealing with the problems, at least in parents-children relationships.
A. The criticisms to their parents can be kept out of the young people’ mind in following ways.
B. It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them.
C. There are so many criticisms to their parents among the young people.
D. Young people have gotten enough reasons to criticize their parents.
答案 Topic Sentence: C 解析： 此题考查根据段落中的推展句〔supporting ntences〕
来推断主题句〔topic ntence〕的能力。 〔1〕明确主题句〔topic ntence〕与支持句〔supporting ntence〕的关系：主题句〔topic ntence〕是统领，起着开宗明义、提纲挈领的作用，其余的与主题相关的支持句〔supporting ntences〕都围绕主题句来展开，用来说明、证实主题句。 〔2〕上题段落中的各句列举了年轻人都抱怨其父母些什么，谈的是What are the criticisms? 的问题。 故敲定是[C]〔3〕[A]、[B]、[D]三句，与段落各支持句内容或不相关或相矛盾，故为错解。
Ⅳ.重新组合段落〔5 points, 1 point each〕
19、Rearrange the following numbered ntences so that they will read logically. Put the numbers in proper quence in the boxes provided below.
19. From high above the Earth and from the moon, the planet gleams and shines.
20. It is the reason that people can live on this planet.
21. Water is in rock deep under the ground, in natural holding area—in shortage. In a real n, water keeps the Earth alive.
22. The blue water in the ocean and the a of the Earth makes a dramatic image.
23. Water is everywhere, it is in the air that people breathe; it is in the soil, and the grou
toxic是什么意思
nd that people cultivated.
24. Water is the source of this beauty and the source of life on the Earth.
25. Earth looks like a big blue marble.
26. The white clouds above the Earth add beauty to the picture.
